IAMC-Documentation - User contributions [en]

GMM

2022-03-30T13:02:22Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=GMM
|Version=1.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/PublicationsTabelle/PSI-Bericht_13-03.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=GMM is a cost optimization energy systems model that determines the least-cost combination of technologies and fuels to satisfy demands and fulfil other constraints, from the perspective of a single social planner. GMM has a bottom-up representation of the energy system of 17 world regions, with a detailed representation of energy supply technologies and an aggregate representation of demand technologies.
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (fixed demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|Anticipation=Global social planner with perfect foresight
|BaseYear=2010
|TimeSteps=10 time steps of each one of 10 years
|Horizon=2010 - 2100
|Nr=17
|Region=Asia Pacific; Australia and New Zealand; Brazil; Canada and Mexico; Central and South Asia; China; Eastern Europe; European Union+; India; Japan, Korea and Taiwan; Latin America and Caribbean; Middle East; North Africa; Russia; Subsaharan Africa; USA
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Consumer energy behaviour is modelled with side constraints influencing deployment and adoption of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportationOption=Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region); Energy access: Household energy consumption
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:54:00Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=MERGE-ETL
|Version=6.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/ModelsEN/2012MergeDescription.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Integrated assessment model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=MERGE acts as a global social planner with perfect foresight where the objective function is the maximization of a global welfare that corresponds to the Negishi-weighted regional utility. The utility is modeled as the natural logarithm of consumption. The logarithmic form of the regional utility func- tion implies diminishing marginal utility to consumption; therefore, an additional dollar of consumption produces larger utility gains in poorer regions. The global utility is calculated using the utility of each region weighted by means of Negishi weights. The Negishi weights are used to equalize the marginal utility of consumption among regions, hence an additional dollar of consumption in any region has the same effect on the global welfare.
|SolutionConceptOption=General equilibrium (closed economy)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionHorizonText=The model can also run in a Recursive Dynamic (myopic) mode
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|Anticipation=MERGE-ETL acts as a rational global social planner with perfect foresight to maximize the global welfare.
|BaseYear=2015
|TimeSteps=8 time steps of duration of 5 years each
|Horizon=2020-2100
|Nr=10
|Region=European Union plus UK, Andorra, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Holy See, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, San Marino, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro (EUP); Switzerland (SWI); Russia (RUS); Middle East (MEA); India (IND); China (CHI); Japan (JPN); Canada, Australia and New Zealand (CANZ); United States (USA); Rest of the World (ROW)
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate endogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|PopulationAgeStructureOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (endogenous)
|EmploymentRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|LaborProductivityOption=Yes (exogenous)
|TotalFactorProductivityOption=Yes (endogenous)
|AutonomousEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Consumption loss; Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Early retirement of capital allowed; Interest rates differentiated by country/region; Regional risk factors included; Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region; Constraints on cross country financial transfers
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|IndustryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyESOption=Yes (physical)
|TransportationESOption=Yes (physical)
|ResidentialAndCommercialESOption=Yes (physical)
|AgricultureESOption=Yes (physical)
|ForestryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Endogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Endogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Modelled as side constraints influencing deployment rate (or adoption rate) of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|PollutantOption=CO energy; CO land use; CO other; NOx energy; NOx land use; NOx other; VOC energy; VOC land use; VOC other
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Concentration: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: F-gases; Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: aerosols; Temperature change; Sea level rise
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Direct air capture
|CarbonDioxideRemoval=Backstop CDR technology corresponding to Soil carbon enehancement, enhanced weathering, reforestation/afforestation
|ClimateChangeImpactsOption=Energy supply; Energy demand; Economic output; Built capital
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region)
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

GMM

2022-03-30T12:52:35Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=GMM
|Version=1.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/PublicationsTabelle/PSI-Bericht_13-03.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=GMM is a cost optimization energy systems model that determines the least-cost combination of technologies and fuels to satisfy demands and fulfil other constraints, from the perspective of a single social planner. GMM has a bottom-up representation of the energy system of 17 world regions, with a detailed representation of energy supply technologies and an aggregate representation of demand technologies.
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (fixed demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|Anticipation=Global social planner with perfect foresight
|BaseYear=2010
|TimeSteps=10 time steps of each one of 10 years
|Horizon=2010 - 2100
|Nr=17
|Region=Asia Pacific; Australia and New Zealand; Brazil; Canada and Mexico; Central and South Asia; China; Eastern Europe; European Union+; India; Japan, Korea and Taiwan; Latin America and Caribbean; Middle East; North Africa; Russia; Subsaharan Africa; USA
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Consumer energy behaviour is modelled with side constraints influencing deployment and adoption of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportationOption=Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Direct air capture
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region); Energy access: Household energy consumption
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

