IAMC-Documentation - User contributions [en]

Model concept, solver and details - TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:54:31Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelDocumentationTemplate
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|IsDocumentationOf=TIAM-UCL
|DocumentationCategory=Model concept, solver and details
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The main building blocks of TIAM-UCL is a TIMES model which includes processes and commodities, which are connected by commodity flows in a network representation called a Reference Energy System (RES). The model dynamics are determined by the time horizon and resolution, the evolutionary development of supply and technologies, the growth of the demand for energy services, and policies (e.g., mitigation targets, renewable portfolio standards), complimented by various alternate scenarios.

<figure id="fig:myobject">
[[File:RES system.png|500px|thumb|centre|<caption>Figure 1.1: Simplified Reference Energy System in TIAM Source: Loulou and Labriet (2007)</caption>]]
</figure>

In each region, the TIAM-UCL model describes the entire energy system by all essential current and future energy technologies from the primary energy supply over the processing, conversion, transport, distribution of energy carriers to the end-use sectors and the useful energy demands. These demands are linked to exogenous underlying drivers, like population growth or GDP development, via demand elasticities. Each region can trade one or more resources (fossil fuels and biomass) with other regions. Regional trade will depend on demand, supply (resource availability) and cost (resource and transportation cost) of the resources.

Base-year energy-service demands are exogenous and projected over 2005-2100 using drivers such as GDP, population, household, sector output etc. The base year (2005) final energy consumption is calibrated in the Base-Year templates module. Separate BY templates are available for each region for all end-use sectors, upstream, and the electricity generation sector. A representation of all existing technologies and resources are included in the Base-Year templates to determine the state of teh energy system in the intial period. Technologies available for the future years are modelled in a separate module called 'New Technologies'. Any region can access the technology module if it is cost effective to do so. Resource data such as cost, cumulative and annual availability of different resources are modelled in the 'Resource Module'. The world regions are linked through the trade of energy goods and CO2 via the trade module. There are separate modules available for hydrogen production, carbon sequestration, land-use CO2 emissions, N2O measures, CH4 measures, etc. Climate module calculates impacts of GHG emissions in the Atmosphere (CO2 concentration and temperature changes). Beside these modules, there are several scenario files which are used to apply different policies and constraints.

Further details on the TIAM model structure is available in Loulou and Labriet (2007).

The underlying data for the base year calibration in TIAM-UCL is the IEA Extended Energy Balances of OECD and non-OECD countries.

== Software ==

TIAM is a whole energy system model covering from energy resources to conversion to infrastructure to end-use sectors.This is a linear programming model that minimises total discounted energy system cost in the standard version and maximises societal welfare (total surplus) in the elastic demand version to compute a partial equilibrium. Linear programming is formulated in the GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System) language and solved via powerful linear programming optimisers (CPLEX, XPRESS or others).

VEDA Front-End (VEDA_FE) is one of the two interfaces available for the TIMES model. It is used to formulate the TIAM-UCL model database that lay down the basic structure of the model and hold fundamental data and assumptions for processes (technologies) and commodities. VEDA is a set of tools geared to facilitate the creation, maintenance, browsing, and modification of the large data bases required by complex mathematical and economic models. Data and assumptions are fed into VEDA_FE that provides input to the TIMES code. VEDA_FE accepts input from a variety of Excel files with different (flexible) structures that are tailored to work efficiently with data intensive models. The model is sent from VEDA_FE to GAMS where it is run. The results are then loaded into another interface, VEDA Back-End (VEDA_BE), where they can be manipulated and interpreted as necessary.

==Modelling to Generate Alternatives==

A critical challenge when working with global energy-environment-economy (E3) models is appropriately exploring the large uncertainties inherent in the modelling procedure. Without careful elucidation, analysts and policy makers alike can be misled by the precision of the model output and lured into a false sense of security at the certainty of the implied energy system transition(s). Broadly speaking, uncertainty in E3 models can be separated into input parameter uncertainty and structural uncertainty. Our focus here is on the latter, which stems from the model not fully capturing the complexity of the system it is trying to represent because, for example, it has necessarily simplified equations, a finite resolution, etc. Over the course of the ADVANCE project we have developed a technique to investigate a key element of structural uncertainty within TIAM-UCL. We have used the approach of modelling to generate alternatives to relax the cost optimality assumption that underpins the model and reformulated its objective function to explore this near optimal solution space. Our technique seeks to identify energy system transition pathways that are as diverse as possible within this near least cost space and as such assess the impact of minor, realistic deviations from cost optimal decision making.