GMM

2022-03-30T12:51:21Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=GMM
|Version=1.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/PublicationsTabelle/PSI-Bericht_13-03.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=GMM is a cost optimization energy systems model that determines the least-cost combination of technologies and fuels to satisfy demands and fulfil other constraints, from the perspective of a single social planner. GMM has a bottom-up representation of the energy system of 17 world regions, with a detailed representation of energy supply technologies and an aggregate representation of demand technologies.
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (fixed demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|Anticipation=Global social planner with perfect foresight
|BaseYear=2010
|TimeSteps=10 time steps of each one of 10 years
|Horizon=2010 - 2100
|Nr=17
|Region=Asia Pacific; Australia and New Zealand; Brazil; Canada and Mexico; Central and South Asia; China; Eastern Europe; European Union+; India; Japan, Korea and Taiwan; Latin America and Caribbean; Middle East; North Africa; Russia; Subsaharan Africa; USA
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Consumer energy behaviour is modelled with side constraints influencing deployment and adoption of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportationOption=Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

GMM

2022-03-30T12:49:06Z

Evangelos Panos:

GMM

2022-03-30T12:47:35Z

Evangelos Panos:

GMM

2022-03-30T12:46:25Z

Evangelos Panos:

GMM

2022-03-30T12:36:36Z

Evangelos Panos:

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:33:44Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=MERGE-ETL
|Version=6.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/ModelsEN/2012MergeDescription.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Integrated assessment model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=MERGE acts as a global social planner with perfect foresight where the objective function is the maximization of a global welfare that corresponds to the Negishi-weighted regional utility. The utility is modeled as the natural logarithm of consumption. The logarithmic form of the regional utility func- tion implies diminishing marginal utility to consumption; therefore, an additional dollar of consumption produces larger utility gains in poorer regions. The global utility is calculated using the utility of each region weighted by means of Negishi weights. The Negishi weights are used to equalize the marginal utility of consumption among regions, hence an additional dollar of consumption in any region has the same effect on the global welfare.
|SolutionConceptOption=General equilibrium (closed economy)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionHorizonText=The model can also run in a Recursive Dynamic (myopic) mode
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|Anticipation=MERGE-ETL acts as a rational global social planner with perfect foresight to maximize the global welfare.
|BaseYear=2015
|TimeSteps=8 time steps of duration of 5 years each
|Horizon=2020-2100
|Nr=10
|Region=European Union plus UK, Andorra, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Holy See, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, San Marino, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro (EUP); Switzerland (SWI); Russia (RUS); Middle East (MEA); India (IND); China (CHI); Japan (JPN); Canada, Australia and New Zealand (CANZ); United States (USA); Rest of the World (ROW)
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate endogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|PopulationAgeStructureOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (endogenous)
|EmploymentRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|LaborProductivityOption=Yes (exogenous)
|TotalFactorProductivityOption=Yes (endogenous)
|AutonomousEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Consumption loss; Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Early retirement of capital allowed; Interest rates differentiated by country/region; Regional risk factors included; Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region; Constraints on cross country financial transfers
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|WaterRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|IndustryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyESOption=Yes (physical)
|TransportationESOption=Yes (physical)
|ResidentialAndCommercialESOption=Yes (physical)
|AgricultureESOption=Yes (physical)
|ForestryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Endogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Endogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Modelled as side constraints influencing deployment rate (or adoption rate) of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|PollutantOption=CO energy; CO land use; CO other; NOx energy; NOx land use; NOx other; VOC energy; VOC land use; VOC other
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Concentration: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: F-gases; Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: aerosols; Temperature change; Sea level rise
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Direct air capture
|CarbonDioxideRemoval=Backstop CDR technology corresponding to Soil carbon enehancement, enhanced weathering, reforestation/afforestation
|ClimateChangeImpactsOption=Energy supply; Energy demand; Economic output; Built capital
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region)
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:31:07Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=MERGE-ETL
|Version=6.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/ModelsEN/2012MergeDescription.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Integrated assessment model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=MERGE acts as a global social planner with perfect foresight where the objective function is the maximization of a global welfare that corresponds to the Negishi-weighted regional utility. The utility is modeled as the natural logarithm of consumption. The logarithmic form of the regional utility func- tion implies diminishing marginal utility to consumption; therefore, an additional dollar of consumption produces larger utility gains in poorer regions. The global utility is calculated using the utility of each region weighted by means of Negishi weights. The Negishi weights are used to equalize the marginal utility of consumption among regions, hence an additional dollar of consumption in any region has the same effect on the global welfare.
|SolutionConceptOption=General equilibrium (closed economy)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionHorizonText=The model can also run in a Recursive Dynamic (myopic) mode
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|BaseYear=2015
|TimeSteps=8 time steps of duration of 5 years each
|Horizon=2020-2100
|Nr=10
|Region=European Union plus UK, Andorra, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Holy See, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, San Marino, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro (EUP); Switzerland (SWI); Russia (RUS); Middle East (MEA); India (IND); China (CHI); Japan (JPN); Canada, Australia and New Zealand (CANZ); United States (USA); Rest of the World (ROW)
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate endogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|PopulationAgeStructureOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (endogenous)
|EmploymentRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|LaborProductivityOption=Yes (exogenous)
|TotalFactorProductivityOption=Yes (endogenous)
|AutonomousEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Consumption loss; Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Early retirement of capital allowed; Interest rates differentiated by country/region; Regional risk factors included; Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region; Constraints on cross country financial transfers
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|WaterRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|IndustryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyESOption=Yes (physical)
|TransportationESOption=Yes (physical)
|ResidentialAndCommercialESOption=Yes (physical)
|AgricultureESOption=Yes (physical)
|ForestryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Endogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Endogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Modelled as side constraints influencing deployment rate (or adoption rate) of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|PollutantOption=CO energy; CO land use; CO other; NOx energy; NOx land use; NOx other; VOC energy; VOC land use; VOC other
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Concentration: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: F-gases; Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases; Radiative forcing: aerosols; Temperature change; Sea level rise
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Direct air capture
|CarbonDioxideRemoval=Backstop CDR technology corresponding to Soil carbon enehancement, enhanced weathering, reforestation/afforestation
|ClimateChangeImpactsOption=Energy supply; Energy demand; Economic output; Built capital
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region)
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:28:30Z