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:27:20Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
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|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals; Iron and steel; Pulp and paper; Non-ferrous metals; Non metals; Other Industries; Other non-energy; Other non-specified
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Water heating; Clothes drying; Other electrical uses; Other non-electrical uses
|ResidentialAndCommercialText=Washing is disaggregated in clothes and dishes.
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|GHGText=Some emissions are exogenous (eg: agriculture)
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: total; Temperature change
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Reforestation; Afforestation; Direct air capture
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:26:36Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals; Iron and steel; Pulp and paper; Non-ferrous metals; Non metals; Other Industries; Other non-energy
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Water heating; Clothes drying; Other electrical uses; Other non-electrical uses
|ResidentialAndCommercialText=Washing is disaggregated in clothes and dishes.
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|GHGText=Some emissions are exogenous (eg: agriculture)
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: total; Temperature change
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Reforestation; Afforestation; Direct air capture
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:15:06Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals; Iron and steel; Pulp and paper; Non metals; Other Industries; Non-ferrous metals
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Water heating; Clothes drying; Other electrical uses
|ResidentialAndCommercialText=Washing is disaggregated in clothes and dishes.
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|GHGText=Some emissions are exogenous (eg: agriculture)
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: total; Temperature change
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Reforestation; Afforestation; Direct air capture
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:12:01Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals; Iron and steel; Pulp and paper; Non metals; Other Industries; Non-ferrous metals
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Water heating; Clothes drying; Other electrical uses
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels; CO2 cement; CO2 land use; CH4 energy; CH4 land use; CH4 other; N2O energy; N2O land use; N2O other; CFCs; HFCs; SF6; PFCs
|GHGText=Some emissions are exogenous (eg: agriculture)
|ClimateIndicatorOption=Concentration: CO2; Concentration: CH4; Concentration: N2O; Radiative forcing: CO2; Radiative forcing: CH4; Radiative forcing: N2O; Radiative forcing: total; Temperature change
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS; Reforestation; Afforestation; Direct air capture
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:08:11Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals; Iron and steel; Pulp and paper; Non metals; Other Industries; Non-ferrous metals
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResidentialAndCommercial=Water heating; Clothes drying; Other electrical uses
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2; CH4; N2O
|ClimateIndicatorOption=CO2e concentration (ppm); Radiative Forcing (W/m2 ); Temperature change (°C); Climate damages $ or equivalent
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T13:00:42Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Geothermal power; Nuclear power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power; Ocean power
|HydrogenProductionOption=Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS; Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS; Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS; Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS; Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS; Electrolysis
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Gas to liquids w/o CCS; Gas to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Bioliquids w/ CCS; Oil refining
|RefinedGasesOption=Coal to gas w/o CCS; Coal to gas w/ CCS; Oil to gas w/o CCS; Oil to gas w/ CCS; Biomass to gas w/o CCS; Biomass to gas w/ CCS
|HeatGenerationOption=Coal heat; Natural gas heat; Oil heat; Biomass heat; Geothermal heat; Solarthermal heat; CHP (coupled heat and power)
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hydrogen LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts
|FreightTransportationOption=Freight trains; Heavy duty vehicles; Freight ships
|Industry=Chemicals, Iron and steel, Pulp and paper, Non-ferrous metals, Non netals, Other industries
|ResidentialAndCommercialOption=Space heating; Space cooling; Cooking; Refrigeration; Washing; Lighting
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2; CH4; N2O
|ClimateIndicatorOption=CO2e concentration (ppm); Radiative Forcing (W/m2 ); Temperature change (°C); Climate damages $ or equivalent
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T12:49:36Z

Olivier Dessens:

{{ModelTemplate}}
{{ModelInfoTemplate
|Name=TIAM-UCL
|participation=full
|processState=published
|Country=UK
|Institution=University College London (UCL)
}}
{{ScopeMethodTemplate
|ModelTypeOption=Energy system model
|GeographicalScopeOption=Global
|Objective=TIAM-UCL (TIMES Integrated Assessment Model) uses the TIMES modelling platform, which
is a successor of the MARKAL platform. The markal/times modelling concept was originally intended to analyse energy systems at a regional or global level and has evolved to also describe greenhouse gas emissions.
Scenario based simulations maximize the total discounted sum of consumer and supplier
surplus over the model horizon, while taking into account the constraints (e.g. energy demand to be fulfilled, availability of energy resources etc).
|SolutionConceptOption=Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
|SolutionHorizonOption=Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
|SolutionMethod=Linear optimisation
|Anticipation=Perfect Foresight
(Stochastic and myopic runs are also possible)
|BaseYear=2005
|TemporalText=Year divided to six time slices + an additional peaking constraint.
|TimeSteps=5 years up to 2050 and 10 years beyond (changeable)
|Horizon=95 years (2005-2100)
|Nr=16
|Region=Africa; Australia; Canada; Central and South America; China; Eastern Europe; Former Soviet Union; India; Japan; Mexico; Middle East; Other Developing Asia; South Korea; United Kingdom; United States of Amercia; Western Europe;
|SpatialText=UK split as separate region compared to the ETSAP-TIAM model
|TimeDiscountingTypeOption=Discount rate exogenous
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Capacity targets
|Concept=Energy Systems partial equilibrium
|PolicyImplementation=Policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the type of policy.
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including:
Emissions taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, technology and/or resource constraints.
}}
{{Socio-economicTemplate
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous)
|GDPOption=Yes (exogenous)
|ExogenousDriverOption=Exogenous GDP; Energy Technical progress; GDP per capita
|ExogenousDriver=Population; GDP per household;
|ExogenousDriverText=Sectoral trajectories for Agriculture, Services and Industrial outputs
|EndogenousDriver=Learning by doing;
|EndogenousDriverText=Is available but rarely used due to computational issues
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita
}}
{{Macro-economyTemplate
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Bioenergy crops; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods
|Trade=Diesel; LNG; Gasoline; Heavy fuel oil; Natural gas liquids; Naphtha;
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Area under MAC
|EconomicSectorText=Link with MACRO Stand-Alone (module which represents all other economic sectors) available to represent rest of the economy
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Exogenous technological change
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services
}}
{{EnergyTemplate
|Behaviour=Elastic demand mode available (includes exogenous elasticity of each energy demand with respect to their own price)

Technology and region specific hurdle rates.
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Uranium; Biomass
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal; Gas; Oil; Nuclear; Biomass; Wind; Solar PV; CCS
|ElectricityTechnology=Geothermal; Hydropower; Solar CSP;
|ConversionTechnologyOption=CHP; Heat pumps; Hydrogen; Fuel to gas; Fuel to liquid
|ConversionTechnologyText=A range of sequestration and storage technologies represented
|GridInfrastructureText=No explicit modelling of grids, only a transmission cost and division to centralised/decentralised electricity generation technologies
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture;
|EnergyServiceSectorText=Residential and commercial are represented separately
}}
{{Land-useTemplate
|Land-useText=Land is not explicitly modelled.
}}
{{EmissionClimateTemplate
|GHGOption=CO2; CH4; N2O
|ClimateIndicatorOption=CO2e concentration (ppm); Radiative Forcing (W/m2 ); Temperature change (°C); Climate damages $ or equivalent
|ClimateIndicatorText=Climate damages available although not often modelled

CO2 is from both energy and also land-use (and forestry) included in climate module.
The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate
module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
}}
{{InstitutionTemplate
|abbr=UCL
|institution=University College London
|link=https://www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/energy
|modelusers=Energy modellers
|country=UK
}}

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T12:40:54Z

Olivier Dessens:

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T12:39:21Z

Olivier Dessens:

TIAM-UCL

2020-05-13T12:21:41Z

Olivier Dessens: Added "global" to geographical scope