Evangelos Panos:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=MERGE-ETL
|Version=6.0
|ModelLink=https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/ModelsEN/2012MergeDescription.pdf
|participation=reference card only
|processState=in preparation
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Integrated assessment model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=MERGE acts as a global social planner with perfect foresight where the objective function is the maximization of a global welfare that corresponds to the Negishi-weighted regional utility. The utility is modeled as the natural logarithm of consumption. The logarithmic form of the regional utility func- tion implies diminishing marginal utility to consumption; therefore, an additional dollar of consumption produces larger utility gains in poorer regions. The global utility is calculated using the utility of each region weighted by means of Negishi weights. The Negishi weights are used to equalize the marginal utility of consumption among regions, hence an additional dollar of consumption in any region has the same effect on the global welfare.
|SolutionConceptOption=General equilibrium (closed economy)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionHorizonText=The model can also run in a Recursive Dynamic (myopic) mode
|SolutionMethodOption=Optimization
|BaseYear=2015
|TimeSteps=8 time steps of duration of 5 years each
|Horizon=2020-2100
|Nr=10
|Region=European Union plus UK, Andorra, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Holy See, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway, San Marino, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro (EUP); Switzerland (SWI); Russia (RUS); Middle East (MEA); India (IND); China (CHI); Japan (JPN); Canada, Australia and New Zealand (CANZ); United States (USA); Rest of the World (ROW)
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate endogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies; Feed-in-tariff; Portfolio standard; Capacity targets; Emission standards; Energy efficiency standards
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|PopulationAgeStructureOption=Yes (exogenous)
|UrbanizationRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (endogenous)
|EmploymentRateOption=Yes (exogenous)
|LaborProductivityOption=Yes (exogenous)
|TotalFactorProductivityOption=Yes (endogenous)
|AutonomousEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsOption=Yes (exogenous)
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Consumption loss; Area under MAC; Energy system cost mark-up
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Early retirement of capital allowed; Interest rates differentiated by country/region; Regional risk factors included; Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region; Constraints on cross country financial transfers
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UnconventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|UraniumRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|WaterRUOption=Yes (supply curve)
|IndustryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyESOption=Yes (physical)
|TransportationESOption=Yes (physical)
|ResidentialAndCommercialESOption=Yes (physical)
|AgricultureESOption=Yes (physical)
|ForestryESOption=Yes (physical)
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Endogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Endogenous technological change
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Modelled as side constraints influencing deployment rate (or adoption rate) of energy supply and demand technologies
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Linear choice (lowest cost)
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutabilityOption=Mixed high and low substitutability
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Solar thermochemical hydrogen; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|GasGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HeatGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|CO2GIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|HydrogenGIOption=Yes (aggregate)
|PassengerTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|FreightTransportation=Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption
|Industry=Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels
}}
{{Land-useTemplate}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=PSI
|institution=Paul Scherrer Institute
|link=https://www.psi.ch/en
|country=Switzerland
}}

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:24:17Z

Evangelos Panos:

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:21:26Z

Evangelos Panos:

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-30T12:19:29Z

Evangelos Panos:

MERGE-ETL

2022-03-29T11:34:12Z

Evangelos Panos: