https://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Johanna+Zilliacus&feedformat=atomIAMC-Documentation - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T07:48:41ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.31.1https://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:AvailabilityBE.png&diff=6544File:AvailabilityBE.png2016-12-22T10:34:52Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: Johanna Zilliacus uploaded a new version of File:AvailabilityBE.png</p>
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<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:AvailabilityBE.png&diff=6543File:AvailabilityBE.png2016-12-22T10:32:28Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: Johanna Zilliacus uploaded a new version of File:AvailabilityBE.png</p>
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<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Trade_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6162Trade - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-25T14:53:14Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Trade_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6161Trade - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-25T14:51:30Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: Edited automatically from page MESSAGE-GLOBIOM setup.</p>
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<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Socio-economic_drivers_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6044Socio-economic drivers - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T12:23:48Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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The main socio-economic drivers of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, [[Population_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|population]] and [[Economic_activity_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|GDP]], are presented in the subsections of this chapter.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Emissions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6043Emissions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T12:17:09Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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In the sub-sections of this chapter, the [[GHGs_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|GHG]] and [[Pollutants_and_non-GHG_forcing_agents_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|non-GHG emissions]] included in MESSAGE-GLOBIOM are presented.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Non-climate_sustainability_dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6042Non-climate sustainability dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T12:12:47Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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Even other non-climate sustainable development dimensions have been modeled with the MESSAGE-GLOBIOM model framework. These include [[Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|air pollution]], [[Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|water use in the energy sector]] and [[Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|energy access]]. These are presented in the subsections of this chapter.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6025Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T11:21:01Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
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==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|600px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
When current trends are projected to the future, the GHG emissions of India are expected to rise sharply by 2050. At the same time, urbanization and high expected GDP growth would also enable 1 billion people (63% of the population) to transition to clean cooking fuels over the period from 2010 to 2050 (see <xr id="fig:access1"/>). However, climate mitigation scenarios, even though reducing total emissions, could have a negative effect on the transition to clean cooking fuels, due to increased prices of LPG. <xr id="fig:access1"/> shows the effect of mitigation through the implementation carbon price if different stringency (US$10 (C10), US$20 (C20), US$30 (C30), and US$40 (C40) per ton CO2 equivalent in the year 2020) on GHG emissions versus solid-fuel reliance. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access1"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image1.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>a, GHG emissions from the MESSAGE South Asia region. b, Solid-fuel users in billions from 2010 to 2050. Results are given for a baseline (NNP) and four increasingly stringent climate mitigation scenarios (C10, C20, C30, C40). Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
The aforementioned negative impacts on energy access of mitigation policies can be counteracted by government policies. As is stated in Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "Policies that reduce stove costs shift more households to clean fuels per dollar invested than policies to reduce fuel costs. This is because, although stoves represent only a small share of the actual (levelized) cost of cooking with clean fuels, the high upfront costs of clean stoves represent a larger barrier to clean cooking uptake than fuel prices for many poor households." Therefore, as <xr id="fig:access2"/> shows, the most cost-effective measures are stove subsidies, and with different levels of support, different results in clean fuel uptake can be observed. For universal access, fuel price support would have to increase to 55 and 65%, respectively, with and without climate policy (at C30). (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access2"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image2.jpg|left|300px|thumb|<caption>a, Fuel and stove price support combinations for the no climate policy (NNP) and US$30 CO2e price (C30) scenario in 2030. Colours represent climate policy and stove price support level. Triangles, squares, stars and circles represent 5%, 25%, 50% and 65% fuel price support levels, respectively. An additional representation of fuel price support level can be viewed in Supplementary Fig. 11. ‘Least-cost’ policy lines are highlighted at the lower end of each of the areas by the cyan and magenta lines. b, Total access policy costs in 2030 for the achievement of an 85, 90, 95 and 100% share of population having access to modern fuels, respectively. Dark shaded bars show the lowest policy costs for the respective level of modern fuel access (corresponding to the level indicated by the ‘least-cost’ policy lines in a). Lighter shaded areas show the possible cost increase due to an inefficient access policy (illustrated by the arrows). Results are shown for the NNP, C30 and C40 scenarios. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
The impacts of climate and energy access policies will depend on the household income group. The urban poor and higher expenditure rural households (U1 and R2) are likely to be the most affected by climate policy, but they are also likely to benefit the most of access policies. See <xr id="fig:access3"/> for more information. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access3"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image3.jpg|left|300px|thumb|<caption>a, Solid and clean cooking in four population groups over time for the NNP and C30 scenarios in the absence of dedicated energy access policies such as fuel price or stove cost support. Population groups are divided according to rural and urban dwelling location and daily per-capita expenditure (under and over PPP$2 per person per day for rural groups and PPP$5 per person per day for urban groups). PPP, purchasing power parity. b, Impacts of selected stove cost and fuel price support polices on four expenditure groups in 2030 in the NNP and C30 scenarios. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=6022Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T11:20:07Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Other sustainability dimensions<br />
}}<br />
==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
When current trends are projected to the future, the GHG emissions of India are expected to rise sharply by 2050. At the same time, urbanization and high expected GDP growth would also enable 1 billion people (63% of the population) to transition to clean cooking fuels over the period from 2010 to 2050 (see <xr id="fig:access1"/>). However, climate mitigation scenarios, even though reducing total emissions, could have a negative effect on the transition to clean cooking fuels, due to increased prices of LPG. <xr id="fig:access1"/> shows the effect of mitigation through the implementation carbon price if different stringency (US$10 (C10), US$20 (C20), US$30 (C30), and US$40 (C40) per ton CO2 equivalent in the year 2020) on GHG emissions versus solid-fuel reliance. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access1"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image1.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>a, GHG emissions from the MESSAGE South Asia region. b, Solid-fuel users in billions from 2010 to 2050. Results are given for a baseline (NNP) and four increasingly stringent climate mitigation scenarios (C10, C20, C30, C40). Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
The aforementioned negative impacts on energy access of mitigation policies can be counteracted by government policies. As is stated in Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "Policies that reduce stove costs shift more households to clean fuels per dollar invested than policies to reduce fuel costs. This is because, although stoves represent only a small share of the actual (levelized) cost of cooking with clean fuels, the high upfront costs of clean stoves represent a larger barrier to clean cooking uptake than fuel prices for many poor households." Therefore, as <xr id="fig:access2"/> shows, the most cost-effective measures are stove subsidies, and with different levels of support, different results in clean fuel uptake can be observed. For universal access, fuel price support would have to increase to 55 and 65%, respectively, with and without climate policy (at C30). (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access2"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image2.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>a, Fuel and stove price support combinations for the no climate policy (NNP) and US$30 CO2e price (C30) scenario in 2030. Colours represent climate policy and stove price support level. Triangles, squares, stars and circles represent 5%, 25%, 50% and 65% fuel price support levels, respectively. An additional representation of fuel price support level can be viewed in Supplementary Fig. 11. ‘Least-cost’ policy lines are highlighted at the lower end of each of the areas by the cyan and magenta lines. b, Total access policy costs in 2030 for the achievement of an 85, 90, 95 and 100% share of population having access to modern fuels, respectively. Dark shaded bars show the lowest policy costs for the respective level of modern fuel access (corresponding to the level indicated by the ‘least-cost’ policy lines in a). Lighter shaded areas show the possible cost increase due to an inefficient access policy (illustrated by the arrows). Results are shown for the NNP, C30 and C40 scenarios. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
The impacts of climate and energy access policies will depend on the household income group. The urban poor and higher expenditure rural households (U1 and R2) are likely to be the most affected by climate policy, but they are also likely to benefit the most of access policies. See <xr id="fig:access3"/> for more information. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access3"><br />
[[File:Cameron et al image3.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>a, Solid and clean cooking in four population groups over time for the NNP and C30 scenarios in the absence of dedicated energy access policies such as fuel price or stove cost support. Population groups are divided according to rural and urban dwelling location and daily per-capita expenditure (under and over PPP$2 per person per day for rural groups and PPP$5 per person per day for urban groups). PPP, purchasing power parity. b, Impacts of selected stove cost and fuel price support polices on four expenditure groups in 2030 in the NNP and C30 scenarios. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Cameron_et_al_image3.jpg&diff=6021File:Cameron et al image3.jpg2016-10-21T11:19:47Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Cameron_et_al_image2.jpg&diff=6018File:Cameron et al image2.jpg2016-10-21T11:13:16Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Cameron_et_al_image1.jpg&diff=5998File:Cameron et al image1.jpg2016-10-21T10:41:37Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5924Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T08:41:35Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|DocumentationCategory=Other sustainability dimensions<br />
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|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5923Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T08:40:27Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Water<br />
}}<br />
Large amounts of water are currently being used in the energy sector. For assessing long-term freshwater sustainability, MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the impact of energy system transformations on water. <br />
<br />
The majority of energy sector freshwater withdrawal occurs in the steam-cycle and cooling systems related to thermoelectric power plants. The model distinguishes between two different water-cooling technologies, but also a technology only using air for cooling purposes, which provide an opportunity to reduce energy system reliance on water. The different technologies that are therefore distinguished in the model are:<br />
<br />
*Once-through cooling technology: water is passed through the cooling system once and then returned to its source. <br />
*Closed-loop cooling technology: water that is withdrawn is re-circulated.<br />
*Air-cooling technology: instead of water, air is used for cooling purposes.<br />
<br />
Further, the water source is distinguished across technologies between fresh or saline. <br />
<br />
This choice of model formulation enables consistent representation of water use across power plant types and incorporates water impacts of heat-rate improvements due to anticipated long-term technological change. Moreover, the approach enables analysis of thermal water pollution from once-through cooled thermal power plants by allowing quantification of the heat energy embodied in cooling system effluents.<br />
<br />
When applied to a broad range of climate mitigation scenarios that aim for 2 degrees Celsius, the results show a wide range of water implications across scenarios. Global demand of freshwater is expected to grow in all 2 degree scenarios due to rapidly growing electricity demand in many developing countries as a result of and the prevalence of freshwater-cooled thermal power generation. However, a shift to water-efficient cooling technologies can significantly reduce the use of water within the energy sector by reducing the freshwater withdrawals and thermal pollution related to thermoelectric power production. Further, controlling demand is another strategy that can reduce the water use, and further, it provides more flexibility in terms of cooling technology choices for thermoelectric power plants. Therefore, an integrated approach, using both technology adaptation and demand control, is seen as the most effective and flexible approach to reducing water demand in the energy sector. (Fricko et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"/> presents the impact of water usage across different 2 degree scenarios from the [http://www.globalenergyassessment.org/ Global Energy Assessment (GEA)], and how adopting technologies can help reduce the water demand.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"><br />
[[File:Fricko et al image1.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Global water impacts across the 2 °C and reference scenarios for the two thermal power plant cooling technology cases: (A) baseline cooling technologies; and (B) adapt cooling technologies. Individual scenario results are illustrated for a subset of climate change mitigation and reference scenarios with intermediate energy demand (GEA-Mix). The full range of water impacts associated with all technology scenarios are illustrated for each energy demand assumption (GEA-Efficiency, GEA-Mix, and GEA-Supply). The additional range resulting from the maximum and minimum reported water intensity coefficients are indicated by gray lines. (Fricko et al., 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div><br />
<br />
Water consumption is responsive to the energy demand level, as depicted in <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"/>. <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water2"/> explores the relationship between energy demand and water use by computing the water consumption intensity of the energy pathways (global water consumption divided by final energy demand). The intensity of water consumption increases over the simulation period regardless of the demand level. The GEA-Efficiency scenarios display the largest range of water since low demand levels permit a greater flexibility in supply side technologies for climate change mitigation. (Fricko et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water2"><br />
[[File:Fricko et al image2.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Water consumption intensity of the 2 °C and reference scenarios for the two thermoelectric cooling technology cases: (A) baseline cooling technologies; and (B) adapt cooling technologies. The consumption intensity is calculated as water consumption divided by final energy demand (in exajoules (EJ)). (Fricko et al., 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5920Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T08:39:09Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Water<br />
}}<br />
Large amounts of water are currently being used in the energy sector. For assessing long-term freshwater sustainability, MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the impact of energy system transformations on water. <br />
<br />
The majority of energy sector freshwater withdrawal occurs in the steam-cycle and cooling systems related to thermoelectric power plants. The model distinguishes between two different water-cooling technologies, but also a technology only using air for cooling purposes, which provide an opportunity to reduce energy system reliance on water. The different technologies that are therefore distinguished in the model are:<br />
<br />
*Once-through cooling technology: water is passed through the cooling system once and then returned to its source. <br />
*Closed-loop cooling technology: water that is withdrawn is re-circulated.<br />
*Air-cooling technology: instead of water, air is used for cooling purposes.<br />
<br />
Further, the water source is distinguished across technologies between fresh or saline. <br />
<br />
This choice of model formulation enables consistent representation of water use across power plant types and incorporates water impacts of heat-rate improvements due to anticipated long-term technological change. Moreover, the approach enables analysis of thermal water pollution from once-through cooled thermal power plants by allowing quantification of the heat energy embodied in cooling system effluents.<br />
<br />
When applied to a broad range of climate mitigation scenarios that aim for 2 degrees Celsius, the results show a wide range of water implications across scenarios. Global demand of freshwater is expected to grow in all 2 degree scenarios due to rapidly growing electricity demand in many developing countries as a result of and the prevalence of freshwater-cooled thermal power generation. However, a shift to water-efficient cooling technologies can significantly reduce the use of water within the energy sector by reducing the freshwater withdrawals and thermal pollution related to thermoelectric power production. Further, controlling demand is another strategy that can reduce the water use, and further, it provides more flexibility in terms of cooling technology choices for thermoelectric power plants. Therefore, an integrated approach, using both technology adaptation and demand control, is seen as the most effective and flexible approach to reducing water demand in the energy sector. (Fricko et al, 2016a[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"/> presents the impact of water usage across different 2 degree scenarios from the [http://www.globalenergyassessment.org/ Global Energy Assessment (GEA)], and how adopting technologies can help reduce the water demand.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"><br />
[[File:Fricko et al image1.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Global water impacts across the 2 °C and reference scenarios for the two thermal power plant cooling technology cases: (A) baseline cooling technologies; and (B) adapt cooling technologies. Individual scenario results are illustrated for a subset of climate change mitigation and reference scenarios with intermediate energy demand (GEA-Mix). The full range of water impacts associated with all technology scenarios are illustrated for each energy demand assumption (GEA-Efficiency, GEA-Mix, and GEA-Supply). The additional range resulting from the maximum and minimum reported water intensity coefficients are indicated by gray lines. (Fricko et al., 2016a)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div><br />
<br />
Water consumption is responsive to the energy demand level, as depicted in <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"/>. <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water2"/> explores the relationship between energy demand and water use by computing the water consumption intensity of the energy pathways (global water consumption divided by final energy demand). The intensity of water consumption increases over the simulation period regardless of the demand level. The GEA-Efficiency scenarios display the largest range of water since low demand levels permit a greater flexibility in supply side technologies for climate change mitigation. (Fricko et al, 2016a[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water2"><br />
[[File:Fricko et al image2.jpg|left|700px|thumb|<caption>Water consumption intensity of the 2 °C and reference scenarios for the two thermoelectric cooling technology cases: (A) baseline cooling technologies; and (B) adapt cooling technologies. The consumption intensity is calculated as water consumption divided by final energy demand (in exajoules (EJ)). (Fricko et al., 2016a)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Fricko_et_al_image2.jpg&diff=5916File:Fricko et al image2.jpg2016-10-21T08:29:43Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5914Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-21T08:24:55Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
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|DocumentationCategory=Water<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
|HasSeq=2<br />
|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
Large amounts of water are currently being used in the energy sector. For assessing long-term freshwater sustainability, MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the impact of energy system transformations on water. <br />
<br />
The majority of energy sector freshwater withdrawal occurs in the steam-cycle and cooling systems related to thermoelectric power plants. The model distinguishes between two different water-cooling technologies, but also a technology only using air for cooling purposes, which provide an opportunity to reduce energy system reliance on water. The different technologies that are therefore distinguished in the model are:<br />
<br />
*Once-through cooling technology: water is passed through the cooling system once and then returned to its source. <br />
*Closed-loop cooling technology: water that is withdrawn is re-circulated.<br />
*Air-cooling technology: instead of water, air is used for cooling purposes.<br />
<br />
Further, the water source is distinguished across technologies between fresh or saline. <br />
<br />
This choice of model formulation enables consistent representation of water use across power plant types and incorporates water impacts of heat-rate improvements due to anticipated long-term technological change. Moreover, the approach enables analysis of thermal water pollution from once-through cooled thermal power plants by allowing quantification of the heat energy embodied in cooling system effluents.<br />
<br />
When applied to a broad range of climate mitigation scenarios that aim for 2 degrees Celsius, the results show a wide range of water implications across scenarios. Global demand of freshwater is expected to grow in all 2 degree scenarios due to rapidly growing electricity demand in many developing countries as a result of and the prevalence of freshwater-cooled thermal power generation. However, a shift to water-efficient cooling technologies can significantly reduce the use of water within the energy sector by reducing the freshwater withdrawals and thermal pollution related to thermoelectric power production. Further, controlling demand is another strategy that can reduce the water use, and further, it provides more flexibility in terms of cooling technology choices for thermoelectric power plants. Therefore, an integrated approach, using both technology adaptation and demand control, is seen as the most effective and flexible approach to reducing water demand in the energy sector. (Fricko et al, 2016a[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"/> presents the impact of water usage across different 2 degree scenarios from the Global Energy Assessment, and how adopting technologies can help reduce the water demand.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_water1"><br />
[[File:Fricko et al image1.jpg|left|900px|thumb|<caption>Global water impacts across the 2 °C and reference scenarios for the two thermal power plant cooling technology cases: (A) baseline cooling technologies; and (B) adapt cooling technologies. Individual scenario results are illustrated for a subset of climate change mitigation and reference scenarios with intermediate energy demand (GEA-Mix). The full range of water impacts associated with all technology scenarios are illustrated for each energy demand assumption (GEA-Efficiency, GEA-Mix, and GEA-Supply). The additional range resulting from the maximum and minimum reported water intensity coefficients are indicated by gray lines. (Fricko et al., 2016a)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Fricko_et_al_image1.jpg&diff=5912File:Fricko et al image1.jpg2016-10-21T08:19:31Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5899Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-20T16:10:10Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Water<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
|HasSeq=2<br />
|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
Large amounts of water are currently being used in the energy sector. For assessing long-term freshwater sustainability, MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the impact of energy system transformations on water. <br />
<br />
The majority of energy sector freshwater withdrawal occurs in the steam-cycle and cooling systems related to thermoelectric power plants. Once through and closed-loop cooling technologies are distinguished in the model. In the following the differences between these two technologies are presented:<br />
<br />
Once-through cooling technology - water is passed through the cooling system once, and then returned to its source. <br />
Closedloop systems - water that is withdrawn is re-circulated.<br />
<br />
The water source (fresh or saline) is further distinguished across technologies. Also air-cooled systems are considered, which provide an opportunity to reduce energy system reliance on water. The choice of model formulation enables consistent representation of water use across power plant types and incorporates water impacts of heat-rate improvements due to anticipated long-term technological change. Moreover, the approach enables analysis of thermal water pollution from once-through cooled thermal power plants by allowing quantification of the heat energy embodied in cooling system effluents.<br />
<br />
(Fricko et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]])</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5891Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-20T15:22:49Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Air pollution and health<br />
}}<br />
The different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) have varying impacts on air pollution emissions. SSP1 and SSP5 show the most rapid emissions reductions than the other SSPs due to more effective pollution control and lower intensity for fossil fuels. SSP3 shows a consistent decline throughout the century, which is however less sharp than the reduction presented by SSP1 and SSP5. SSP3, due to larger projected population growth and relatively more slow and heterogeneous economic growth, results in an increase in emissions until 2030, and through a slight post-2030 decline end in only slightly lower emissions levels than the current ones by 2100. <br />
<br />
Mitigation scenarios bring co-benefits in terms of air pollutant emission reductions. The largest emissions reductions can be seen for the SSP3 scenario, which has the highest baseline emissions, and the lowest for SSP1/SSP5. In terms of pollutants, SO2 and NOx emissions result in the largest reductions, whereas BC emissions do not decline as much - this can mainly be attributed to assumptions on fuel-substitution in the residential sector. (Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])<br />
<br />
<xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSP"/> presents the differences of emissions reductions between the different SSPs for both a reference case as well as for mitigation scenarios.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSP"><br />
[[File:Rao et al SSP air pollution.jpg|left|678px|thumb|<caption>Emissions of SO2, NOX and BC in SSP marker baselines (Ref) and 4.5 (labeled as 45) and 2.6 (labeled as 26) W/m2 climate mitigation cases. Shaded area indicates range of total emissions from RCP scenario range from (van Vuuren et al., 2011a). Assessment Report (AR5) range refers to the full range of scenarios reviewed in the [https://tntcat.iiasa.ac.at/AR5DB/ Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)] of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); Historical values are derived from (Lamarque et al., 2010); Colored bars indicate the range of all models (markers and non-markers) in 2100. (Rao et al, 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div><br />
<br />
In terms of regional air pollution impacts of the different SSPs, the strong air pollution control scenarios (SSP1/SSP5) show significantly lower concentrations across all regions than the less stringent air pollution control scenarios (SSP3/SSP4). OECD countries are expected to enhance their air pollution situation by 2050 under all SSP scenarios. For Middle East and Africa, mineral dust is responsible for most of the higher concentration levels, and therefore, in this region, mitigation measures will not be as effective as elsewhere. For Asia the low air pollution control scenarios (SSP3/SSP4) would increase the amount of people exposed to high levels of air pollutants - however, mitigation measures have the potential for significant co-benefits in terms of air pollutants for the region. <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSPreg"/> illustrates these regional impacts across the SSPs. (Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSPreg"><br />
[[File:Rao et al fig2.jpg|left|678px|thumb|<caption>Left panel: region-population weighted mean PM2.5 in μg/m3 (left axis) from marker scenario (blue color bars) and average from the 3 RCP scenarios (grey bar), contribution of natural PM2.5 (hatched area) for the year 2005 (leftmost bar) and 2050. Green, orange and red colored markers indicate the fraction of the population exposed to <10, <25 and <35 μg/m3 respectively (right axis). Right panel: mean ozone concentration (maximal 6-monthly mean of daily maximum ozone). For the grouped scenarios SSP1/5 and SSP3/4 the concentration represents the mean of the respective marker scenarios. Error bars show the concentration range (min/max) of regional averages from all models in the (set of) SSP scenarios shown, including non-marker. For the RCP bars, the error bar indicates the min/max range within the set of 3 RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. (Rao et al, 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5890Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-20T15:22:08Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Air pollution and health<br />
}}<br />
The different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) have varying impacts on air pollution emissions. SSP1 and SSP5 show the most rapid emissions reductions than the other SSPs due to more effective pollution control and lower intensity for fossil fuels. SSP3 shows a consistent decline throughout the century, which is however less sharp than the reduction presented by SSP1 and SSP5. SSP3, due to larger projected population growth and relatively more slow and heterogeneous economic growth, results in an increase in emissions until 2030, and through a slight post-2030 decline end in only slightly lower emissions levels than the current ones by 2100. <br />
<br />
Mitigation scenarios bring co-benefits in terms of air pollutant emission reductions. The largest emissions reductions can be seen for the SSP3 scenario, which has the highest baseline emissions, and the lowest for SSP1/SSP5. In terms of pollutants, SO2 and NOx emissions result in the largest reductions, whereas BC emissions do not decline as much - this can mainly be attributed to assumptions on fuel-substitution in the residential sector. (Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])<br />
<br />
<xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSP"/> presents the differences of emissions reductions between the different SSPs for both a reference case as well as for mitigation scenarios.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSP"><br />
[[File:Rao et al SSP air pollution.jpg|left|678px|thumb|<caption>Emissions of SO2, NOX and BC in SSP marker baselines (Ref) and 4.5 (labeled as 45) and 2.6 (labeled as 26) W/m2 climate mitigation cases. Shaded area indicates range of total emissions from RCP scenario range from (van Vuuren et al., 2011a). Assessment Report (AR5) range refers to the full range of scenarios reviewed in the [https://tntcat.iiasa.ac.at/AR5DB/ Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)] of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); Historical values are derived from (Lamarque et al., 2010); Colored bars indicate the range of all models (markers and non-markers) in 2100. (Rao et al, 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div><br />
<br />
In terms of regional air pollution impacts of the different SSPs, the strong air pollution control scenarios (SSP1/SSP5) show significantly lower concentrations across all regions than the less stringent air pollution control scenarios (SSP3/SSP4). OECD countries are expected to enhance their air pollution situation by 2050 under all SSP scenarios. For Middle East and Africa, mineral dust is responsible for most of the higher concentration levels, and therefore, in this region, mitigation measures will not be as effective as elsewhere. For Asia the low air pollution control scenarios (SSP3/SSP4) would increase the amount of people exposed to high levels of air pollutants - however, mitigation measures have the potential for significant co-benefits in terms of air pollutants for the region. <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSPreg"/> illustrates these regional impacts across the SSPs.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_AP_SSPreg"><br />
[[File:Rao et al fig2.jpg|left|678px|thumb|<caption>Left panel: region-population weighted mean PM2.5 in μg/m3 (left axis) from marker scenario (blue color bars) and average from the 3 RCP scenarios (grey bar), contribution of natural PM2.5 (hatched area) for the year 2005 (leftmost bar) and 2050. Green, orange and red colored markers indicate the fraction of the population exposed to <10, <25 and <35 μg/m3 respectively (right axis). Right panel: mean ozone concentration (maximal 6-monthly mean of daily maximum ozone). For the grouped scenarios SSP1/5 and SSP3/4 the concentration represents the mean of the respective marker scenarios. Error bars show the concentration range (min/max) of regional averages from all models in the (set of) SSP scenarios shown, including non-marker. For the RCP bars, the error bar indicates the min/max range within the set of 3 RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. (Rao et al, 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Rao_et_al_fig2.jpg&diff=5889File:Rao et al fig2.jpg2016-10-20T15:20:25Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=References_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5650References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-18T08:00:25Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|HasLevel=1<br />
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}}<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{{#referencelist:<br />
|references=MSG-GLB_lamarque_historical_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_representative_2011;MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016; MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016;MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010;MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009;MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010;MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005;MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997;MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010;MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013;MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008;MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995;MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009;MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000;MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004;MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006;MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008;MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006;MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002;MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011;MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004;MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003;MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009;MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008;MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008;MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009;MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011;MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992;MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000;MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007;MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999;MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012;MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013;MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007;MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003;MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006;MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008;MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007;MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010;MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999;MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012;MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995;MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007;MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996;MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008;MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004;MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015;MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011;MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014;MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006;MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013;MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015;MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013;MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011;MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997;MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016;MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014;MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014;MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015;MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016;MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014;MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016;MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012;MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014;MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003;MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015;MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012;MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005;MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012;MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010;MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011;MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013;MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008;MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008;MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980;MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005;MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011;MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012;MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987;MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993;MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008;MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000;MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008;MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007;MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999;MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007;MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003;MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996;MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008;MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971;MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013;MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995;MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007;MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006;MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006;MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008;MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005;MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007;MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001;MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008;MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005;MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993;MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008;MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997;MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007;MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999;MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007;MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986;MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004;MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001;MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006|+sep=;<br />
|browselinks=yes<br />
|columns=2<br />
|header=List<br />
|listtype=ul<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_lamarque_historical_2010,<br />
title = {Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
issn = {1680-7324},<br />
url = {http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/10/7017/2010/},<br />
doi = {10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010},<br />
number = {15},<br />
journal = {Atmos. Chem. Phys.},<br />
author = {Lamarque, J.-F. and Bond, T. C. and Eyring, V. and Granier, C. and Heil, A. and Klimont, Z. and Lee, D. and Liousse, C. and Mieville, A. and Owen, B. and Schultz, M. G. and Shindell, D. and Smith, S. J. and Stehfest, E. and Van Aardenne, J. and Cooper, O. R. and Kainuma, M. and Mahowald, N. and McConnell, J. R. and Naik, V. and Riahi, K. and van Vuuren, D. P.},<br />
month = aug,<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {7017--7039}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_representative_2011,<br />
title = {The representative concentration pathways: an overview},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {1573-1480},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0148-z},<br />
doi = {10.1007/s10584-011-0148-z},<br />
abstract = {This paper summarizes the development process and main characteristics of the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), a set of four new pathways developed for the climate modeling community as a basis for long-term and near-term modeling experiments. The four RCPs together span the range of year 2100 radiative forcing values found in the open literature, i.e. from 2.6 to 8.5 W/m2. The RCPs are the product of an innovative collaboration between integrated assessment modelers, climate modelers, terrestrial ecosystem modelers and emission inventory experts. The resulting product forms a comprehensive data set with high spatial and sectoral resolutions for the period extending to 2100. Land use and emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are reported mostly at a 0.5 × 0.5 degree spatial resolution, with air pollutants also provided per sector (for well-mixed gases, a coarser resolution is used). The underlying integrated assessment model outputs for land use, atmospheric emissions and concentration data were harmonized across models and scenarios to ensure consistency with historical observations while preserving individual scenario trends. For most variables, the RCPs cover a wide range of the existing literature. The RCPs are supplemented with extensions (Extended Concentration Pathways, ECPs), which allow climate modeling experiments through the year 2300. The RCPs are an important development in climate research and provide a potential foundation for further research and assessment, including emissions mitigation and impact analysis.},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Edmonds, Jae and Kainuma, Mikiko and Riahi, Keywan and Thomson, Allison and Hibbard, Kathy and Hurtt, George C. and Kram, Tom and Krey, Volker and Lamarque, Jean-Francois and Masui, Toshihiko and Meinshausen, Malte and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Smith, Steven J. and Rose, Steven K.},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {5}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016,<br />
title = {Future air pollution in the Shared Socio-economic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Klimont, Zbigniew and Smith, Steven J and Van Dingenen, Rita and Dentener, Frank and Bouwman, Lex and Riahi, Keywan and Amann, Markus and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016,<br />
title = {Energy sector water use implications of a 2° {C} climate policy},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Parkinson, Simon C and Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and van Vliet, Michelle TH and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {034011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016,<br />
title = {Policy trade-offs between climate mitigation and clean cook-stove access in South Asia},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
issn = {2058-7546},<br />
journal = {Nature Energy},<br />
author = {Cameron, Colin and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Narasimha D and McCollum, David and Rogelj, Joeri and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {15010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010,<br />
title = {Short term decisions for long term problems–The effect of foresight on model based energy systems analysis},<br />
volume = {35},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2033--2042}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009,<br />
title = {Implications of delayed participation and technology failure for the feasibility, costs, and likelihood of staying below temperature targets—Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {31},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
author = {Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {S94--S106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010,<br />
title = {Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options},<br />
volume = {107},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan and Keppo, Ilkka},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {1011--1016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005,<br />
title = {Structural change in energy use},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Schäfer, Andreas},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
pages = {429--437}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997,<br />
title = {Endogenized technological learning in an energy systems model},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
issn = {0936-9937},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {291--313}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010,<br />
title = {Determinants of household energy consumption in India},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Ekholm, Tommi and Krey, Volker and Pachauri, Shonali and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {5696--5707}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013,<br />
title = {Pathways to achieve universal household access to modern energy by 2030},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Pachauri, Shonali and van Ruijven, Bas J and Nagai, Yu and Riahi, Keywan and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Brew-Hammond, Abeeku and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {024015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012,<br />
title = {Chapter 7 - Energy resources and potentials},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
author = {Rogner, H and Aguilera, Roberto F and Archer, Christina and Bertani, Ruggero and Bhattacharya, S and Dusseault, M and Gagnon, Luc and Harbel, H and Hoogwijk, Monique and Johnson, Arthur},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {423--512}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004,<br />
type = {report},<br />
title = {On the global and regional potential of renewable energy sources (PhD Thesis)},<br />
institution = {Department of Science, Technology and Society. Utrecht University},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique Maria},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008,<br />
title = {Global potential of renewable energy sources: a literature assessment},<br />
journal = {Background report prepared by order of REN21. Ecofys, PECSNL072975},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique and Graus, Wina},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995,<br />
title = {Diffusion and learning curves of renewable-energy technologies},<br />
issn = {0304-7121},<br />
journal = {IIASA Report},<br />
author = {Christiansson, Lena},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007,<br />
title = {Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000–2080},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Fischer, Günther},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1030--1056}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009,<br />
title = {Future bio-energy potential under various natural constraints},<br />
volume = {37},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {11},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and van Vliet, Jasper and Stehfest, Elke},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {4220--4230}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Larson, Eric D. and Li, Zheng and Williams, Robert H.},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {901--992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000,<br />
title = {Greenhouse gas emissions in a dynamics-as-usual scenario of economic and energy development},<br />
volume = {63},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Roehrl, R Alexander},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {175--205}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004,<br />
title = {Prospects for carbon capture and sequestration technologies assuming their technological learning},<br />
volume = {29},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {9},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rubin, Edward S and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
pages = {1309--1318}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006,<br />
title = {The Role of Non-CO₃ Greenhouse Gases in Climate Change Mitigation: Long-term Scenarios for the 21st Century},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {177--200}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {{RCP} 8.5—{A} scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rao, Shilpa and Krey, Volker and Cho, Cheolhung and Chirkov, Vadim and Fischer, Guenther and Kindermann, Georg and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Rafaj, Peter},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {33--57}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of long-term socio-economic and environmental development under climate stabilization},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Grübler, Arnulf and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {887--935}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008,<br />
title = {{MAGICC}/{SCENGEN} 5.3: {User} manual (version 2)},<br />
volume = {80},<br />
journal = {NCAR, Boulder, CO},<br />
author = {Wigley, Tom ML},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007,<br />
title = {Probabilistic temperature change projections and energy system implications of greenhouse gas emission scenarios},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and O'Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {936--961}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009,<br />
title = {Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 {C}},<br />
volume = {458},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7242},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Meinshausen, Nicolai and Hare, William and Raper, Sarah CB and Frieler, Katja and Knutti, Reto and Frame, David J and Allen, Myles R},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {1158--1162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006,<br />
title = {What does a 2 {C} target mean for greenhouse gas concentrations? {A} brief analysis based on multi-gas emission pathways and several climate sensitivity uncertainty estimates},<br />
volume = {270},<br />
journal = {Avoiding dangerous climate change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2006}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002,<br />
title = {Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations},<br />
volume = {295},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5552},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Forest, Chris E and Stone, Peter H and Sokolov, Andrei P and Allen, Myles R and Webster, Mort D},<br />
year = {2002},<br />
pages = {113--117}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011,<br />
title = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}: {Modeling} and policy applications},<br />
volume = {26},<br />
issn = {1364-8152},<br />
shorttitle = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815211001733},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012},<br />
number = {12},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modelling \& Software},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Bertok, Imrich and Borken-Kleefeld, Jens and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena and Klimont, Zbigniew and Nguyen, Binh and Posch, Maximilian and Rafaj, Peter and Sandler, Robert and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Wagner, Fabian and Winiwarter, Wilfried},<br />
month = dec,<br />
year = {2011},<br />
keywords = {Air pollution, Convention on Long-range transboundary air pollution, Cost-effectiveness, Decision support, GAINS model, Integrated assessment, Science–policy interface},<br />
pages = {1489--1501}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004,<br />
title = {Current {Legislation}” and the “{Maximum} {Technically} {Feasible} {Reduction}” cases for the {CAFE} baseline emission projections},<br />
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zbigniew_Klimont/publication/230709494_The_Current_Legislation_and_the_Maximum_Technically_Feasible_Reduction_cases_for_the_CAFE_baseline_emission_projections._CAFE_Report__2/links/0deec53cd2d778aafb000000.pdf},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {IIASA, Vienna},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Cabala, Rafal and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Klimont, Zbigniew and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Tarrason, Leonor and Simpson, David and Wind, Peter and Jonson, Jan-Eiof},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003,<br />
title = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0961-9534},<br />
shorttitle = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195340200185X},<br />
doi = {10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00185-X},<br />
abstract = {This paper discusses the contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply. The discussion is based on a review of 17 earlier studies on the subject. These studies have arrived at widely different conclusions about the possible contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply (e.g., from below 100 EJ yr−1 to above 400 EJ yr−1 in 2050). The major reason for the differences is that the two most crucial parameters—land availability and yield levels in energy crop production—are very uncertain, and subject to widely different opinions (e.g., the assessed 2050 plantation supply ranges from below 50 EJ yr−1 to almost 240 EJ yr−1). However, also the expectations about future availability of forest wood and of residues from agriculture and forestry vary substantially among the studies.<br />
<br />
The question how an expanding bioenergy sector would interact with other land uses, such as food production, biodiversity, soil and nature conservation, and carbon sequestration has been insufficiently analyzed in the studies. It is therefore difficult to establish to what extent bioenergy is an attractive option for climate change mitigation in the energy sector. A refined modeling of interactions between different uses and bioenergy, food and materials production—i.e., of competition for resources, and of synergies between different uses—would facilitate an improved understanding of the prospects for large-scale bioenergy and of future land-use and biomass management in general},<br />
number = {1},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
author = {Berndes, Göran and Hoogwijk, Monique and van den Broek, Richard},<br />
month = jul,<br />
year = {2003},<br />
keywords = {Assessment, Bioenergy, Biomass energy, Global, Potential, Regional, Review, Scenario},<br />
pages = {1--28}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009,<br />
title = {Assessing biofuels: towards sustainable production and use of resources},<br />
isbn = {92-807-3052-5},<br />
publisher = {United Nations Environment Programme},<br />
author = {Bringezu, Stefan and Schütz, Helmut and O’Brien, Meghan and Kauppi, Lea and Howarth, Robert W and McNeely, Jeff},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008,<br />
title = {Biomass assessment: assessment of global biomass potentials and their links to food, water, biodiversity, energy demand and economy: inventory and analysis of existing studies: supporting document},<br />
number = {500102 014},<br />
journal = {Report/WAB},<br />
author = {Dornburg, Veronika and Faaij, APC and Verweij, PA and Banse, Martin and Diepen, Kees van and Keulen, Herman van and Langeveld, Hans and Meeusen, Marieke and Ven, Gerrie van de and Wester, Flip},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008,<br />
title = {Local and global consequences of the {EU} renewable directive for biofuels: {Testing} the sustainability criteria},<br />
journal = {Local and global consequences of the EU renewable directive for biofuels: testing the sustainability criteria},<br />
author = {Eickhout, Bas and van den Born, Gert Jan and Notenboom, Jos and Oorschot, M van and Ros, JPM and Van Vuuren, DP and Westhoek, HJ},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009,<br />
title = {Can technology deliver on the yield challenge to 2050?},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/3/a-ak542e/ak542e12a.pdf},<br />
institution = {Expert Meeting on How to feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
author = {Fischer, RA and Byerlee, Derek and Edmeades, Gregory O},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011,<br />
title = {Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980–2010 period},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Granier, Claire and Bessagnet, Bertrand and Bond, Tami and D’Angiola, Ariela and van Der Gon, Hugo Denier and Frost, Gregory J and Heil, Angelika and Kaiser, Johannes W and Kinne, Stefan and Klimont, Zbigniew},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {163--190}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992,<br />
title = {Buying greenhouse insurance: the economic costs of carbon dioxide emission limits},<br />
isbn = {0-262-13280-X},<br />
publisher = {MIT press},<br />
author = {Manne, Alan Sussmann and Richels, Richard G},<br />
year = {1992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000,<br />
title = {MESSAGE–MACRO: linking an energy supply model with a macroeconomic module and solving it iteratively},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {267--282}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
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title = {Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models with a simpler model, {MAGICC}6–{Part} 1: {Model} description and calibration},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
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pages = {1417--1456}<br />
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issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
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author = {Sullivan, Patrick and Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
title = {Impacts of considering electric sector variability and reliability in the MESSAGE model},<br />
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year = {2013}<br />
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number = {7},<br />
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year = {2015},<br />
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title = {Scenarios of global anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and methane until 2030},<br />
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journal = {Atmospheric Environment},<br />
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year = {2007},<br />
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title = {Regional and global emissions of air pollutants: {Recent} trends and future scenarios},<br />
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journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},<br />
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@webpage{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013,<br />
Type = webpage<br />
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url = {https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/EPAactivities/MAC_Report_2013.pdf},<br />
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year = {2013}<br />
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title = {Emission {Database} for {Global} {Atmospheric} {Research} {EDGAR} v4.2},<br />
url = {http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=42},<br />
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year = {2011}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997,<br />
title = {An assessment of world hydrocarbon resources},<br />
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number = {1},<br />
journal = {Annual review of energy and the environment},<br />
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year = {1997},<br />
pages = {217--262}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016,<br />
title = {The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their Energy, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implications},<br />
volume = {in press},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Vuuren, Detlef P. van and Kriegler, Elmar and Edmonds, Jae and O’Neill, Brian and Fujimori, Shinichiro and Bauer, Nico and Calvin, Katherine and Dellink, Rob and Fricko, Oliver and Lutz, Wolfgang and Popp, Alexander and Cuaresma, Jesus Crespo and KC, Samir and Leimbach, Marian and Jiang, Leiwen and Kram, Tom and Rao, Shilpa and Emmerling, Johannes and Ebi, Kristie and Hasegawa, Tomoko and Havlik, Petr and Humpenöder, Florian and Silva, Lara Aleluia Da and Smith, Steve and Stehfest, Elke and Bosetti, Valentina and Eom, Jiyong and Gernaat, David and Masui, Toshihiko and Rogelj, Joeri and Strefler, Jessica and Drouet, Laurent and Krey, Volker and Luderer, Gunnar and Harmsen, Mathijs and Takahashi, Kiyoshi and Baumstark, Lavinia and Doelman, Jonathan and Kainuma, Mikiko and Klimont, Zbigniew and Marangoni, Giacomo and Lotze-Campen, Hermann and Obersteiner, Michael and Tabeau, Andrzej and Tavoni, Massimo},<br />
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title = {A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept of shared socioeconomic pathways},<br />
volume = {122},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Riahi, Keywan and Ebi, Kristie L and Hallegatte, Stephane and Carter, Timothy R and Mathur, Ritu and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014,<br />
title = {The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: {Population} scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {KC, Samir and Lutz, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015,<br />
title = {Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Dellink, Rob and Chateau, Jean and Lanzi, Elisa and Magné, Bertrand},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016,<br />
title = {A reduced-form approach for representing the impacts of wind and solar PV deployment on the structure and operation of the electricity system},<br />
author = {Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and McPherson, Madleine and Parkinson, Simon and Krey, Volker and Sullivan, Patrick},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014,<br />
title = {Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power},<br />
author = {Pietzcker, R. C. and Stetter, D. and Manger, S. and Luderer, G.}, <br />
journal = {Applied Energy}, <br />
volume = {135},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {704-720}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016,<br />
title = {An improved global wind resource estimate for integrated assessment models},<br />
author = {Eurek, K. and Sullivan, P. and Gleason, M. and Hettinger, D. and Heimiller, D.M. and Lopez, A.},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}} <br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016,<br />
title = {The marker quantification of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2: a middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {In press},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Havlik, Petr and Rogelj, Joeri and Klimont, Zbigniew and Gusti, Mykola and Johnson, Nils and Kolp, Peter and Strubegger, Manfred and Valin, Hugo and Amann, Markus and Ermolieva, Tatiana and Forsell, Nicklas and Herrero, Mario and Heyes, Chris and Kindermann, Georg and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David L. and Obersteiner, Michael and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and Schmid, Erwin and Schoepp, Wolfgang and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012,<br />
title = {World {Development} {Indicators} 2012},<br />
isbn = {0-8213-8985-8},<br />
publisher = {World Bank Publications},<br />
author = {{World Bank Group}},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010,<br />
title = {World Population Projection},<br />
author = {UN Population Division},<br />
institution = {UN},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012,<br />
title = {Energy Balances},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014,<br />
title = {World {Energy} {Outlook} 2014},<br />
url = {http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2014/},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003,<br />
author = {{OECD} and {NEA}},<br />
title = {Uranium 2003: Resources, Production and Demand},<br />
institution = {{OECD/NEA}},<br />
number = {NEA-05291},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015,<br />
author = {Benjamin D. Leibowicz},<br />
title = {Growth and competition in renewable energy industries: Insights from an integrated assessment model with strategic firms},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {52, Part A},<br />
pages = {13 - 25},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.09.010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012,<br />
author = {Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle},<br />
title = {World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision},<br />
institution = {FAO},<br />
number = {12-03},<br />
type = {ESA Working Paper},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005,<br />
author = {Bouwman, A.F. and der Hoek, K.W. Van and Eickhout, B. and Soenario, I.},<br />
title = {Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {84},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {121 - 153},<br />
keywords = {Livestock production},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4D1R2W8-1/2/03e2156d5e708f1dd8a94eded7badddc},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004,<br />
author = {Conant, Richard T. and Paustian, Keith},<br />
title = {Grassland Management Activity Data: Current Sources and Future Needs},<br />
journal = {Environmental Management},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {467-473},<br />
keywords = {Soil carbon sequestration Grasslands Management activity data},<br />
issn = {0364-152X},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9104-7},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012,<br />
author = {EPA},<br />
title = {US Environmental Protection Agency Global Emissions Database},<br />
institution = {US Environmental Protection Agency},<br />
url = {http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011,<br />
author = {Fritz, Steffen and See, Linda and McCallum, Ian and Schill, Christian and Obersteiner, Michael and van der Velde, Marijn and Boettcher, Hannes and Havlík, Petr and Achard, Frédéric},<br />
title = {Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {6},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {044005},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/6/i=4/a=044005},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Havlik, P. and Valin, H. and Rufino, M.C. and Notenbaert, A.M.O. and Thornton, P.K. and Blummel, M. and Weiss, F. and Obertsteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Global livestock systems: biomass use, production, feed efficiencies and greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
type = {Journal Article},<br />
volume = {110},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {52},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {20888--20893}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R. and Reid, R.S.},<br />
title = {Systems dynamics and the spatial distribution of methane emissions from African domestic ruminants to 2030},<br />
journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems \& Environment},<br />
volume = {126},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
pages = {122 - 137},<br />
keywords = {Methane},<br />
issn = {0167-8809},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880908000121},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005,<br />
author = {Keyzer, M.A. and Merbis, M.D. and Pavel, I.F.P.W. and van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A.},<br />
title = {Diet shifts towards meat and the effects on cereal use: can we feed the animals in 2030?},<br />
journal = {Ecological Economics},<br />
volume = {55},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {187-202},<br />
keywords = {Cereal feed demand, Dietary change, Food consumption pattern, Land use, Meat demand},<br />
issn = {0921-8009},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004100},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. and Obersteiner, M. and Sohngen, B. and Sathaye, J. and Andrasko, K. and Rametsteiner, E. and Schlamadinger, B. and Wunder, S. and Beach, R.},<br />
title = {Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
volume = {105},<br />
number = {30},<br />
pages = {10302},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980,<br />
author = {McCarl, Bruce A. and Spreen, Thomas H.},<br />
title = {Price Endogenous Mathematical Programming as a Tool for Sector Analysis},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
volume = {62},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {87-102},<br />
issn = {00029092},<br />
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1239475},<br />
year = {1980},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005,<br />
author = {Mitchell, Timothy D. and Jones, Philip D.},<br />
title = {An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
number = {6},<br />
pages = {693-712},<br />
keywords = {climate, observations, grids, homogeneity, temperature, precipitation, vapour, cloud},<br />
issn = {1097-0088},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1181},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011,<br />
author = {Muhammad, A. and Seale, J. and Meade, B. and Regmi, A.},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1929},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012,<br />
author = {O’Neill, B.C. and Carter, T.R. and Ebi, K.L. and Edmonds, J. and Hallegatte, S. and Kemp-Benedict, E. and Kriegler, E. and Mearns, L. and Moss, R. and Riahi, K. and van Ruijven, B. and van Vuuren, D.},<br />
title = {Meeting Report of the Workshop on The Nature and Use of New Socioeconomic Pathways for Climate Change Research},<br />
institution = {NCAR},<br />
month = {November 2-4, 2011},<br />
url = {http://www.isp.ucar.edu/socio-economic-pathways},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987,<br />
author = {Parton, WJ and Schimel, DS and Ojima, DS and Cole, CV},<br />
title = {Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grasslands},<br />
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {5},<br />
pages = {1173-1179},<br />
year = {1987},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993,<br />
author = {Parton, W. J. and Scurlock, J. M. O. and Ojima, D. S. and Gilmanov, T. G. and Scholes, R. J. and Schimel, D. S. and Kirchner, T. and Menaut, J. C. and Seastedt, T. and Moya, E. G. and Kamnalrut, A. and Kinyamario, J. I.},<br />
title = {Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic-matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
pages = {785-809},<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008,<br />
author = {Ramankutty, N. and Evan, A.T. and Monfreda, C. and Foley, J.A.},<br />
title = {Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {1-19},<br />
issn = {0886-6236},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000,<br />
author = {Reynolds, CA and Jackson, TJ and Rawls, WJ},<br />
title = {Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions},<br />
journal = {Water Resources Research},<br />
volume = {36},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {3653-3662},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008,<br />
author = {Ruesch, Aaron and Gibbs, Holly K.},<br />
title = {New IPCC Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon Map For the Year 2000},<br />
institution = {Oak Ridge National Laboratory},<br />
type = {Available online from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center},<br />
url = {http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/global_carbon/carbon_documentation.html},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007,<br />
author = {Russ, P. and Wiesenthal, T. and van Regemorter, D. and Ciscar, J.C.},<br />
title = {Global Climate Policy Scenarios for 2030 and beyond: Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Pathway Scenarios with the POLES and GEME3 Models},<br />
journal = {Institute for Prospective technological Studies, October},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999,<br />
author = {Schloss, A. L. and Kicklighter, D. W. and Kaduk, J. and Wittenberg, U. and (The Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Comparison)},<br />
title = {Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): comparison of NPP to climate and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)},<br />
journal = {Global Change Biology},<br />
volume = {5},<br />
number = {S1},<br />
pages = {25-34},<br />
keywords = {NPP, global, model, climate, NDVI, seasonal},<br />
issn = {1365-2486},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00004.x},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007,<br />
author = {Schneider, Uwe A. and McCarl, Bruce A. and Schmid, Erwin},<br />
title = {Agricultural sector analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation in US agriculture and forestry},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {128 - 140},<br />
keywords = {Abatement function},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X06001028},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003,<br />
author = {Seale, James and Regmi, Anita and Bernstein, Jason},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1904},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
month = {October},<br />
url = {http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/InternationalFoodDemand/},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996,<br />
author = {Seré, C. and Steinfeld, H.},<br />
title = {World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organisation},<br />
number = {127},<br />
type = {Animal and Health Paper},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6101E/X6101E00.HTM},<br />
year = {1996},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008,<br />
author = {Skalsky, R. and Tarasovicova, Z. and Balkovic, J. and Schmid, E. and Fuchs, M. and Moltchanova, E. and Kindermann, G. and Scholtz, P.},<br />
title = {Geo-bene global database for bio-physical modeling v.1.0. Concepts, methodologies and data.Technical Report},<br />
institution = {IIASA},<br />
month = {accessed 13.03.09},<br />
url = {http://www.geo-bene.eu/?q=node/1734S},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971,<br />
author = {Takayama, T. and Judge, G.G.},<br />
title = {Spatial and temporal price and allocation models},<br />
publisher = {North-Holland Amsterdam},<br />
year = {1971},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013,<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Salvatore, Mirella and Rossi, Simone and Ferrara, Alessandro and Fitton, Nuala and Smith, Pete},<br />
title = {The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {015009},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/8/i=1/a=015009},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995,<br />
author = {Williams, J.R. and Singh, VP},<br />
title = {The EPIC model},<br />
journal = {Computer models of watershed hydrology},<br />
pages = {909-1000},<br />
year = {1995},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007,<br />
author = {Wint, W. and Robinson, T.},<br />
title = {Gridded livestock of the world 2007},<br />
publisher = {FAO},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006,<br />
author = {You, Liangzhi and Wood, Stanley},<br />
title = {An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {90},<br />
number = {1-3},<br />
pages = {329 - 347},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4JKYWM1-1/2/381253576eb09660fc9860c6c8bb8e1f},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006,<br />
author = {Izaurralde, R. C. and Williams, J. R. and McGill, W. B. and Rosenberg, N. J. and Jakas, M. C. Q.},<br />
title = {Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data},<br />
journal = {Ecological Modelling},<br />
volume = {192},<br />
number = {3-4},<br />
pages = {362-384},<br />
keywords = {Climate change<br />
Soil C model<br />
Soil carbon sequestration<br />
Tillage<br />
Water erosion<br />
Wind erosion},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31944437556&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{sauer_agriculture_2008,<br />
author = {Sauer, T. and Havlík, P. and Kindermann, G. and Schneider, U.A. . },<br />
title = {Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a changing World - the Role of Irrigation},<br />
institution = {Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management.},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. E. and McCallum, I. and Fritz, S. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {A global forest growing stock, biomass and carbon map based on FAO statistics},<br />
journal = {Silva Fennica},<br />
volume = {42},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {387-396},<br />
keywords = {Biomass map<br />
Downscaling<br />
Regression analysis},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46249088682&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005,<br />
author = {Biomass Technology Group},<br />
title = {Handbook Biomass Gasification},<br />
publisher = {H.A.M. Knoef. ISBN: 90-810068-1-9},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007,<br />
author = {Rametsteiner, E and Nilsson, S and Böttcher, H and Havlik, P and Kraxner, F and Leduc, S and Obersteiner, M and Rydzak, F and Schneider, U and Schwab, D and Willmore, L},<br />
title = {Study of the Effects of Globalization on the Economic Viability of EU Forestry. Final Report of the AGRI Tender Project: AGRI-G4-2006-06 [2007]. EC Contract Number 30-CE-0097579/00-89},<br />
institution = {EC/IIASA},<br />
url = {http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/viability_forestry/index_en.htm},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001,<br />
author = {Hamelinck, C.N. and Faaij, A.P.C.},<br />
title = {Future Prospects for Production of Methanol and Hydrogen from Biomass},<br />
institution = {Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Science Technology and Society},<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008,<br />
author = {Leduc, S. and Schwab, D. and Dotzauer, E. and Schmid, E. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},<br />
volume = {32},<br />
pages = {1080--1091 [2008]},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005,<br />
author = {Sørensen, A. L.},<br />
title = {Economies of Scale in Biomass Gasification Systems},<br />
institution = {IIASA },<br />
number = {Interim Report IR-05-030},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993,<br />
author = {Carpentieri, A. E. and Larson, E. D. and Woods, J.},<br />
title = {Future biomass-based electricity supply in Northeast Brazil},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
volume = {4},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {149-173},<br />
keywords = {bagasse<br />
Biomass electricity<br />
Brazil<br />
gas turbine<br />
gasifier<br />
plantations},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027382662&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008,<br />
author = {Herzogbaum, GmbH},<br />
title = {Forstpflanzen-Preisliste 2008. HERZOG.BAUM Samen & Pflanzen GmbH. Koaserbauerstr. 10, A - 4810 Gmunden. Austria (also available at www.energiehoelzer.at)},<br />
institution = {Herzogbaum GmbH},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997,<br />
author = {Jurvélius, Mike},<br />
title = {Labor-intensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern Philippines. Forest harvesting case -study 9. RAP Publication: 1997/41},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007,<br />
author = {ILO},<br />
title = {Occupational Wages and Hours of Work and Retail Food Prices, Statistics from the ILO October Inquiry},<br />
institution = {International Labor Organisation},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999,<br />
author = {FPP},<br />
title = {Holzernte in der Durchforstung; Leistungszahlen Kosten - OeBF Seiltabelle Sortimentverfahren (SKM-TAB)},<br />
institution = {Kooperationsabkommen Forst-Platte-Papier},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007,<br />
author = {Jiroušek, R. and Klvač, R. and Skoupý, A.},<br />
title = {Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations},<br />
journal = {Journal of Forest Science},<br />
volume = {53},<br />
number = {10},<br />
pages = {476-482},<br />
keywords = {Average tree volume<br />
Harvester<br />
Hauling distance<br />
Payload},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448931938&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986,<br />
author = {Stokes, B. J. and Frederick, D. J. and Curtin, D. T.},<br />
title = {Field trials of a short-rotation biomass feller buncher and selected harvesting systems},<br />
journal = {Biomass},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {185-204},<br />
keywords = {Biomass<br />
harvesting<br />
production<br />
yield},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0022984004&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1986},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004,<br />
author = {Wang, J. and Long, C. and McNeel, J. and Baumgras, J.},<br />
title = {Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {54},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {45-51},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844274724&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001,<br />
author = {Hartsough, B. R. and Zhang, X. and Fight, R. D.},<br />
title = {Harvesting cost model for small trees in natural stands in the Interior Northwest},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {54-61},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035306334&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006,<br />
author = {Heston, A. and Summers, R. and Aten, B.},<br />
title = {Penn World Table Version 6.2},<br />
institution = {Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. September 2006. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt62/pwt62_form.php},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5649Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-18T07:55:38Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Air pollution and health<br />
}}<br />
Assessing potential future air pollution emissions across the SSPs, it can be concluded that SSP1 and SSP5 show the most rapid emissions reductions than the other SSPs due to more effective pollution control and lower intensity for fossil fuels. SSP3 shows a consistent decline throughout the century, which is however less sharp than the reduction presented by SSP1 and SSP5. SSP3, due to larger projected population growth and relatively more slow and heterogeneous economic growth, results in an increase in emissions until 2030, and through a slight post-2030 decline end in only slightly lower emissions levels than the current ones by 2100. <br />
<br />
Mitigation scenarios bring co-benefits in terms of air pollutant emission reductions. The largest emissions reductions can be seen for the SSP3 scenario, which has the highest baseline emissions, and the lowest for SSP1/SSP5. In terms of pollutants, SO2 and NOx emissions result in the largest reductions, whereas BC emissions do not decline as much - this can mainly be attributed to assumptions on fuel-substitution in the residential sector. (Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])<br />
<br />
Figure x presents the differences of emissions reductions between the different SSPs for both a reference case as well as for mitigation scenarios.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_ther"><br />
[[File:Rao et al SSP air pollution.jpg|left|678px|thumb|<caption>Emissions of SO2, NOX and BC in SSP marker baselines (Ref) and 4.5 (labeled as 45) and 2.6 (labeled as 26) W/m2 climate mitigation cases. Shaded area indicates range of total emissions from RCP scenario range from (van Vuuren et al., 2011a). Assessment Report (AR5) range refers to the full range of scenarios reviewed in the [https://tntcat.iiasa.ac.at/AR5DB/ Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)] of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); Historical values are derived from (Lamarque et al., 2010); Colored bars indicate the range of all models (markers and non-markers) in 2100. (Rao et al, 2016)</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Rao_et_al_SSP_air_pollution.jpg&diff=5647File:Rao et al SSP air pollution.jpg2016-10-17T16:23:30Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5646Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T16:22:35Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Air pollution and health<br />
}}<br />
Assessing potential future air pollution emissions across the SSPs, it can be concluded that SSP1 and SSP5 show the most rapid emissions reductions than the other SSPs due to more effective pollution control and lower intensity for fossil fuels. SSP3 shows a consistent decline throughout the century, which is however less sharp than the reduction presented by SSP1 and SSP5. SSP3, due to larger projected population growth and relatively more slow and heterogeneous economic growth, results in an increase in emissions until 2030, and through a slight post-2030 decline end in only slightly lower emissions levels than the current ones by 2100. <br />
<br />
Mitigation scenarios bring co-benefits in terms of air pollutant emission reductions. The largest emissions reductions can be seen for the SSP3 scenario, which has the highest baseline emissions, and the lowest for SSP1/SSP5. In terms of pollutants, SO2 and NOx emissions result in the largest reductions, whereas BC emissions do not decline as much - this can mainly be attributed to assumptions on fuel-substitution in the residential sector.<br />
<br />
Figure x presents the differences of emissions reductions between the different SSPs for both a reference case as well as for mitigation scenarios.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
(Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Appendices_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5624Appendices - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T14:10:15Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Appendices<br />
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|HasSeq=9<br />
|HasParent=Model Documentation_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
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For information on the mathematical formulation of MESSAGE and MACRO, please visit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/message_globiom/annex/index.html IIASA's MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation].</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5606Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T13:39:14Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|DocumentationCategory=Land-use<br />
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|HasParent=Model Documentation_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
Land-use dynamics are modelled with the GLOBIOM (GLobal BIOsphere Management) model, which is a recursive-dynamic partial-equilibrium model (Havlík et al., 2011 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011]]; Havlík et al., 2014 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014]]). GLOBIOM represents the competition between different land-use based activities. It includes a bottom-up representation of the agricultural, forestry and bio-energy sector, which allows for the inclusion of detailed grid-cell information on biophysical constraints and technological costs, as well as a rich set of environmental parameters, incl. comprehensive AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land use) GHG emission accounts and irrigation water use. Its spatial equilibrium modelling approach represents bilateral trade based on cost competitiveness. For spatially explicit projections of the change in afforestation, deforestation, forest management, and their related CO2 emissions, GLOBIOM is coupled with the G4M (Global FORest Model) model (Kindermann et al., 2006 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006]]; Kindermann et al., 2008 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008]]; Gusti, 2010 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010]]). The spatially explicit G4M model compares the income of managed forest (difference of wood price and harvesting costs, income by storing carbon in forests) with income by alternative land use on the same place, and decides on afforestation, deforestation or alternative management options. As outputs, G4M provides estimates of forest area change, carbon uptake and release by forests, and supply of biomass for bioenergy and timber. (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]])<br />
<br />
As a partial equilibrium model representing land-use based activities, including agriculture, forestry and bioenergy sectors, GLOBIOM is built following a bottom-up setting based on detailed gridcell information, providing the biophysical and technical cost information. Production adjusts to meet the demand at the level of 30 economic regions. International trade representation is based on the spatial equilibrium modelling approach, where individual regions trade with each other based purely on cost competitiveness because goods are assumed to be homogenous (Takayama and Judge 1971 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971]]; Schneider, McCarl et al. 2007 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007]]). Market equilibrium is determined through mathematical optimization which allocates land and other resources to maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus (McCarl and Spreen 1980 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980]]). As in other partial equilibrium models, prices are endogenous. The model is run recursively dynamic with a 10 year time step, along a baseline going from 2000 to 2100. The model is solved using a linear programming simplex solver and can be run on a personal computer with the GAMS software.<br />
<br />
For more information about the land-use part of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, please visit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/message_globiom/land_use/index.html IIASA's MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation].</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5601Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T13:29:38Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|DocumentationCategory=Land-use<br />
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}}<br />
Land-use dynamics are modelled with the GLOBIOM (GLobal BIOsphere Management) model, which is a recursive-dynamic partial-equilibrium model (Havlík et al., 2011 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011]]; Havlík et al., 2014 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014]]). GLOBIOM represents the competition between different land-use based activities. It includes a bottom-up representation of the agricultural, forestry and bio-energy sector, which allows for the inclusion of detailed grid-cell information on biophysical constraints and technological costs, as well as a rich set of environmental parameters, incl. comprehensive AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land use) GHG emission accounts and irrigation water use. Its spatial equilibrium modelling approach represents bilateral trade based on cost competitiveness. For spatially explicit projections of the change in afforestation, deforestation, forest management, and their related CO2 emissions, GLOBIOM is coupled with the G4M (Global FORest Model) model (Kindermann et al., 2006 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006]]; Kindermann et al., 2008 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008]]; Gusti, 2010 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010]]). The spatially explicit G4M model compares the income of managed forest (difference of wood price and harvesting costs, income by storing carbon in forests) with income by alternative land use on the same place, and decides on afforestation, deforestation or alternative management options. As outputs, G4M provides estimates of forest area change, carbon uptake and release by forests, and supply of biomass for bioenergy and timber. (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]])<br />
<br />
As a partial equilibrium model representing land-use based activities, including agriculture, forestry and bioenergy sectors, GLOBIOM is built following a bottom-up setting based on detailed gridcell information, providing the biophysical and technical cost information. Production adjusts to meet the demand at the level of 30 economic regions. International trade representation is based on the spatial equilibrium modelling approach, where individual regions trade with each other based purely on cost competitiveness because goods are assumed to be homogenous (Takayama and Judge 1971 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971]]; Schneider, McCarl et al. 2007 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007]]). Market equilibrium is determined through mathematical optimization which allocates land and other resources to maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus (McCarl and Spreen 1980 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980]]). As in other partial equilibrium models, prices are endogenous. The model is run recursively dynamic with a 10 year time step, along a baseline going from 2000 to 2100. The model is solved using a linear programming simplex solver and can be run on a personal computer with the GAMS software.<br />
<br />
For more information about the land-use part of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, please visit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/ IIASA's MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation].</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5600Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T13:28:06Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Land-use<br />
|HasLevel=1<br />
|HasSeq=5<br />
|HasParent=Model Documentation_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
Land-use dynamics are modelled with the GLOBIOM (GLobal BIOsphere Management) model, which is a recursive-dynamic partial-equilibrium model (Havlík et al., 2011 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011]]; Havlík et al., 2014 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014]]). GLOBIOM represents the competition between different land-use based activities. It includes a bottom-up representation of the agricultural, forestry and bio-energy sector, which allows for the inclusion of detailed grid-cell information on biophysical constraints and technological costs, as well as a rich set of environmental parameters, incl. comprehensive AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land use) GHG emission accounts and irrigation water use. Its spatial equilibrium modelling approach represents bilateral trade based on cost competitiveness. For spatially explicit projections of the change in afforestation, deforestation, forest management, and their related CO2 emissions, GLOBIOM is coupled with the G4M (Global FORest Model) model (Kindermann et al., 2006 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006]]; Kindermann et al., 2008 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008]]; Gusti, 2010 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010]]). The spatially explicit G4M model compares the income of managed forest (difference of wood price and harvesting costs, income by storing carbon in forests) with income by alternative land use on the same place, and decides on afforestation, deforestation or alternative management options. As outputs, G4M provides estimates of forest area change, carbon uptake and release by forests, and supply of biomass for bioenergy and timber. (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]])<br />
<br />
As a partial equilibrium model representing land-use based activities, including agriculture, forestry and bioenergy sectors (see <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_landuse_product_structure"/>), GLOBIOM is built following a bottom-up setting based on detailed gridcell information, providing the biophysical and technical cost information. Production adjusts to meet the demand at the level of 30 economic regions (see list of the regions in '''Table S2'''). International trade representation is based on the spatial equilibrium modelling approach, where individual regions trade with each other based purely on cost competitiveness because goods are assumed to be homogenous (Takayama and Judge 1971 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971]]; Schneider, McCarl et al. 2007 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007]]). Market equilibrium is determined through mathematical optimization which allocates land and other resources to maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus (McCarl and Spreen 1980 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980]]). As in other partial equilibrium models, prices are endogenous. The model is run recursively dynamic with a 10 year time step, along a baseline going from 2000 to 2100. The model is solved using a linear programming simplex solver and can be run on a personal computer with the GAMS software.<br />
<br />
For more information about the land-use part of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, please visit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/ IIASA's MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation].</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5597Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T13:22:25Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
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Land-use dynamics are modelled with the GLOBIOM (GLobal BIOsphere Management) model, which is a recursive-dynamic partial-equilibrium model (Havlík et al., 2011 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011]]; Havlík et al., 2014 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014]]). GLOBIOM represents the competition between different land-use based activities. It includes a bottom-up representation of the agricultural, forestry and bio-energy sector, which allows for the inclusion of detailed grid-cell information on biophysical constraints and technological costs, as well as a rich set of environmental parameters, incl. comprehensive AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land use) GHG emission accounts and irrigation water use. Its spatial equilibrium modelling approach represents bilateral trade based on cost competitiveness. For spatially explicit projections of the change in afforestation, deforestation, forest management, and their related CO2 emissions, GLOBIOM is coupled with the G4M (Global FORest Model) model (Kindermann et al., 2006 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006]]; Kindermann et al., 2008 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008]]; Gusti, 2010 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010]]). The spatially explicit G4M model compares the income of managed forest (difference of wood price and harvesting costs, income by storing carbon in forests) with income by alternative land use on the same place, and decides on afforestation, deforestation or alternative management options. As outputs, G4M provides estimates of forest area change, carbon uptake and release by forests, and supply of biomass for bioenergy and timber. (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]])<br />
<br />
As a partial equilibrium model representing land-use based activities, including agriculture, forestry and bioenergy sectors (see <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_landuse_product_structure"/>), GLOBIOM is built following a bottom-up setting based on detailed gridcell information, providing the biophysical and technical cost information. Production adjusts to meet the demand at the level of 30 economic regions (see list of the regions in '''Table S2'''). International trade representation is based on the spatial equilibrium modelling approach, where individual regions trade with each other based purely on cost competitiveness because goods are assumed to be homogenous (Takayama and Judge 1971 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971]]; Schneider, McCarl et al. 2007 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007]]). Market equilibrium is determined through mathematical optimization which allocates land and other resources to maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus (McCarl and Spreen 1980 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980]]). As in other partial equilibrium models, prices are endogenous. The model is run recursively dynamic with a 10 year time step, along a baseline going from 2000 to 2100. The model is solved using a linear programming simplex solver and can be run on a personal computer with the GAMS software.<br />
<br />
For more information about the land-use part of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, please vistit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/ IIASA's MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation].<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_landuse_product_structure"><br />
[[File:GLOBIOM_land_use_product_structure.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>GLOBIOM land use and product structure</caption>]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5590Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-17T12:58:25Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
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Land-use dynamics are modelled with the GLOBIOM (GLobal BIOsphere Management) model, which is a recursive-dynamic partial-equilibrium model (Havlík et al., 2011 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011]]; Havlík et al., 2014 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014]]). GLOBIOM represents the competition between different land-use based activities. It includes a bottom-up representation of the agricultural, forestry and bio-energy sector, which allows for the inclusion of detailed grid-cell information on biophysical constraints and technological costs, as well as a rich set of environmental parameters, incl. comprehensive AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land use) GHG emission accounts and irrigation water use. Its spatial equilibrium modelling approach represents bilateral trade based on cost competitiveness. For spatially explicit projections of the change in afforestation, deforestation, forest management, and their related CO2 emissions, GLOBIOM is coupled with the G4M (Global FORest Model) model (Kindermann et al., 2006 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006]]; Kindermann et al., 2008 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008]]; Gusti, 2010 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010]]). The spatially explicit G4M model compares the income of managed forest (difference of wood price and harvesting costs, income by storing carbon in forests) with income by alternative land use on the same place, and decides on afforestation, deforestation or alternative management options. As outputs, G4M provides estimates of forest area change, carbon uptake and release by forests, and supply of biomass for bioenergy and timber. (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]])<br />
<br />
As a partial equilibrium model representing land-use based activities, including agriculture, forestry and bioenergy sectors (see <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_landuse_product_structure"/>), GLOBIOM is built following a bottom-up setting based on detailed gridcell information, providing the biophysical and technical cost information. Production adjusts to meet the demand at the level of 30 economic regions (see list of the regions in '''Table S2'''). International trade representation is based on the spatial equilibrium modelling approach, where individual regions trade with each other based purely on cost competitiveness because goods are assumed to be homogenous (Takayama and Judge 1971 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971]]; Schneider, McCarl et al. 2007 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007]]). Market equilibrium is determined through mathematical optimization which allocates land and other resources to maximize the sum of consumer and producer surplus (McCarl and Spreen 1980 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980]]). As in other partial equilibrium models, prices are endogenous. The model is run recursively dynamic with a 10 year time step, along a baseline going from 2000 to 2100. The model is solved using a linear programming simplex solver and can be run on a personal computer with the GAMS software.<br />
<br />
For more information about the land-use part of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM, please vistit [http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at/message-globiom/ |IIASA's the MESSAGE-GLOBIOM documentation]<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_landuse_product_structure"><br />
[[File:GLOBIOM_land_use_product_structure.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>GLOBIOM land use and product structure</caption>]]<br />
</figure> <br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5504Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T17:05:26Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
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Despite efforts to control atmospheric pollutant emissions, ambient air quality remains a major concern in many parts of the world. Air pollution has significant negative impacts on human health. More than 80% of the world’s population is exposed to pollutant concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended levels and around 3.6 million deaths can be attributed to ambient air pollution with another 4 million from household related sources. Moreover, air pollution can alter ecosystems, damage buildings and monuments, as well as influence earth’s energy balance and therefore climate change. <br />
<br />
Policies to control the adverse impacts of air pollution are numerous and regionally diverse. They are generally aimed at avoiding exceeding specified targets for concentration levels (for example, sulfur-di-oxide, ozone, and particulate matter) but goals for ecosystem protection (e.g., from acidification and eutrophication) have also been pursued in several regions. Pollution targets are periodically revised at both the global level (e.g. WHO) and by national and regional bodies. Levels of pollution control are also often different across sectors. <br />
<br />
All these complexities within current integrated scenarios cannot be captured and therefore the approach is simplified by identifying three characteristics for air pollution narratives:<br />
<br />
1. Pollution control targets (e.g. concentration standards), which we specify relative to those in current OECD countries.<br />
2. The speed at which developing countries ‘catch up’ with these levels and effectiveness of policies in current OECD countries.<br />
3. The pathways for pollution control technologies, including the technological frontier that represents best practice values at a given time.<br />
<br />
Based on these characteristics, three alternative assumptions for future pollution controls (strong, medium and weak) were developed, which are further mapped to specific SSP scenarios.<br />
<br />
In order to quantify the levels of AP control stringency, a global dataset of emission factors derived from the GAINS model is provided. This dataset reflects recent developments in the air pollution legislation across the world and draws on data collection, model evaluation, and discussion with air quality policy, measurement and modeling communities; in particular work on the revision of the European Union National Emission Ceiling Directive, the UNECE LRTAP Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP), UNEP Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone assessment, as well as various ongoing EU funded initiatives.<br />
<br />
The projections of emission factor trajectories up to 2030 have been derived based on the World Energy Outlook (WEO) 2011 baseline scenario [2] implemented in the GAINS model. While the documentation of these recent emission scenarios is under preparation, the data has been made available to the modeling community via [www.geiacenter.org GEIA/ECCAD] and [http://eclipse.nilu.no/ ECLIPSE] web portals. Furthermore, the similar dataset (based on the WEO 2009 ([3]) developed with GAINS has been documented in the past and subsequently applied to a number of studies. <br />
<br />
The quantitative guidance is based on on a dataset of regional emission factors (i.e., emissions per unit of energy) for energy-related combustion and transformation sectors until 2030 based on current policies and technological options derived from the GAINS model. This dataset includes emission factors for 26 world regions for sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), organic carbon (OC), black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic carbons (NMVOC), and ammonia (NH3) from all energy combustion and process sources. <br />
<br />
(Rao et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016]])</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=References_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5503References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T17:02:08Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
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<div style="float:right"><br />
{{#referencelist:<br />
|references=MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016; MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016;MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010;MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009;MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010;MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005;MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997;MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010;MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013;MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008;MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995;MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009;MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000;MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004;MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006;MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008;MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006;MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002;MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011;MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004;MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003;MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009;MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008;MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008;MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009;MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011;MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992;MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000;MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007;MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999;MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012;MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013;MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007;MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003;MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006;MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008;MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007;MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010;MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999;MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012;MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995;MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007;MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996;MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008;MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004;MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015;MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011;MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014;MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006;MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013;MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015;MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013;MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011;MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997;MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016;MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014;MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014;MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015;MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016;MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014;MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016;MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012;MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014;MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003;MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015;MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012;MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005;MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012;MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010;MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011;MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013;MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008;MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008;MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980;MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005;MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011;MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012;MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987;MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993;MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008;MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000;MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008;MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007;MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999;MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007;MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003;MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996;MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008;MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971;MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013;MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995;MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007;MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006;MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006;MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008;MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005;MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007;MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001;MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008;MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005;MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993;MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008;MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997;MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007;MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999;MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007;MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986;MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004;MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001;MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006|+sep=;<br />
|browselinks=yes<br />
|columns=2<br />
|header=List<br />
|listtype=ul<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_future_2016,<br />
title = {Future air pollution in the Shared Socio-economic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Klimont, Zbigniew and Smith, Steven J and Van Dingenen, Rita and Dentener, Frank and Bouwman, Lex and Riahi, Keywan and Amann, Markus and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016,<br />
title = {Energy sector water use implications of a 2° {C} climate policy},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Parkinson, Simon C and Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and van Vliet, Michelle TH and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {034011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016,<br />
title = {Policy trade-offs between climate mitigation and clean cook-stove access in South Asia},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
issn = {2058-7546},<br />
journal = {Nature Energy},<br />
author = {Cameron, Colin and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Narasimha D and McCollum, David and Rogelj, Joeri and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {15010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010,<br />
title = {Short term decisions for long term problems–The effect of foresight on model based energy systems analysis},<br />
volume = {35},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2033--2042}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009,<br />
title = {Implications of delayed participation and technology failure for the feasibility, costs, and likelihood of staying below temperature targets—Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {31},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
author = {Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {S94--S106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010,<br />
title = {Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options},<br />
volume = {107},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan and Keppo, Ilkka},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {1011--1016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005,<br />
title = {Structural change in energy use},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Schäfer, Andreas},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
pages = {429--437}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997,<br />
title = {Endogenized technological learning in an energy systems model},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
issn = {0936-9937},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {291--313}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010,<br />
title = {Determinants of household energy consumption in India},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Ekholm, Tommi and Krey, Volker and Pachauri, Shonali and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {5696--5707}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013,<br />
title = {Pathways to achieve universal household access to modern energy by 2030},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Pachauri, Shonali and van Ruijven, Bas J and Nagai, Yu and Riahi, Keywan and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Brew-Hammond, Abeeku and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {024015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012,<br />
title = {Chapter 7 - Energy resources and potentials},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
author = {Rogner, H and Aguilera, Roberto F and Archer, Christina and Bertani, Ruggero and Bhattacharya, S and Dusseault, M and Gagnon, Luc and Harbel, H and Hoogwijk, Monique and Johnson, Arthur},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {423--512}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004,<br />
type = {report},<br />
title = {On the global and regional potential of renewable energy sources (PhD Thesis)},<br />
institution = {Department of Science, Technology and Society. Utrecht University},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique Maria},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008,<br />
title = {Global potential of renewable energy sources: a literature assessment},<br />
journal = {Background report prepared by order of REN21. Ecofys, PECSNL072975},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique and Graus, Wina},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995,<br />
title = {Diffusion and learning curves of renewable-energy technologies},<br />
issn = {0304-7121},<br />
journal = {IIASA Report},<br />
author = {Christiansson, Lena},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007,<br />
title = {Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000–2080},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Fischer, Günther},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1030--1056}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009,<br />
title = {Future bio-energy potential under various natural constraints},<br />
volume = {37},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {11},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and van Vliet, Jasper and Stehfest, Elke},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {4220--4230}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Larson, Eric D. and Li, Zheng and Williams, Robert H.},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {901--992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000,<br />
title = {Greenhouse gas emissions in a dynamics-as-usual scenario of economic and energy development},<br />
volume = {63},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Roehrl, R Alexander},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {175--205}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004,<br />
title = {Prospects for carbon capture and sequestration technologies assuming their technological learning},<br />
volume = {29},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {9},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rubin, Edward S and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
pages = {1309--1318}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006,<br />
title = {The Role of Non-CO₃ Greenhouse Gases in Climate Change Mitigation: Long-term Scenarios for the 21st Century},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {177--200}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {{RCP} 8.5—{A} scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rao, Shilpa and Krey, Volker and Cho, Cheolhung and Chirkov, Vadim and Fischer, Guenther and Kindermann, Georg and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Rafaj, Peter},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {33--57}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of long-term socio-economic and environmental development under climate stabilization},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Grübler, Arnulf and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {887--935}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008,<br />
title = {{MAGICC}/{SCENGEN} 5.3: {User} manual (version 2)},<br />
volume = {80},<br />
journal = {NCAR, Boulder, CO},<br />
author = {Wigley, Tom ML},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007,<br />
title = {Probabilistic temperature change projections and energy system implications of greenhouse gas emission scenarios},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and O'Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {936--961}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009,<br />
title = {Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 {C}},<br />
volume = {458},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7242},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Meinshausen, Nicolai and Hare, William and Raper, Sarah CB and Frieler, Katja and Knutti, Reto and Frame, David J and Allen, Myles R},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {1158--1162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006,<br />
title = {What does a 2 {C} target mean for greenhouse gas concentrations? {A} brief analysis based on multi-gas emission pathways and several climate sensitivity uncertainty estimates},<br />
volume = {270},<br />
journal = {Avoiding dangerous climate change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2006}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002,<br />
title = {Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations},<br />
volume = {295},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5552},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Forest, Chris E and Stone, Peter H and Sokolov, Andrei P and Allen, Myles R and Webster, Mort D},<br />
year = {2002},<br />
pages = {113--117}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011,<br />
title = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}: {Modeling} and policy applications},<br />
volume = {26},<br />
issn = {1364-8152},<br />
shorttitle = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815211001733},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012},<br />
number = {12},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modelling \& Software},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Bertok, Imrich and Borken-Kleefeld, Jens and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena and Klimont, Zbigniew and Nguyen, Binh and Posch, Maximilian and Rafaj, Peter and Sandler, Robert and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Wagner, Fabian and Winiwarter, Wilfried},<br />
month = dec,<br />
year = {2011},<br />
keywords = {Air pollution, Convention on Long-range transboundary air pollution, Cost-effectiveness, Decision support, GAINS model, Integrated assessment, Science–policy interface},<br />
pages = {1489--1501}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004,<br />
title = {Current {Legislation}” and the “{Maximum} {Technically} {Feasible} {Reduction}” cases for the {CAFE} baseline emission projections},<br />
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zbigniew_Klimont/publication/230709494_The_Current_Legislation_and_the_Maximum_Technically_Feasible_Reduction_cases_for_the_CAFE_baseline_emission_projections._CAFE_Report__2/links/0deec53cd2d778aafb000000.pdf},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {IIASA, Vienna},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Cabala, Rafal and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Klimont, Zbigniew and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Tarrason, Leonor and Simpson, David and Wind, Peter and Jonson, Jan-Eiof},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003,<br />
title = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0961-9534},<br />
shorttitle = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195340200185X},<br />
doi = {10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00185-X},<br />
abstract = {This paper discusses the contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply. The discussion is based on a review of 17 earlier studies on the subject. These studies have arrived at widely different conclusions about the possible contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply (e.g., from below 100 EJ yr−1 to above 400 EJ yr−1 in 2050). The major reason for the differences is that the two most crucial parameters—land availability and yield levels in energy crop production—are very uncertain, and subject to widely different opinions (e.g., the assessed 2050 plantation supply ranges from below 50 EJ yr−1 to almost 240 EJ yr−1). However, also the expectations about future availability of forest wood and of residues from agriculture and forestry vary substantially among the studies.<br />
<br />
The question how an expanding bioenergy sector would interact with other land uses, such as food production, biodiversity, soil and nature conservation, and carbon sequestration has been insufficiently analyzed in the studies. It is therefore difficult to establish to what extent bioenergy is an attractive option for climate change mitigation in the energy sector. A refined modeling of interactions between different uses and bioenergy, food and materials production—i.e., of competition for resources, and of synergies between different uses—would facilitate an improved understanding of the prospects for large-scale bioenergy and of future land-use and biomass management in general},<br />
number = {1},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
author = {Berndes, Göran and Hoogwijk, Monique and van den Broek, Richard},<br />
month = jul,<br />
year = {2003},<br />
keywords = {Assessment, Bioenergy, Biomass energy, Global, Potential, Regional, Review, Scenario},<br />
pages = {1--28}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009,<br />
title = {Assessing biofuels: towards sustainable production and use of resources},<br />
isbn = {92-807-3052-5},<br />
publisher = {United Nations Environment Programme},<br />
author = {Bringezu, Stefan and Schütz, Helmut and O’Brien, Meghan and Kauppi, Lea and Howarth, Robert W and McNeely, Jeff},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008,<br />
title = {Biomass assessment: assessment of global biomass potentials and their links to food, water, biodiversity, energy demand and economy: inventory and analysis of existing studies: supporting document},<br />
number = {500102 014},<br />
journal = {Report/WAB},<br />
author = {Dornburg, Veronika and Faaij, APC and Verweij, PA and Banse, Martin and Diepen, Kees van and Keulen, Herman van and Langeveld, Hans and Meeusen, Marieke and Ven, Gerrie van de and Wester, Flip},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008,<br />
title = {Local and global consequences of the {EU} renewable directive for biofuels: {Testing} the sustainability criteria},<br />
journal = {Local and global consequences of the EU renewable directive for biofuels: testing the sustainability criteria},<br />
author = {Eickhout, Bas and van den Born, Gert Jan and Notenboom, Jos and Oorschot, M van and Ros, JPM and Van Vuuren, DP and Westhoek, HJ},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009,<br />
title = {Can technology deliver on the yield challenge to 2050?},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/3/a-ak542e/ak542e12a.pdf},<br />
institution = {Expert Meeting on How to feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
author = {Fischer, RA and Byerlee, Derek and Edmeades, Gregory O},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011,<br />
title = {Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980–2010 period},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Granier, Claire and Bessagnet, Bertrand and Bond, Tami and D’Angiola, Ariela and van Der Gon, Hugo Denier and Frost, Gregory J and Heil, Angelika and Kaiser, Johannes W and Kinne, Stefan and Klimont, Zbigniew},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {163--190}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992,<br />
title = {Buying greenhouse insurance: the economic costs of carbon dioxide emission limits},<br />
isbn = {0-262-13280-X},<br />
publisher = {MIT press},<br />
author = {Manne, Alan Sussmann and Richels, Richard G},<br />
year = {1992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000,<br />
title = {MESSAGE–MACRO: linking an energy supply model with a macroeconomic module and solving it iteratively},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {267--282}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007,<br />
title = {Energy from agricultural residues and consequences for land requirements for food production},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
author = {Nonhebel, Sanderine},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {586--592}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999,<br />
title = {An econometric analysis of the costs of sequestering carbon in forests},<br />
volume = {81},<br />
issn = {0002-9092},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
author = {Plantinga, Andrew J and Mauldin, Thomas and Miller, Douglas J},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {812--824}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012,<br />
title = {Environmental modeling and methods for estimation of the global health impacts of air pollution},<br />
volume = {17},<br />
issn = {1420-2026},<br />
number = {6},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modeling \& Assessment},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Chirkov, Vadim and Dentener, Frank and Van Dingenen, Rita and Pachauri, Shonali and Purohit, Pallav and Amann, Markus and Heyes, Chris and Kinney, Patrick and Kolp, Peter},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {613--622}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013,<br />
title = {Better air for better health: {Forging} synergies in policies for energy access, climate change and air pollution},<br />
volume = {23},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Global environmental change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Pachauri, Shonali and Dentener, Frank and Kinney, Patrick and Klimont, Zbigniew and Riahi, Keywan and Schoepp, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {1122--1130}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Dentener, Frank and Gielen, Dolf and Grubler, Arnulf and Jewell, Jessica and Klimont, Zbigniew and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and van Ruijven, Bas and van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Wilson, Charlie},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {1203--1306}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007,<br />
title = {Geographically explicit global modeling of land-use change, carbon sequestration, and biomass supply},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Rokityanskiy, Dmitry and Benítez, Pablo C and Kraxner, Florian and McCallum, Ian and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and Yamagata, Yoshiki},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1057--1082}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003,<br />
title = {A summary note estimating global forestry {GHG} mitigation potential and costs: {A} dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
journal = {working draft, August},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Chan, Peter and Dale, Larry and Makundi, Willy and Andrasko, Ken},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
pages = {448--457}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006,<br />
title = {{GHG} mitigation potential, costs and benefits in global forests: a dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Makundi, Willy and Dale, Larry and Chan, Peter and Andrasko, Kenneth},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {127--162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008,<br />
title = {Use of {US} croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change},<br />
volume = {319},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5867},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Searchinger, Timothy and Heimlich, Ralph and Houghton, Richard A and Dong, Fengxia and Elobeid, Amani and Fabiosa, Jacinto and Tokgoz, Simla and Hayes, Dermot and Yu, Tun-Hsiang},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
pages = {1238--1240}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007,<br />
title = {A bottom-up assessment and review of global bio-energy potentials to 2050},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0360-1285},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Progress in Energy and combustion science},<br />
author = {Smeets, Edward MW and Faaij, André PC and Lewandowski, Iris M and Turkenburg, Wim C},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {56--106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010,<br />
title = {Competition for land},<br />
volume = {365},<br />
issn = {0962-8436},<br />
number = {1554},<br />
journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences},<br />
author = {Smith, Pete and Gregory, Peter J and Van Vuuren, Detlef and Obersteiner, Michael and Havlík, Petr and Rounsevell, Mark and Woods, Jeremy and Stehfest, Elke and Bellarby, Jessica},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2941--2957}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999,<br />
title = {The costs of carbon sequestration: a revealed-preference approach},<br />
volume = {89},<br />
issn = {0002-8282},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {The American Economic Review},<br />
author = {Stavins, Robert N},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {994--1009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009,<br />
title = {Climate benefits of changing diet},<br />
volume = {95},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Stehfest, Elke and Bouwman, Lex and Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel GJ and Eickhout, Bas and Kabat, Pavel},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {83--102}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009,<br />
title = {Outlook on agricultural changes and its drivers},<br />
isbn = {1-59726-538-1},<br />
booktitle = {Agriculture at a {Crossroads}-the {Global} {Report} of the {International} {Assessment} of {Agricultural} {Knowledge}, {Science}, and {Technology}},<br />
publisher = {Island Press},<br />
author = {van Vuuren, Detlef and Ochola, Washington and Riha, Susan and Giampietro, Mario and Ginzo, Hector and Henrichs, Thomas and Hussain, Sajidin Hussain and Kok, Kaspar and Makhura, Moraka Makhura and Mirza, Monirul},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010,<br />
title = {Bio-energy use and low stabilization scenarios},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Bellevrat, Elie and Kitous, Alban and Isaac, Morna},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {193--221}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012,<br />
title = {Copenhagen accord pledges imply higher costs for staying below 2 {C} warming},<br />
volume = {113},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {van Vliet, Jasper and van den Berg, Maarten and Schaeffer, Michiel and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel and Hof, Andries F and Beltran, Angelica Mendoza and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
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title = {Revised 1996 {IPCC} Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: The Workbook (Volume 2)},<br />
url = {http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs5a.html},<br />
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year = {1996}<br />
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title = {Long-term uranium supply estimates},<br />
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journal = {Nuclear Technology},<br />
author = {Schneider, Erich A and Sailor, William C},<br />
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author = "Richard Loulou and Gary Goldstein and Ken Noble",<br />
title = "Documentation for the MARKAL Family of Models - Part II: MARKAL-MACRO",<br />
publisher = "IEA Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (ETSAP)",<br />
year = "2004",<br />
type = "Manual",<br />
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title = {The roads ahead: narratives for shared socioeconomic pathways describing world futures in the 21st century},<br />
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journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Ebi, Kristie L and Kemp-Benedict, Eric and Riahi, Keywan and Rothman, Dale S and van Ruijven, Bas J and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Birkmann, Joern and Kok, Kasper},<br />
year = {2015}<br />
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title = {Global land-use implications of first and second generation biofuel targets},<br />
volume = {39},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
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pages = {5690--5702}<br />
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title = {Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions},<br />
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number = {10},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {Havlík, Petr and Valin, Hugo and Herrero, Mario and Obersteiner, Michael and Schmid, Erwin and Rufino, Mariana C and Mosnier, Aline and Thornton, Philip K and Böttcher, Hannes and Conant, Richard T},<br />
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pages = {3709--3714}<br />
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title = {Predicting the deforestation-trend under different carbon-prices},<br />
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number = {1},<br />
journal = {Carbon Balance and management},<br />
author = {Kindermann, Georg E and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and McCallum, Ian},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {15}<br />
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title = {An algorithm for simulation of forest management decisions in the global forest model},<br />
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journal = {Штучний інтелект},<br />
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year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
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title = {Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models with a simpler model, {MAGICC}6–{Part} 1: {Model} description and calibration},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1680-7316},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Raper, SCB and Wigley, TML},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {1417--1456}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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title = {The {RCP} greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Smith, Steven J and Calvin, K and Daniel, John S and Kainuma, MLT and Lamarque, JF and Matsumoto, K and Montzka, SA and Raper, SCB and Riahi, K},<br />
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pages = {213--241}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013,<br />
title = {2020 emissions levels required to limit warming to below 2°C},<br />
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number = {4},<br />
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pages = {405--412}<br />
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title = {Probabilistic cost estimates for climate change mitigation},<br />
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number = {7430},<br />
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pages = {79--83}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013,<br />
author = {Sullivan, Patrick and Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
title = {Impacts of considering electric sector variability and reliability in the MESSAGE model},<br />
journal = {Energy Strategy Reviews},<br />
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year = {2013}<br />
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title = {Mitigation choices impact carbon budget size compatible with low temperature goals},<br />
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number = {7},<br />
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author = {Rogelj, Joeri and Reisinger, Andy and McCollum, David L and Knutti, Reto and Riahi, Keywan and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
pages = {075003}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of global anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and methane until 2030},<br />
volume = {41},<br />
issn = {1352-2310},<br />
number = {38},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Environment},<br />
author = {Cofala, Janusz and Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Kupiainen, Kaarle and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {8486--8499}<br />
}<br />
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title = {Regional and global emissions of air pollutants: {Recent} trends and future scenarios},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {1543-5938},<br />
journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Wagner, Fabian},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {31--55}<br />
}<br />
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@webpage{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013,<br />
Type = webpage<br />
title = {Global {Mitigation} of {Non}-{CO}2 {Greenhouse} {Gases}: 2010-2030},<br />
url = {https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/EPAactivities/MAC_Report_2013.pdf},<br />
author = {Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)},<br />
year = {2013}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@webpage{MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011,<br />
title = {Emission {Database} for {Global} {Atmospheric} {Research} {EDGAR} v4.2},<br />
url = {http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=42},<br />
author = {Joint Research Centre, Global Emissions},<br />
month = nov,<br />
year = {2011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997,<br />
title = {An assessment of world hydrocarbon resources},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
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number = {1},<br />
journal = {Annual review of energy and the environment},<br />
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year = {1997},<br />
pages = {217--262}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016,<br />
title = {The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their Energy, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implications},<br />
volume = {in press},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Vuuren, Detlef P. van and Kriegler, Elmar and Edmonds, Jae and O’Neill, Brian and Fujimori, Shinichiro and Bauer, Nico and Calvin, Katherine and Dellink, Rob and Fricko, Oliver and Lutz, Wolfgang and Popp, Alexander and Cuaresma, Jesus Crespo and KC, Samir and Leimbach, Marian and Jiang, Leiwen and Kram, Tom and Rao, Shilpa and Emmerling, Johannes and Ebi, Kristie and Hasegawa, Tomoko and Havlik, Petr and Humpenöder, Florian and Silva, Lara Aleluia Da and Smith, Steve and Stehfest, Elke and Bosetti, Valentina and Eom, Jiyong and Gernaat, David and Masui, Toshihiko and Rogelj, Joeri and Strefler, Jessica and Drouet, Laurent and Krey, Volker and Luderer, Gunnar and Harmsen, Mathijs and Takahashi, Kiyoshi and Baumstark, Lavinia and Doelman, Jonathan and Kainuma, Mikiko and Klimont, Zbigniew and Marangoni, Giacomo and Lotze-Campen, Hermann and Obersteiner, Michael and Tabeau, Andrzej and Tavoni, Massimo},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
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}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014,<br />
title = {A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept of shared socioeconomic pathways},<br />
volume = {122},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Riahi, Keywan and Ebi, Kristie L and Hallegatte, Stephane and Carter, Timothy R and Mathur, Ritu and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {387--400}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014,<br />
title = {The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: {Population} scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {KC, Samir and Lutz, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015,<br />
title = {Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Dellink, Rob and Chateau, Jean and Lanzi, Elisa and Magné, Bertrand},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016,<br />
title = {A reduced-form approach for representing the impacts of wind and solar PV deployment on the structure and operation of the electricity system},<br />
author = {Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and McPherson, Madleine and Parkinson, Simon and Krey, Volker and Sullivan, Patrick},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014,<br />
title = {Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power},<br />
author = {Pietzcker, R. C. and Stetter, D. and Manger, S. and Luderer, G.}, <br />
journal = {Applied Energy}, <br />
volume = {135},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {704-720}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016,<br />
title = {An improved global wind resource estimate for integrated assessment models},<br />
author = {Eurek, K. and Sullivan, P. and Gleason, M. and Hettinger, D. and Heimiller, D.M. and Lopez, A.},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}} <br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016,<br />
title = {The marker quantification of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2: a middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {In press},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Havlik, Petr and Rogelj, Joeri and Klimont, Zbigniew and Gusti, Mykola and Johnson, Nils and Kolp, Peter and Strubegger, Manfred and Valin, Hugo and Amann, Markus and Ermolieva, Tatiana and Forsell, Nicklas and Herrero, Mario and Heyes, Chris and Kindermann, Georg and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David L. and Obersteiner, Michael and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and Schmid, Erwin and Schoepp, Wolfgang and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@book{MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012,<br />
title = {World {Development} {Indicators} 2012},<br />
isbn = {0-8213-8985-8},<br />
publisher = {World Bank Publications},<br />
author = {{World Bank Group}},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010,<br />
title = {World Population Projection},<br />
author = {UN Population Division},<br />
institution = {UN},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012,<br />
title = {Energy Balances},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014,<br />
title = {World {Energy} {Outlook} 2014},<br />
url = {http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2014/},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003,<br />
author = {{OECD} and {NEA}},<br />
title = {Uranium 2003: Resources, Production and Demand},<br />
institution = {{OECD/NEA}},<br />
number = {NEA-05291},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015,<br />
author = {Benjamin D. Leibowicz},<br />
title = {Growth and competition in renewable energy industries: Insights from an integrated assessment model with strategic firms},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {52, Part A},<br />
pages = {13 - 25},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.09.010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012,<br />
author = {Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle},<br />
title = {World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision},<br />
institution = {FAO},<br />
number = {12-03},<br />
type = {ESA Working Paper},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005,<br />
author = {Bouwman, A.F. and der Hoek, K.W. Van and Eickhout, B. and Soenario, I.},<br />
title = {Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {84},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {121 - 153},<br />
keywords = {Livestock production},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4D1R2W8-1/2/03e2156d5e708f1dd8a94eded7badddc},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004,<br />
author = {Conant, Richard T. and Paustian, Keith},<br />
title = {Grassland Management Activity Data: Current Sources and Future Needs},<br />
journal = {Environmental Management},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {467-473},<br />
keywords = {Soil carbon sequestration Grasslands Management activity data},<br />
issn = {0364-152X},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9104-7},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012,<br />
author = {EPA},<br />
title = {US Environmental Protection Agency Global Emissions Database},<br />
institution = {US Environmental Protection Agency},<br />
url = {http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011,<br />
author = {Fritz, Steffen and See, Linda and McCallum, Ian and Schill, Christian and Obersteiner, Michael and van der Velde, Marijn and Boettcher, Hannes and Havlík, Petr and Achard, Frédéric},<br />
title = {Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {6},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {044005},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/6/i=4/a=044005},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Havlik, P. and Valin, H. and Rufino, M.C. and Notenbaert, A.M.O. and Thornton, P.K. and Blummel, M. and Weiss, F. and Obertsteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Global livestock systems: biomass use, production, feed efficiencies and greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
type = {Journal Article},<br />
volume = {110},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {52},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {20888--20893}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R. and Reid, R.S.},<br />
title = {Systems dynamics and the spatial distribution of methane emissions from African domestic ruminants to 2030},<br />
journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems \& Environment},<br />
volume = {126},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
pages = {122 - 137},<br />
keywords = {Methane},<br />
issn = {0167-8809},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880908000121},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005,<br />
author = {Keyzer, M.A. and Merbis, M.D. and Pavel, I.F.P.W. and van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A.},<br />
title = {Diet shifts towards meat and the effects on cereal use: can we feed the animals in 2030?},<br />
journal = {Ecological Economics},<br />
volume = {55},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {187-202},<br />
keywords = {Cereal feed demand, Dietary change, Food consumption pattern, Land use, Meat demand},<br />
issn = {0921-8009},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004100},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. and Obersteiner, M. and Sohngen, B. and Sathaye, J. and Andrasko, K. and Rametsteiner, E. and Schlamadinger, B. and Wunder, S. and Beach, R.},<br />
title = {Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
volume = {105},<br />
number = {30},<br />
pages = {10302},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980,<br />
author = {McCarl, Bruce A. and Spreen, Thomas H.},<br />
title = {Price Endogenous Mathematical Programming as a Tool for Sector Analysis},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
volume = {62},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {87-102},<br />
issn = {00029092},<br />
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1239475},<br />
year = {1980},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005,<br />
author = {Mitchell, Timothy D. and Jones, Philip D.},<br />
title = {An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
number = {6},<br />
pages = {693-712},<br />
keywords = {climate, observations, grids, homogeneity, temperature, precipitation, vapour, cloud},<br />
issn = {1097-0088},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1181},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011,<br />
author = {Muhammad, A. and Seale, J. and Meade, B. and Regmi, A.},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1929},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012,<br />
author = {O’Neill, B.C. and Carter, T.R. and Ebi, K.L. and Edmonds, J. and Hallegatte, S. and Kemp-Benedict, E. and Kriegler, E. and Mearns, L. and Moss, R. and Riahi, K. and van Ruijven, B. and van Vuuren, D.},<br />
title = {Meeting Report of the Workshop on The Nature and Use of New Socioeconomic Pathways for Climate Change Research},<br />
institution = {NCAR},<br />
month = {November 2-4, 2011},<br />
url = {http://www.isp.ucar.edu/socio-economic-pathways},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987,<br />
author = {Parton, WJ and Schimel, DS and Ojima, DS and Cole, CV},<br />
title = {Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grasslands},<br />
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {5},<br />
pages = {1173-1179},<br />
year = {1987},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993,<br />
author = {Parton, W. J. and Scurlock, J. M. O. and Ojima, D. S. and Gilmanov, T. G. and Scholes, R. J. and Schimel, D. S. and Kirchner, T. and Menaut, J. C. and Seastedt, T. and Moya, E. G. and Kamnalrut, A. and Kinyamario, J. I.},<br />
title = {Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic-matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
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year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008,<br />
author = {Ramankutty, N. and Evan, A.T. and Monfreda, C. and Foley, J.A.},<br />
title = {Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {1-19},<br />
issn = {0886-6236},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000,<br />
author = {Reynolds, CA and Jackson, TJ and Rawls, WJ},<br />
title = {Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions},<br />
journal = {Water Resources Research},<br />
volume = {36},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {3653-3662},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008,<br />
author = {Ruesch, Aaron and Gibbs, Holly K.},<br />
title = {New IPCC Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon Map For the Year 2000},<br />
institution = {Oak Ridge National Laboratory},<br />
type = {Available online from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center},<br />
url = {http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/global_carbon/carbon_documentation.html},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007,<br />
author = {Russ, P. and Wiesenthal, T. and van Regemorter, D. and Ciscar, J.C.},<br />
title = {Global Climate Policy Scenarios for 2030 and beyond: Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Pathway Scenarios with the POLES and GEME3 Models},<br />
journal = {Institute for Prospective technological Studies, October},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999,<br />
author = {Schloss, A. L. and Kicklighter, D. W. and Kaduk, J. and Wittenberg, U. and (The Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Comparison)},<br />
title = {Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): comparison of NPP to climate and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)},<br />
journal = {Global Change Biology},<br />
volume = {5},<br />
number = {S1},<br />
pages = {25-34},<br />
keywords = {NPP, global, model, climate, NDVI, seasonal},<br />
issn = {1365-2486},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00004.x},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007,<br />
author = {Schneider, Uwe A. and McCarl, Bruce A. and Schmid, Erwin},<br />
title = {Agricultural sector analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation in US agriculture and forestry},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {128 - 140},<br />
keywords = {Abatement function},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X06001028},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003,<br />
author = {Seale, James and Regmi, Anita and Bernstein, Jason},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1904},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
month = {October},<br />
url = {http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/InternationalFoodDemand/},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996,<br />
author = {Seré, C. and Steinfeld, H.},<br />
title = {World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organisation},<br />
number = {127},<br />
type = {Animal and Health Paper},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6101E/X6101E00.HTM},<br />
year = {1996},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008,<br />
author = {Skalsky, R. and Tarasovicova, Z. and Balkovic, J. and Schmid, E. and Fuchs, M. and Moltchanova, E. and Kindermann, G. and Scholtz, P.},<br />
title = {Geo-bene global database for bio-physical modeling v.1.0. Concepts, methodologies and data.Technical Report},<br />
institution = {IIASA},<br />
month = {accessed 13.03.09},<br />
url = {http://www.geo-bene.eu/?q=node/1734S},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@book{MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971,<br />
author = {Takayama, T. and Judge, G.G.},<br />
title = {Spatial and temporal price and allocation models},<br />
publisher = {North-Holland Amsterdam},<br />
year = {1971},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013,<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Salvatore, Mirella and Rossi, Simone and Ferrara, Alessandro and Fitton, Nuala and Smith, Pete},<br />
title = {The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
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pages = {015009},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/8/i=1/a=015009},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995,<br />
author = {Williams, J.R. and Singh, VP},<br />
title = {The EPIC model},<br />
journal = {Computer models of watershed hydrology},<br />
pages = {909-1000},<br />
year = {1995},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@book{MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007,<br />
author = {Wint, W. and Robinson, T.},<br />
title = {Gridded livestock of the world 2007},<br />
publisher = {FAO},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006,<br />
author = {You, Liangzhi and Wood, Stanley},<br />
title = {An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {90},<br />
number = {1-3},<br />
pages = {329 - 347},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4JKYWM1-1/2/381253576eb09660fc9860c6c8bb8e1f},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006,<br />
author = {Izaurralde, R. C. and Williams, J. R. and McGill, W. B. and Rosenberg, N. J. and Jakas, M. C. Q.},<br />
title = {Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data},<br />
journal = {Ecological Modelling},<br />
volume = {192},<br />
number = {3-4},<br />
pages = {362-384},<br />
keywords = {Climate change<br />
Soil C model<br />
Soil carbon sequestration<br />
Tillage<br />
Water erosion<br />
Wind erosion},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31944437556&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
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type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{sauer_agriculture_2008,<br />
author = {Sauer, T. and Havlík, P. and Kindermann, G. and Schneider, U.A. . },<br />
title = {Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a changing World - the Role of Irrigation},<br />
institution = {Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management.},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. E. and McCallum, I. and Fritz, S. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {A global forest growing stock, biomass and carbon map based on FAO statistics},<br />
journal = {Silva Fennica},<br />
volume = {42},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {387-396},<br />
keywords = {Biomass map<br />
Downscaling<br />
Regression analysis},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46249088682&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005,<br />
author = {Biomass Technology Group},<br />
title = {Handbook Biomass Gasification},<br />
publisher = {H.A.M. Knoef. ISBN: 90-810068-1-9},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007,<br />
author = {Rametsteiner, E and Nilsson, S and Böttcher, H and Havlik, P and Kraxner, F and Leduc, S and Obersteiner, M and Rydzak, F and Schneider, U and Schwab, D and Willmore, L},<br />
title = {Study of the Effects of Globalization on the Economic Viability of EU Forestry. Final Report of the AGRI Tender Project: AGRI-G4-2006-06 [2007]. EC Contract Number 30-CE-0097579/00-89},<br />
institution = {EC/IIASA},<br />
url = {http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/viability_forestry/index_en.htm},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001,<br />
author = {Hamelinck, C.N. and Faaij, A.P.C.},<br />
title = {Future Prospects for Production of Methanol and Hydrogen from Biomass},<br />
institution = {Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Science Technology and Society},<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008,<br />
author = {Leduc, S. and Schwab, D. and Dotzauer, E. and Schmid, E. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},<br />
volume = {32},<br />
pages = {1080--1091 [2008]},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005,<br />
author = {Sørensen, A. L.},<br />
title = {Economies of Scale in Biomass Gasification Systems},<br />
institution = {IIASA },<br />
number = {Interim Report IR-05-030},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993,<br />
author = {Carpentieri, A. E. and Larson, E. D. and Woods, J.},<br />
title = {Future biomass-based electricity supply in Northeast Brazil},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
volume = {4},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {149-173},<br />
keywords = {bagasse<br />
Biomass electricity<br />
Brazil<br />
gas turbine<br />
gasifier<br />
plantations},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027382662&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@report{MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008,<br />
author = {Herzogbaum, GmbH},<br />
title = {Forstpflanzen-Preisliste 2008. HERZOG.BAUM Samen & Pflanzen GmbH. Koaserbauerstr. 10, A - 4810 Gmunden. Austria (also available at www.energiehoelzer.at)},<br />
institution = {Herzogbaum GmbH},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997,<br />
author = {Jurvélius, Mike},<br />
title = {Labor-intensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern Philippines. Forest harvesting case -study 9. RAP Publication: 1997/41},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007,<br />
author = {ILO},<br />
title = {Occupational Wages and Hours of Work and Retail Food Prices, Statistics from the ILO October Inquiry},<br />
institution = {International Labor Organisation},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999,<br />
author = {FPP},<br />
title = {Holzernte in der Durchforstung; Leistungszahlen Kosten - OeBF Seiltabelle Sortimentverfahren (SKM-TAB)},<br />
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year = {1999},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007,<br />
author = {Jiroušek, R. and Klvač, R. and Skoupý, A.},<br />
title = {Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations},<br />
journal = {Journal of Forest Science},<br />
volume = {53},<br />
number = {10},<br />
pages = {476-482},<br />
keywords = {Average tree volume<br />
Harvester<br />
Hauling distance<br />
Payload},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448931938&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
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}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986,<br />
author = {Stokes, B. J. and Frederick, D. J. and Curtin, D. T.},<br />
title = {Field trials of a short-rotation biomass feller buncher and selected harvesting systems},<br />
journal = {Biomass},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {185-204},<br />
keywords = {Biomass<br />
harvesting<br />
production<br />
yield},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0022984004&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1986},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004,<br />
author = {Wang, J. and Long, C. and McNeel, J. and Baumgras, J.},<br />
title = {Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {54},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {45-51},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844274724&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001,<br />
author = {Hartsough, B. R. and Zhang, X. and Fight, R. D.},<br />
title = {Harvesting cost model for small trees in natural stands in the Interior Northwest},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {54-61},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035306334&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006,<br />
author = {Heston, A. and Summers, R. and Aten, B.},<br />
title = {Penn World Table Version 6.2},<br />
institution = {Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. September 2006. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt62/pwt62_form.php},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5502Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:52:21Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Water<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
|HasSeq=2<br />
|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
Quantifying water implications of energy transitions is important for assessing long-term freshwater sustainability since large volumes of water are currently used throughout the energy sector. MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the water impact of energy system transformation pathways developed in the global energy assessment ([http://www.globalenergyassessment.org/ GEA]) (Fricko et al, 2016[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016]]). The GEA pathways were designed to describe transformative changes toward a more sustainable future, and include a 2 °C climate policy. The GEA scenarios were chosen for the water analysis because the broad range of energy transitions covered by the scenario space which provides an ideal platform to assess uncertainties in future water demand stemming from technology choices made in the energy sector.<br />
<br />
The majority of energy sector freshwater withdrawal occurs in the steam-cycle and cooling systems of thermoelectric generation, and MESSAGE-GLOBIOM assesses water use by thermoelectric power plants included in the model as a function of the thermal conversion efficiency. Once through and closed-loop cooling technologies are distinguished in the model. Once-through cooling technology, as the name suggests, involve passing water through the cooling system once, and then returning the water to its source. Conversely, closedloop systems re-circulate water that is withdrawn. The water source (fresh or saline) is further distinguished across technologies. Also air-cooled systems are considered, which provide an opportunity to reduce energy system reliance on water. The choice of model formulation enables consistent representation of water use across power plant types and incorporates water impacts of heat-rate improvements due to anticipated long-term technological change. Moreover, the approach enables analysis of thermal water pollution from once-through cooled thermal power plants by allowing quantification of the heat energy embodied in cooling system effluents.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=References_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5501References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:40:09Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
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}}<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{{#referencelist:<br />
|references=MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016; MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016;MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010;MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009;MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010;MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005;MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997;MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010;MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013;MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008;MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995;MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009;MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000;MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004;MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006;MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008;MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006;MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002;MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011;MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004;MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003;MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009;MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008;MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008;MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009;MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011;MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992;MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000;MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007;MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999;MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012;MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013;MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007;MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003;MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006;MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008;MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007;MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010;MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999;MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012;MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995;MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007;MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996;MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008;MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004;MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015;MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011;MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014;MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006;MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013;MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015;MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013;MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011;MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997;MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016;MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014;MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014;MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015;MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016;MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014;MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016;MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012;MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014;MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003;MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015;MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012;MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005;MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012;MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010;MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011;MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013;MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008;MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008;MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980;MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005;MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011;MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012;MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987;MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993;MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008;MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000;MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008;MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007;MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999;MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007;MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003;MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996;MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008;MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971;MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013;MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995;MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007;MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006;MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006;MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008;MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005;MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007;MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001;MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008;MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005;MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993;MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008;MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997;MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007;MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999;MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007;MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986;MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004;MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001;MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006|+sep=;<br />
|browselinks=yes<br />
|columns=2<br />
|header=List<br />
|listtype=ul<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_energy_2016,<br />
title = {Energy sector water use implications of a 2° {C} climate policy},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Parkinson, Simon C and Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and van Vliet, Michelle TH and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {034011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016,<br />
title = {Policy trade-offs between climate mitigation and clean cook-stove access in South Asia},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
issn = {2058-7546},<br />
journal = {Nature Energy},<br />
author = {Cameron, Colin and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Narasimha D and McCollum, David and Rogelj, Joeri and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {15010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010,<br />
title = {Short term decisions for long term problems–The effect of foresight on model based energy systems analysis},<br />
volume = {35},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2033--2042}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009,<br />
title = {Implications of delayed participation and technology failure for the feasibility, costs, and likelihood of staying below temperature targets—Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {31},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
author = {Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {S94--S106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010,<br />
title = {Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options},<br />
volume = {107},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan and Keppo, Ilkka},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {1011--1016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005,<br />
title = {Structural change in energy use},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Schäfer, Andreas},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
pages = {429--437}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997,<br />
title = {Endogenized technological learning in an energy systems model},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
issn = {0936-9937},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {291--313}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010,<br />
title = {Determinants of household energy consumption in India},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Ekholm, Tommi and Krey, Volker and Pachauri, Shonali and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {5696--5707}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013,<br />
title = {Pathways to achieve universal household access to modern energy by 2030},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Pachauri, Shonali and van Ruijven, Bas J and Nagai, Yu and Riahi, Keywan and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Brew-Hammond, Abeeku and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {024015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012,<br />
title = {Chapter 7 - Energy resources and potentials},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
author = {Rogner, H and Aguilera, Roberto F and Archer, Christina and Bertani, Ruggero and Bhattacharya, S and Dusseault, M and Gagnon, Luc and Harbel, H and Hoogwijk, Monique and Johnson, Arthur},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {423--512}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004,<br />
type = {report},<br />
title = {On the global and regional potential of renewable energy sources (PhD Thesis)},<br />
institution = {Department of Science, Technology and Society. Utrecht University},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique Maria},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008,<br />
title = {Global potential of renewable energy sources: a literature assessment},<br />
journal = {Background report prepared by order of REN21. Ecofys, PECSNL072975},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique and Graus, Wina},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995,<br />
title = {Diffusion and learning curves of renewable-energy technologies},<br />
issn = {0304-7121},<br />
journal = {IIASA Report},<br />
author = {Christiansson, Lena},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007,<br />
title = {Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000–2080},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Fischer, Günther},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1030--1056}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009,<br />
title = {Future bio-energy potential under various natural constraints},<br />
volume = {37},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {11},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and van Vliet, Jasper and Stehfest, Elke},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {4220--4230}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Larson, Eric D. and Li, Zheng and Williams, Robert H.},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {901--992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000,<br />
title = {Greenhouse gas emissions in a dynamics-as-usual scenario of economic and energy development},<br />
volume = {63},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Roehrl, R Alexander},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {175--205}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004,<br />
title = {Prospects for carbon capture and sequestration technologies assuming their technological learning},<br />
volume = {29},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {9},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rubin, Edward S and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
pages = {1309--1318}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006,<br />
title = {The Role of Non-CO₃ Greenhouse Gases in Climate Change Mitigation: Long-term Scenarios for the 21st Century},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {177--200}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {{RCP} 8.5—{A} scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rao, Shilpa and Krey, Volker and Cho, Cheolhung and Chirkov, Vadim and Fischer, Guenther and Kindermann, Georg and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Rafaj, Peter},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {33--57}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of long-term socio-economic and environmental development under climate stabilization},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Grübler, Arnulf and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {887--935}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008,<br />
title = {{MAGICC}/{SCENGEN} 5.3: {User} manual (version 2)},<br />
volume = {80},<br />
journal = {NCAR, Boulder, CO},<br />
author = {Wigley, Tom ML},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007,<br />
title = {Probabilistic temperature change projections and energy system implications of greenhouse gas emission scenarios},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and O'Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {936--961}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009,<br />
title = {Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 {C}},<br />
volume = {458},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7242},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Meinshausen, Nicolai and Hare, William and Raper, Sarah CB and Frieler, Katja and Knutti, Reto and Frame, David J and Allen, Myles R},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {1158--1162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006,<br />
title = {What does a 2 {C} target mean for greenhouse gas concentrations? {A} brief analysis based on multi-gas emission pathways and several climate sensitivity uncertainty estimates},<br />
volume = {270},<br />
journal = {Avoiding dangerous climate change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2006}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002,<br />
title = {Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations},<br />
volume = {295},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5552},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Forest, Chris E and Stone, Peter H and Sokolov, Andrei P and Allen, Myles R and Webster, Mort D},<br />
year = {2002},<br />
pages = {113--117}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011,<br />
title = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}: {Modeling} and policy applications},<br />
volume = {26},<br />
issn = {1364-8152},<br />
shorttitle = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815211001733},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012},<br />
number = {12},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modelling \& Software},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Bertok, Imrich and Borken-Kleefeld, Jens and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena and Klimont, Zbigniew and Nguyen, Binh and Posch, Maximilian and Rafaj, Peter and Sandler, Robert and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Wagner, Fabian and Winiwarter, Wilfried},<br />
month = dec,<br />
year = {2011},<br />
keywords = {Air pollution, Convention on Long-range transboundary air pollution, Cost-effectiveness, Decision support, GAINS model, Integrated assessment, Science–policy interface},<br />
pages = {1489--1501}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004,<br />
title = {Current {Legislation}” and the “{Maximum} {Technically} {Feasible} {Reduction}” cases for the {CAFE} baseline emission projections},<br />
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zbigniew_Klimont/publication/230709494_The_Current_Legislation_and_the_Maximum_Technically_Feasible_Reduction_cases_for_the_CAFE_baseline_emission_projections._CAFE_Report__2/links/0deec53cd2d778aafb000000.pdf},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {IIASA, Vienna},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Cabala, Rafal and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Klimont, Zbigniew and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Tarrason, Leonor and Simpson, David and Wind, Peter and Jonson, Jan-Eiof},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003,<br />
title = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0961-9534},<br />
shorttitle = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195340200185X},<br />
doi = {10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00185-X},<br />
abstract = {This paper discusses the contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply. The discussion is based on a review of 17 earlier studies on the subject. These studies have arrived at widely different conclusions about the possible contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply (e.g., from below 100 EJ yr−1 to above 400 EJ yr−1 in 2050). The major reason for the differences is that the two most crucial parameters—land availability and yield levels in energy crop production—are very uncertain, and subject to widely different opinions (e.g., the assessed 2050 plantation supply ranges from below 50 EJ yr−1 to almost 240 EJ yr−1). However, also the expectations about future availability of forest wood and of residues from agriculture and forestry vary substantially among the studies.<br />
<br />
The question how an expanding bioenergy sector would interact with other land uses, such as food production, biodiversity, soil and nature conservation, and carbon sequestration has been insufficiently analyzed in the studies. It is therefore difficult to establish to what extent bioenergy is an attractive option for climate change mitigation in the energy sector. A refined modeling of interactions between different uses and bioenergy, food and materials production—i.e., of competition for resources, and of synergies between different uses—would facilitate an improved understanding of the prospects for large-scale bioenergy and of future land-use and biomass management in general},<br />
number = {1},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
author = {Berndes, Göran and Hoogwijk, Monique and van den Broek, Richard},<br />
month = jul,<br />
year = {2003},<br />
keywords = {Assessment, Bioenergy, Biomass energy, Global, Potential, Regional, Review, Scenario},<br />
pages = {1--28}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009,<br />
title = {Assessing biofuels: towards sustainable production and use of resources},<br />
isbn = {92-807-3052-5},<br />
publisher = {United Nations Environment Programme},<br />
author = {Bringezu, Stefan and Schütz, Helmut and O’Brien, Meghan and Kauppi, Lea and Howarth, Robert W and McNeely, Jeff},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008,<br />
title = {Biomass assessment: assessment of global biomass potentials and their links to food, water, biodiversity, energy demand and economy: inventory and analysis of existing studies: supporting document},<br />
number = {500102 014},<br />
journal = {Report/WAB},<br />
author = {Dornburg, Veronika and Faaij, APC and Verweij, PA and Banse, Martin and Diepen, Kees van and Keulen, Herman van and Langeveld, Hans and Meeusen, Marieke and Ven, Gerrie van de and Wester, Flip},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008,<br />
title = {Local and global consequences of the {EU} renewable directive for biofuels: {Testing} the sustainability criteria},<br />
journal = {Local and global consequences of the EU renewable directive for biofuels: testing the sustainability criteria},<br />
author = {Eickhout, Bas and van den Born, Gert Jan and Notenboom, Jos and Oorschot, M van and Ros, JPM and Van Vuuren, DP and Westhoek, HJ},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009,<br />
title = {Can technology deliver on the yield challenge to 2050?},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/3/a-ak542e/ak542e12a.pdf},<br />
institution = {Expert Meeting on How to feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
author = {Fischer, RA and Byerlee, Derek and Edmeades, Gregory O},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011,<br />
title = {Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980–2010 period},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Granier, Claire and Bessagnet, Bertrand and Bond, Tami and D’Angiola, Ariela and van Der Gon, Hugo Denier and Frost, Gregory J and Heil, Angelika and Kaiser, Johannes W and Kinne, Stefan and Klimont, Zbigniew},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {163--190}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992,<br />
title = {Buying greenhouse insurance: the economic costs of carbon dioxide emission limits},<br />
isbn = {0-262-13280-X},<br />
publisher = {MIT press},<br />
author = {Manne, Alan Sussmann and Richels, Richard G},<br />
year = {1992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000,<br />
title = {MESSAGE–MACRO: linking an energy supply model with a macroeconomic module and solving it iteratively},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {267--282}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007,<br />
title = {Energy from agricultural residues and consequences for land requirements for food production},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
author = {Nonhebel, Sanderine},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {586--592}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999,<br />
title = {An econometric analysis of the costs of sequestering carbon in forests},<br />
volume = {81},<br />
issn = {0002-9092},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
author = {Plantinga, Andrew J and Mauldin, Thomas and Miller, Douglas J},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {812--824}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012,<br />
title = {Environmental modeling and methods for estimation of the global health impacts of air pollution},<br />
volume = {17},<br />
issn = {1420-2026},<br />
number = {6},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modeling \& Assessment},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Chirkov, Vadim and Dentener, Frank and Van Dingenen, Rita and Pachauri, Shonali and Purohit, Pallav and Amann, Markus and Heyes, Chris and Kinney, Patrick and Kolp, Peter},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {613--622}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013,<br />
title = {Better air for better health: {Forging} synergies in policies for energy access, climate change and air pollution},<br />
volume = {23},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Global environmental change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Pachauri, Shonali and Dentener, Frank and Kinney, Patrick and Klimont, Zbigniew and Riahi, Keywan and Schoepp, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {1122--1130}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Dentener, Frank and Gielen, Dolf and Grubler, Arnulf and Jewell, Jessica and Klimont, Zbigniew and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and van Ruijven, Bas and van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Wilson, Charlie},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {1203--1306}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007,<br />
title = {Geographically explicit global modeling of land-use change, carbon sequestration, and biomass supply},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Rokityanskiy, Dmitry and Benítez, Pablo C and Kraxner, Florian and McCallum, Ian and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and Yamagata, Yoshiki},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1057--1082}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003,<br />
title = {A summary note estimating global forestry {GHG} mitigation potential and costs: {A} dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
journal = {working draft, August},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Chan, Peter and Dale, Larry and Makundi, Willy and Andrasko, Ken},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
pages = {448--457}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006,<br />
title = {{GHG} mitigation potential, costs and benefits in global forests: a dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Makundi, Willy and Dale, Larry and Chan, Peter and Andrasko, Kenneth},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {127--162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008,<br />
title = {Use of {US} croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change},<br />
volume = {319},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5867},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Searchinger, Timothy and Heimlich, Ralph and Houghton, Richard A and Dong, Fengxia and Elobeid, Amani and Fabiosa, Jacinto and Tokgoz, Simla and Hayes, Dermot and Yu, Tun-Hsiang},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
pages = {1238--1240}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007,<br />
title = {A bottom-up assessment and review of global bio-energy potentials to 2050},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0360-1285},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Progress in Energy and combustion science},<br />
author = {Smeets, Edward MW and Faaij, André PC and Lewandowski, Iris M and Turkenburg, Wim C},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {56--106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010,<br />
title = {Competition for land},<br />
volume = {365},<br />
issn = {0962-8436},<br />
number = {1554},<br />
journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences},<br />
author = {Smith, Pete and Gregory, Peter J and Van Vuuren, Detlef and Obersteiner, Michael and Havlík, Petr and Rounsevell, Mark and Woods, Jeremy and Stehfest, Elke and Bellarby, Jessica},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2941--2957}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999,<br />
title = {The costs of carbon sequestration: a revealed-preference approach},<br />
volume = {89},<br />
issn = {0002-8282},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {The American Economic Review},<br />
author = {Stavins, Robert N},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {994--1009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009,<br />
title = {Climate benefits of changing diet},<br />
volume = {95},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Stehfest, Elke and Bouwman, Lex and Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel GJ and Eickhout, Bas and Kabat, Pavel},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {83--102}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009,<br />
title = {Outlook on agricultural changes and its drivers},<br />
isbn = {1-59726-538-1},<br />
booktitle = {Agriculture at a {Crossroads}-the {Global} {Report} of the {International} {Assessment} of {Agricultural} {Knowledge}, {Science}, and {Technology}},<br />
publisher = {Island Press},<br />
author = {van Vuuren, Detlef and Ochola, Washington and Riha, Susan and Giampietro, Mario and Ginzo, Hector and Henrichs, Thomas and Hussain, Sajidin Hussain and Kok, Kaspar and Makhura, Moraka Makhura and Mirza, Monirul},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010,<br />
title = {Bio-energy use and low stabilization scenarios},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Bellevrat, Elie and Kitous, Alban and Isaac, Morna},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {193--221}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012,<br />
title = {Copenhagen accord pledges imply higher costs for staying below 2 {C} warming},<br />
volume = {113},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {van Vliet, Jasper and van den Berg, Maarten and Schaeffer, Michiel and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel and Hof, Andries F and Beltran, Angelica Mendoza and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {551--561}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995,<br />
title = {User's Guide for MESSAGE III},<br />
url = {http://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PUB/Documents/WP-95-069.pdf},<br />
institution = {International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007,<br />
title = {Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change},<br />
url = {http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_full_report.pdf},<br />
publisher = {IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland},<br />
author = {IPCC},<br />
year = {2007}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996,<br />
title = {Revised 1996 {IPCC} Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: The Workbook (Volume 2)},<br />
url = {http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs5a.html},<br />
publisher = {IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland},<br />
author = {IPCC},<br />
year = {1996}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008,<br />
title = {Long-term uranium supply estimates},<br />
volume = {162},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Nuclear Technology},<br />
author = {Schneider, Erich A and Sailor, William C},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
pages = {379--387}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004,<br />
author = "Richard Loulou and Gary Goldstein and Ken Noble",<br />
title = "Documentation for the MARKAL Family of Models - Part II: MARKAL-MACRO",<br />
publisher = "IEA Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (ETSAP)",<br />
year = "2004",<br />
type = "Manual",<br />
month = "October",<br />
url = "http://www.iea-etsap.org/web/MrklDoc-II_MARKALMACRO.pdf",<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015,<br />
title = {The roads ahead: narratives for shared socioeconomic pathways describing world futures in the 21st century},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Ebi, Kristie L and Kemp-Benedict, Eric and Riahi, Keywan and Rothman, Dale S and van Ruijven, Bas J and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Birkmann, Joern and Kok, Kasper},<br />
year = {2015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011,<br />
title = {Global land-use implications of first and second generation biofuel targets},<br />
volume = {39},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Havlík, Petr and Schneider, Uwe A and Schmid, Erwin and Böttcher, Hannes and Fritz, Steffen and Skalský, Rastislav and Aoki, Kentaro and De Cara, Stephane and Kindermann, Georg and Kraxner, Florian},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {5690--5702}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014,<br />
title = {Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions},<br />
volume = {111},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {Havlík, Petr and Valin, Hugo and Herrero, Mario and Obersteiner, Michael and Schmid, Erwin and Rufino, Mariana C and Mosnier, Aline and Thornton, Philip K and Böttcher, Hannes and Conant, Richard T},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {3709--3714}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006,<br />
title = {Predicting the deforestation-trend under different carbon-prices},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Carbon Balance and management},<br />
author = {Kindermann, Georg E and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and McCallum, Ian},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {15}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010,<br />
title = {An algorithm for simulation of forest management decisions in the global forest model},<br />
issn = {1561-5359},<br />
journal = {Штучний інтелект},<br />
author = {Gusti, MI},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011,<br />
title = {Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models with a simpler model, {MAGICC}6–{Part} 1: {Model} description and calibration},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1680-7316},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Raper, SCB and Wigley, TML},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {1417--1456}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {The {RCP} greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Smith, Steven J and Calvin, K and Daniel, John S and Kainuma, MLT and Lamarque, JF and Matsumoto, K and Montzka, SA and Raper, SCB and Riahi, K},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {213--241}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013,<br />
title = {2020 emissions levels required to limit warming to below 2°C},<br />
volume = {3},<br />
issn = {1758-678X},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Nature Climate Change},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and McCollum, David L and O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {405--412}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013,<br />
title = {Probabilistic cost estimates for climate change mitigation},<br />
volume = {493},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7430},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and McCollum, David L and Reisinger, Andy and Meinshausen, Malte and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {79--83}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013,<br />
author = {Sullivan, Patrick and Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
title = {Impacts of considering electric sector variability and reliability in the MESSAGE model},<br />
journal = {Energy Strategy Reviews},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {157-163},<br />
year = {2013}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015,<br />
title = {Mitigation choices impact carbon budget size compatible with low temperature goals},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and Reisinger, Andy and McCollum, David L and Knutti, Reto and Riahi, Keywan and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
pages = {075003}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of global anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and methane until 2030},<br />
volume = {41},<br />
issn = {1352-2310},<br />
number = {38},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Environment},<br />
author = {Cofala, Janusz and Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Kupiainen, Kaarle and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {8486--8499}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013,<br />
title = {Regional and global emissions of air pollutants: {Recent} trends and future scenarios},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {1543-5938},<br />
journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Wagner, Fabian},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {31--55}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@webpage{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013,<br />
Type = webpage<br />
title = {Global {Mitigation} of {Non}-{CO}2 {Greenhouse} {Gases}: 2010-2030},<br />
url = {https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/EPAactivities/MAC_Report_2013.pdf},<br />
author = {Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)},<br />
year = {2013}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@webpage{MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011,<br />
title = {Emission {Database} for {Global} {Atmospheric} {Research} {EDGAR} v4.2},<br />
url = {http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=42},<br />
author = {Joint Research Centre, Global Emissions},<br />
month = nov,<br />
year = {2011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997,<br />
title = {An assessment of world hydrocarbon resources},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
issn = {1056-3466},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Annual review of energy and the environment},<br />
author = {Rogner, Hans-Holger},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {217--262}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016,<br />
title = {The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their Energy, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implications},<br />
volume = {in press},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Vuuren, Detlef P. van and Kriegler, Elmar and Edmonds, Jae and O’Neill, Brian and Fujimori, Shinichiro and Bauer, Nico and Calvin, Katherine and Dellink, Rob and Fricko, Oliver and Lutz, Wolfgang and Popp, Alexander and Cuaresma, Jesus Crespo and KC, Samir and Leimbach, Marian and Jiang, Leiwen and Kram, Tom and Rao, Shilpa and Emmerling, Johannes and Ebi, Kristie and Hasegawa, Tomoko and Havlik, Petr and Humpenöder, Florian and Silva, Lara Aleluia Da and Smith, Steve and Stehfest, Elke and Bosetti, Valentina and Eom, Jiyong and Gernaat, David and Masui, Toshihiko and Rogelj, Joeri and Strefler, Jessica and Drouet, Laurent and Krey, Volker and Luderer, Gunnar and Harmsen, Mathijs and Takahashi, Kiyoshi and Baumstark, Lavinia and Doelman, Jonathan and Kainuma, Mikiko and Klimont, Zbigniew and Marangoni, Giacomo and Lotze-Campen, Hermann and Obersteiner, Michael and Tabeau, Andrzej and Tavoni, Massimo},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014,<br />
title = {A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept of shared socioeconomic pathways},<br />
volume = {122},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Riahi, Keywan and Ebi, Kristie L and Hallegatte, Stephane and Carter, Timothy R and Mathur, Ritu and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {387--400}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014,<br />
title = {The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: {Population} scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {KC, Samir and Lutz, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015,<br />
title = {Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Dellink, Rob and Chateau, Jean and Lanzi, Elisa and Magné, Bertrand},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016,<br />
title = {A reduced-form approach for representing the impacts of wind and solar PV deployment on the structure and operation of the electricity system},<br />
author = {Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and McPherson, Madleine and Parkinson, Simon and Krey, Volker and Sullivan, Patrick},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014,<br />
title = {Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power},<br />
author = {Pietzcker, R. C. and Stetter, D. and Manger, S. and Luderer, G.}, <br />
journal = {Applied Energy}, <br />
volume = {135},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {704-720}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016,<br />
title = {An improved global wind resource estimate for integrated assessment models},<br />
author = {Eurek, K. and Sullivan, P. and Gleason, M. and Hettinger, D. and Heimiller, D.M. and Lopez, A.},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}} <br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016,<br />
title = {The marker quantification of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2: a middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {In press},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Havlik, Petr and Rogelj, Joeri and Klimont, Zbigniew and Gusti, Mykola and Johnson, Nils and Kolp, Peter and Strubegger, Manfred and Valin, Hugo and Amann, Markus and Ermolieva, Tatiana and Forsell, Nicklas and Herrero, Mario and Heyes, Chris and Kindermann, Georg and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David L. and Obersteiner, Michael and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and Schmid, Erwin and Schoepp, Wolfgang and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012,<br />
title = {World {Development} {Indicators} 2012},<br />
isbn = {0-8213-8985-8},<br />
publisher = {World Bank Publications},<br />
author = {{World Bank Group}},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010,<br />
title = {World Population Projection},<br />
author = {UN Population Division},<br />
institution = {UN},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012,<br />
title = {Energy Balances},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014,<br />
title = {World {Energy} {Outlook} 2014},<br />
url = {http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2014/},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003,<br />
author = {{OECD} and {NEA}},<br />
title = {Uranium 2003: Resources, Production and Demand},<br />
institution = {{OECD/NEA}},<br />
number = {NEA-05291},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015,<br />
author = {Benjamin D. Leibowicz},<br />
title = {Growth and competition in renewable energy industries: Insights from an integrated assessment model with strategic firms},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {52, Part A},<br />
pages = {13 - 25},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.09.010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012,<br />
author = {Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle},<br />
title = {World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision},<br />
institution = {FAO},<br />
number = {12-03},<br />
type = {ESA Working Paper},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005,<br />
author = {Bouwman, A.F. and der Hoek, K.W. Van and Eickhout, B. and Soenario, I.},<br />
title = {Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {84},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {121 - 153},<br />
keywords = {Livestock production},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4D1R2W8-1/2/03e2156d5e708f1dd8a94eded7badddc},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004,<br />
author = {Conant, Richard T. and Paustian, Keith},<br />
title = {Grassland Management Activity Data: Current Sources and Future Needs},<br />
journal = {Environmental Management},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {467-473},<br />
keywords = {Soil carbon sequestration Grasslands Management activity data},<br />
issn = {0364-152X},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9104-7},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012,<br />
author = {EPA},<br />
title = {US Environmental Protection Agency Global Emissions Database},<br />
institution = {US Environmental Protection Agency},<br />
url = {http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011,<br />
author = {Fritz, Steffen and See, Linda and McCallum, Ian and Schill, Christian and Obersteiner, Michael and van der Velde, Marijn and Boettcher, Hannes and Havlík, Petr and Achard, Frédéric},<br />
title = {Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {6},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {044005},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/6/i=4/a=044005},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Havlik, P. and Valin, H. and Rufino, M.C. and Notenbaert, A.M.O. and Thornton, P.K. and Blummel, M. and Weiss, F. and Obertsteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Global livestock systems: biomass use, production, feed efficiencies and greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
type = {Journal Article},<br />
volume = {110},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {52},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {20888--20893}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R. and Reid, R.S.},<br />
title = {Systems dynamics and the spatial distribution of methane emissions from African domestic ruminants to 2030},<br />
journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems \& Environment},<br />
volume = {126},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
pages = {122 - 137},<br />
keywords = {Methane},<br />
issn = {0167-8809},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880908000121},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005,<br />
author = {Keyzer, M.A. and Merbis, M.D. and Pavel, I.F.P.W. and van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A.},<br />
title = {Diet shifts towards meat and the effects on cereal use: can we feed the animals in 2030?},<br />
journal = {Ecological Economics},<br />
volume = {55},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {187-202},<br />
keywords = {Cereal feed demand, Dietary change, Food consumption pattern, Land use, Meat demand},<br />
issn = {0921-8009},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004100},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. and Obersteiner, M. and Sohngen, B. and Sathaye, J. and Andrasko, K. and Rametsteiner, E. and Schlamadinger, B. and Wunder, S. and Beach, R.},<br />
title = {Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
volume = {105},<br />
number = {30},<br />
pages = {10302},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980,<br />
author = {McCarl, Bruce A. and Spreen, Thomas H.},<br />
title = {Price Endogenous Mathematical Programming as a Tool for Sector Analysis},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
volume = {62},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {87-102},<br />
issn = {00029092},<br />
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1239475},<br />
year = {1980},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005,<br />
author = {Mitchell, Timothy D. and Jones, Philip D.},<br />
title = {An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
number = {6},<br />
pages = {693-712},<br />
keywords = {climate, observations, grids, homogeneity, temperature, precipitation, vapour, cloud},<br />
issn = {1097-0088},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1181},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011,<br />
author = {Muhammad, A. and Seale, J. and Meade, B. and Regmi, A.},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1929},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012,<br />
author = {O’Neill, B.C. and Carter, T.R. and Ebi, K.L. and Edmonds, J. and Hallegatte, S. and Kemp-Benedict, E. and Kriegler, E. and Mearns, L. and Moss, R. and Riahi, K. and van Ruijven, B. and van Vuuren, D.},<br />
title = {Meeting Report of the Workshop on The Nature and Use of New Socioeconomic Pathways for Climate Change Research},<br />
institution = {NCAR},<br />
month = {November 2-4, 2011},<br />
url = {http://www.isp.ucar.edu/socio-economic-pathways},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987,<br />
author = {Parton, WJ and Schimel, DS and Ojima, DS and Cole, CV},<br />
title = {Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grasslands},<br />
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {5},<br />
pages = {1173-1179},<br />
year = {1987},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993,<br />
author = {Parton, W. J. and Scurlock, J. M. O. and Ojima, D. S. and Gilmanov, T. G. and Scholes, R. J. and Schimel, D. S. and Kirchner, T. and Menaut, J. C. and Seastedt, T. and Moya, E. G. and Kamnalrut, A. and Kinyamario, J. I.},<br />
title = {Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic-matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
pages = {785-809},<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008,<br />
author = {Ramankutty, N. and Evan, A.T. and Monfreda, C. and Foley, J.A.},<br />
title = {Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {1-19},<br />
issn = {0886-6236},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000,<br />
author = {Reynolds, CA and Jackson, TJ and Rawls, WJ},<br />
title = {Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions},<br />
journal = {Water Resources Research},<br />
volume = {36},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {3653-3662},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008,<br />
author = {Ruesch, Aaron and Gibbs, Holly K.},<br />
title = {New IPCC Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon Map For the Year 2000},<br />
institution = {Oak Ridge National Laboratory},<br />
type = {Available online from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center},<br />
url = {http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/global_carbon/carbon_documentation.html},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007,<br />
author = {Russ, P. and Wiesenthal, T. and van Regemorter, D. and Ciscar, J.C.},<br />
title = {Global Climate Policy Scenarios for 2030 and beyond: Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Pathway Scenarios with the POLES and GEME3 Models},<br />
journal = {Institute for Prospective technological Studies, October},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999,<br />
author = {Schloss, A. L. and Kicklighter, D. W. and Kaduk, J. and Wittenberg, U. and (The Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Comparison)},<br />
title = {Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): comparison of NPP to climate and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)},<br />
journal = {Global Change Biology},<br />
volume = {5},<br />
number = {S1},<br />
pages = {25-34},<br />
keywords = {NPP, global, model, climate, NDVI, seasonal},<br />
issn = {1365-2486},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00004.x},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007,<br />
author = {Schneider, Uwe A. and McCarl, Bruce A. and Schmid, Erwin},<br />
title = {Agricultural sector analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation in US agriculture and forestry},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {128 - 140},<br />
keywords = {Abatement function},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X06001028},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003,<br />
author = {Seale, James and Regmi, Anita and Bernstein, Jason},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1904},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
month = {October},<br />
url = {http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/InternationalFoodDemand/},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996,<br />
author = {Seré, C. and Steinfeld, H.},<br />
title = {World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organisation},<br />
number = {127},<br />
type = {Animal and Health Paper},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6101E/X6101E00.HTM},<br />
year = {1996},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008,<br />
author = {Skalsky, R. and Tarasovicova, Z. and Balkovic, J. and Schmid, E. and Fuchs, M. and Moltchanova, E. and Kindermann, G. and Scholtz, P.},<br />
title = {Geo-bene global database for bio-physical modeling v.1.0. Concepts, methodologies and data.Technical Report},<br />
institution = {IIASA},<br />
month = {accessed 13.03.09},<br />
url = {http://www.geo-bene.eu/?q=node/1734S},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971,<br />
author = {Takayama, T. and Judge, G.G.},<br />
title = {Spatial and temporal price and allocation models},<br />
publisher = {North-Holland Amsterdam},<br />
year = {1971},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013,<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Salvatore, Mirella and Rossi, Simone and Ferrara, Alessandro and Fitton, Nuala and Smith, Pete},<br />
title = {The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {015009},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/8/i=1/a=015009},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995,<br />
author = {Williams, J.R. and Singh, VP},<br />
title = {The EPIC model},<br />
journal = {Computer models of watershed hydrology},<br />
pages = {909-1000},<br />
year = {1995},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007,<br />
author = {Wint, W. and Robinson, T.},<br />
title = {Gridded livestock of the world 2007},<br />
publisher = {FAO},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006,<br />
author = {You, Liangzhi and Wood, Stanley},<br />
title = {An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {90},<br />
number = {1-3},<br />
pages = {329 - 347},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4JKYWM1-1/2/381253576eb09660fc9860c6c8bb8e1f},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006,<br />
author = {Izaurralde, R. C. and Williams, J. R. and McGill, W. B. and Rosenberg, N. J. and Jakas, M. C. Q.},<br />
title = {Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data},<br />
journal = {Ecological Modelling},<br />
volume = {192},<br />
number = {3-4},<br />
pages = {362-384},<br />
keywords = {Climate change<br />
Soil C model<br />
Soil carbon sequestration<br />
Tillage<br />
Water erosion<br />
Wind erosion},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31944437556&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{sauer_agriculture_2008,<br />
author = {Sauer, T. and Havlík, P. and Kindermann, G. and Schneider, U.A. . },<br />
title = {Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a changing World - the Role of Irrigation},<br />
institution = {Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management.},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. E. and McCallum, I. and Fritz, S. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {A global forest growing stock, biomass and carbon map based on FAO statistics},<br />
journal = {Silva Fennica},<br />
volume = {42},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {387-396},<br />
keywords = {Biomass map<br />
Downscaling<br />
Regression analysis},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46249088682&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005,<br />
author = {Biomass Technology Group},<br />
title = {Handbook Biomass Gasification},<br />
publisher = {H.A.M. Knoef. ISBN: 90-810068-1-9},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007,<br />
author = {Rametsteiner, E and Nilsson, S and Böttcher, H and Havlik, P and Kraxner, F and Leduc, S and Obersteiner, M and Rydzak, F and Schneider, U and Schwab, D and Willmore, L},<br />
title = {Study of the Effects of Globalization on the Economic Viability of EU Forestry. Final Report of the AGRI Tender Project: AGRI-G4-2006-06 [2007]. EC Contract Number 30-CE-0097579/00-89},<br />
institution = {EC/IIASA},<br />
url = {http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/viability_forestry/index_en.htm},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001,<br />
author = {Hamelinck, C.N. and Faaij, A.P.C.},<br />
title = {Future Prospects for Production of Methanol and Hydrogen from Biomass},<br />
institution = {Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Science Technology and Society},<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008,<br />
author = {Leduc, S. and Schwab, D. and Dotzauer, E. and Schmid, E. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},<br />
volume = {32},<br />
pages = {1080--1091 [2008]},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005,<br />
author = {Sørensen, A. L.},<br />
title = {Economies of Scale in Biomass Gasification Systems},<br />
institution = {IIASA },<br />
number = {Interim Report IR-05-030},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993,<br />
author = {Carpentieri, A. E. and Larson, E. D. and Woods, J.},<br />
title = {Future biomass-based electricity supply in Northeast Brazil},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
volume = {4},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {149-173},<br />
keywords = {bagasse<br />
Biomass electricity<br />
Brazil<br />
gas turbine<br />
gasifier<br />
plantations},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027382662&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008,<br />
author = {Herzogbaum, GmbH},<br />
title = {Forstpflanzen-Preisliste 2008. HERZOG.BAUM Samen & Pflanzen GmbH. Koaserbauerstr. 10, A - 4810 Gmunden. Austria (also available at www.energiehoelzer.at)},<br />
institution = {Herzogbaum GmbH},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997,<br />
author = {Jurvélius, Mike},<br />
title = {Labor-intensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern Philippines. Forest harvesting case -study 9. RAP Publication: 1997/41},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007,<br />
author = {ILO},<br />
title = {Occupational Wages and Hours of Work and Retail Food Prices, Statistics from the ILO October Inquiry},<br />
institution = {International Labor Organisation},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999,<br />
author = {FPP},<br />
title = {Holzernte in der Durchforstung; Leistungszahlen Kosten - OeBF Seiltabelle Sortimentverfahren (SKM-TAB)},<br />
institution = {Kooperationsabkommen Forst-Platte-Papier},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007,<br />
author = {Jiroušek, R. and Klvač, R. and Skoupý, A.},<br />
title = {Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations},<br />
journal = {Journal of Forest Science},<br />
volume = {53},<br />
number = {10},<br />
pages = {476-482},<br />
keywords = {Average tree volume<br />
Harvester<br />
Hauling distance<br />
Payload},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448931938&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986,<br />
author = {Stokes, B. J. and Frederick, D. J. and Curtin, D. T.},<br />
title = {Field trials of a short-rotation biomass feller buncher and selected harvesting systems},<br />
journal = {Biomass},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {185-204},<br />
keywords = {Biomass<br />
harvesting<br />
production<br />
yield},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0022984004&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1986},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004,<br />
author = {Wang, J. and Long, C. and McNeel, J. and Baumgras, J.},<br />
title = {Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {54},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {45-51},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844274724&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001,<br />
author = {Hartsough, B. R. and Zhang, X. and Fight, R. D.},<br />
title = {Harvesting cost model for small trees in natural stands in the Interior Northwest},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {54-61},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035306334&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006,<br />
author = {Heston, A. and Summers, R. and Aten, B.},<br />
title = {Penn World Table Version 6.2},<br />
institution = {Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. September 2006. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt62/pwt62_form.php},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5500Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:25:01Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
|IsEmpty=No<br />
|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Other sustainability dimensions<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
|HasSeq=4<br />
|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>. (Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5499Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:24:00Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Other sustainability dimensions<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
|HasSeq=4<br />
|HasParent=Non-climate sustainability dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to Cameron et al (2016)[[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
(Cameron et al, 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5498Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:22:36Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|IsDocumentationOf=MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
|DocumentationCategory=Other sustainability dimensions<br />
|HasLevel=2<br />
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==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]], "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in <xr id="fig:access"/>.<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:access"><br />
[[File:access.png|left|thumb|<caption>Overview of the MESSAGE-Access iteration process. Figure from Cameron et al. (2016).</caption>]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div><br />
<br />
([[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016]])</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=References_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5497References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:02:50Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
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{{#referencelist:<br />
|references=MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016;MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010;MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009;MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010;MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005;MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997;MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010;MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013;MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008;MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995;MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009;MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000;MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004;MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006;MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008;MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006;MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002;MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011;MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004;MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003;MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009;MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008;MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008;MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009;MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011;MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992;MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000;MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007;MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999;MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012;MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013;MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007;MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003;MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006;MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008;MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007;MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010;MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999;MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012;MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995;MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007;MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996;MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008;MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004;MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015;MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011;MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014;MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006;MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013;MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015;MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013;MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011;MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997;MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016;MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014;MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014;MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015;MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016;MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014;MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016;MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012;MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014;MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003;MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015;MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012;MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005;MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012;MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010;MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011;MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013;MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008;MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008;MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980;MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005;MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011;MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012;MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987;MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993;MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008;MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000;MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008;MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007;MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999;MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007;MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003;MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996;MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008;MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971;MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013;MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995;MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007;MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006;MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006;MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008;MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005;MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007;MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001;MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008;MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005;MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993;MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008;MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997;MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007;MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999;MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007;MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986;MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004;MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001;MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006|+sep=;<br />
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</div><br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016,<br />
title = {Policy trade-offs between climate mitigation and clean cook-stove access in South Asia},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
issn = {2058-7546},<br />
journal = {Nature Energy},<br />
author = {Cameron, Colin and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Narasimha D and McCollum, David and Rogelj, Joeri and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {15010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010,<br />
title = {Short term decisions for long term problems–The effect of foresight on model based energy systems analysis},<br />
volume = {35},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2033--2042}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009,<br />
title = {Implications of delayed participation and technology failure for the feasibility, costs, and likelihood of staying below temperature targets—Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {31},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
author = {Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {S94--S106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010,<br />
title = {Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options},<br />
volume = {107},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan and Keppo, Ilkka},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {1011--1016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005,<br />
title = {Structural change in energy use},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Schäfer, Andreas},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
pages = {429--437}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997,<br />
title = {Endogenized technological learning in an energy systems model},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
issn = {0936-9937},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {291--313}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010,<br />
title = {Determinants of household energy consumption in India},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Ekholm, Tommi and Krey, Volker and Pachauri, Shonali and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {5696--5707}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013,<br />
title = {Pathways to achieve universal household access to modern energy by 2030},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Pachauri, Shonali and van Ruijven, Bas J and Nagai, Yu and Riahi, Keywan and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Brew-Hammond, Abeeku and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {024015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012,<br />
title = {Chapter 7 - Energy resources and potentials},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
author = {Rogner, H and Aguilera, Roberto F and Archer, Christina and Bertani, Ruggero and Bhattacharya, S and Dusseault, M and Gagnon, Luc and Harbel, H and Hoogwijk, Monique and Johnson, Arthur},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {423--512}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004,<br />
type = {report},<br />
title = {On the global and regional potential of renewable energy sources (PhD Thesis)},<br />
institution = {Department of Science, Technology and Society. Utrecht University},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique Maria},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008,<br />
title = {Global potential of renewable energy sources: a literature assessment},<br />
journal = {Background report prepared by order of REN21. Ecofys, PECSNL072975},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique and Graus, Wina},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995,<br />
title = {Diffusion and learning curves of renewable-energy technologies},<br />
issn = {0304-7121},<br />
journal = {IIASA Report},<br />
author = {Christiansson, Lena},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007,<br />
title = {Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000–2080},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Fischer, Günther},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1030--1056}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009,<br />
title = {Future bio-energy potential under various natural constraints},<br />
volume = {37},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {11},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and van Vliet, Jasper and Stehfest, Elke},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {4220--4230}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Larson, Eric D. and Li, Zheng and Williams, Robert H.},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {901--992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000,<br />
title = {Greenhouse gas emissions in a dynamics-as-usual scenario of economic and energy development},<br />
volume = {63},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Roehrl, R Alexander},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {175--205}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004,<br />
title = {Prospects for carbon capture and sequestration technologies assuming their technological learning},<br />
volume = {29},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {9},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rubin, Edward S and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
pages = {1309--1318}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006,<br />
title = {The Role of Non-CO₃ Greenhouse Gases in Climate Change Mitigation: Long-term Scenarios for the 21st Century},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {177--200}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {{RCP} 8.5—{A} scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rao, Shilpa and Krey, Volker and Cho, Cheolhung and Chirkov, Vadim and Fischer, Guenther and Kindermann, Georg and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Rafaj, Peter},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {33--57}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of long-term socio-economic and environmental development under climate stabilization},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Grübler, Arnulf and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {887--935}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008,<br />
title = {{MAGICC}/{SCENGEN} 5.3: {User} manual (version 2)},<br />
volume = {80},<br />
journal = {NCAR, Boulder, CO},<br />
author = {Wigley, Tom ML},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007,<br />
title = {Probabilistic temperature change projections and energy system implications of greenhouse gas emission scenarios},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and O'Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {936--961}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009,<br />
title = {Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 {C}},<br />
volume = {458},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7242},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Meinshausen, Nicolai and Hare, William and Raper, Sarah CB and Frieler, Katja and Knutti, Reto and Frame, David J and Allen, Myles R},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {1158--1162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006,<br />
title = {What does a 2 {C} target mean for greenhouse gas concentrations? {A} brief analysis based on multi-gas emission pathways and several climate sensitivity uncertainty estimates},<br />
volume = {270},<br />
journal = {Avoiding dangerous climate change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2006}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002,<br />
title = {Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations},<br />
volume = {295},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5552},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Forest, Chris E and Stone, Peter H and Sokolov, Andrei P and Allen, Myles R and Webster, Mort D},<br />
year = {2002},<br />
pages = {113--117}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011,<br />
title = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}: {Modeling} and policy applications},<br />
volume = {26},<br />
issn = {1364-8152},<br />
shorttitle = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815211001733},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012},<br />
number = {12},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modelling \& Software},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Bertok, Imrich and Borken-Kleefeld, Jens and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena and Klimont, Zbigniew and Nguyen, Binh and Posch, Maximilian and Rafaj, Peter and Sandler, Robert and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Wagner, Fabian and Winiwarter, Wilfried},<br />
month = dec,<br />
year = {2011},<br />
keywords = {Air pollution, Convention on Long-range transboundary air pollution, Cost-effectiveness, Decision support, GAINS model, Integrated assessment, Science–policy interface},<br />
pages = {1489--1501}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004,<br />
title = {Current {Legislation}” and the “{Maximum} {Technically} {Feasible} {Reduction}” cases for the {CAFE} baseline emission projections},<br />
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zbigniew_Klimont/publication/230709494_The_Current_Legislation_and_the_Maximum_Technically_Feasible_Reduction_cases_for_the_CAFE_baseline_emission_projections._CAFE_Report__2/links/0deec53cd2d778aafb000000.pdf},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {IIASA, Vienna},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Cabala, Rafal and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Klimont, Zbigniew and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Tarrason, Leonor and Simpson, David and Wind, Peter and Jonson, Jan-Eiof},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003,<br />
title = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0961-9534},<br />
shorttitle = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195340200185X},<br />
doi = {10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00185-X},<br />
abstract = {This paper discusses the contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply. The discussion is based on a review of 17 earlier studies on the subject. These studies have arrived at widely different conclusions about the possible contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply (e.g., from below 100 EJ yr−1 to above 400 EJ yr−1 in 2050). The major reason for the differences is that the two most crucial parameters—land availability and yield levels in energy crop production—are very uncertain, and subject to widely different opinions (e.g., the assessed 2050 plantation supply ranges from below 50 EJ yr−1 to almost 240 EJ yr−1). However, also the expectations about future availability of forest wood and of residues from agriculture and forestry vary substantially among the studies.<br />
<br />
The question how an expanding bioenergy sector would interact with other land uses, such as food production, biodiversity, soil and nature conservation, and carbon sequestration has been insufficiently analyzed in the studies. It is therefore difficult to establish to what extent bioenergy is an attractive option for climate change mitigation in the energy sector. A refined modeling of interactions between different uses and bioenergy, food and materials production—i.e., of competition for resources, and of synergies between different uses—would facilitate an improved understanding of the prospects for large-scale bioenergy and of future land-use and biomass management in general},<br />
number = {1},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
author = {Berndes, Göran and Hoogwijk, Monique and van den Broek, Richard},<br />
month = jul,<br />
year = {2003},<br />
keywords = {Assessment, Bioenergy, Biomass energy, Global, Potential, Regional, Review, Scenario},<br />
pages = {1--28}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009,<br />
title = {Assessing biofuels: towards sustainable production and use of resources},<br />
isbn = {92-807-3052-5},<br />
publisher = {United Nations Environment Programme},<br />
author = {Bringezu, Stefan and Schütz, Helmut and O’Brien, Meghan and Kauppi, Lea and Howarth, Robert W and McNeely, Jeff},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008,<br />
title = {Biomass assessment: assessment of global biomass potentials and their links to food, water, biodiversity, energy demand and economy: inventory and analysis of existing studies: supporting document},<br />
number = {500102 014},<br />
journal = {Report/WAB},<br />
author = {Dornburg, Veronika and Faaij, APC and Verweij, PA and Banse, Martin and Diepen, Kees van and Keulen, Herman van and Langeveld, Hans and Meeusen, Marieke and Ven, Gerrie van de and Wester, Flip},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008,<br />
title = {Local and global consequences of the {EU} renewable directive for biofuels: {Testing} the sustainability criteria},<br />
journal = {Local and global consequences of the EU renewable directive for biofuels: testing the sustainability criteria},<br />
author = {Eickhout, Bas and van den Born, Gert Jan and Notenboom, Jos and Oorschot, M van and Ros, JPM and Van Vuuren, DP and Westhoek, HJ},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009,<br />
title = {Can technology deliver on the yield challenge to 2050?},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/3/a-ak542e/ak542e12a.pdf},<br />
institution = {Expert Meeting on How to feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
author = {Fischer, RA and Byerlee, Derek and Edmeades, Gregory O},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011,<br />
title = {Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980–2010 period},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Granier, Claire and Bessagnet, Bertrand and Bond, Tami and D’Angiola, Ariela and van Der Gon, Hugo Denier and Frost, Gregory J and Heil, Angelika and Kaiser, Johannes W and Kinne, Stefan and Klimont, Zbigniew},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {163--190}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992,<br />
title = {Buying greenhouse insurance: the economic costs of carbon dioxide emission limits},<br />
isbn = {0-262-13280-X},<br />
publisher = {MIT press},<br />
author = {Manne, Alan Sussmann and Richels, Richard G},<br />
year = {1992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000,<br />
title = {MESSAGE–MACRO: linking an energy supply model with a macroeconomic module and solving it iteratively},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {267--282}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007,<br />
title = {Energy from agricultural residues and consequences for land requirements for food production},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
author = {Nonhebel, Sanderine},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {586--592}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999,<br />
title = {An econometric analysis of the costs of sequestering carbon in forests},<br />
volume = {81},<br />
issn = {0002-9092},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
author = {Plantinga, Andrew J and Mauldin, Thomas and Miller, Douglas J},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {812--824}<br />
}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012,<br />
title = {Environmental modeling and methods for estimation of the global health impacts of air pollution},<br />
volume = {17},<br />
issn = {1420-2026},<br />
number = {6},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modeling \& Assessment},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Chirkov, Vadim and Dentener, Frank and Van Dingenen, Rita and Pachauri, Shonali and Purohit, Pallav and Amann, Markus and Heyes, Chris and Kinney, Patrick and Kolp, Peter},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {613--622}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013,<br />
title = {Better air for better health: {Forging} synergies in policies for energy access, climate change and air pollution},<br />
volume = {23},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Global environmental change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Pachauri, Shonali and Dentener, Frank and Kinney, Patrick and Klimont, Zbigniew and Riahi, Keywan and Schoepp, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {1122--1130}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Dentener, Frank and Gielen, Dolf and Grubler, Arnulf and Jewell, Jessica and Klimont, Zbigniew and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and van Ruijven, Bas and van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Wilson, Charlie},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {1203--1306}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007,<br />
title = {Geographically explicit global modeling of land-use change, carbon sequestration, and biomass supply},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Rokityanskiy, Dmitry and Benítez, Pablo C and Kraxner, Florian and McCallum, Ian and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and Yamagata, Yoshiki},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1057--1082}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003,<br />
title = {A summary note estimating global forestry {GHG} mitigation potential and costs: {A} dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
journal = {working draft, August},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Chan, Peter and Dale, Larry and Makundi, Willy and Andrasko, Ken},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
pages = {448--457}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006,<br />
title = {{GHG} mitigation potential, costs and benefits in global forests: a dynamic partial equilibrium approach},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Sathaye, Jayant and Makundi, Willy and Dale, Larry and Chan, Peter and Andrasko, Kenneth},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {127--162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008,<br />
title = {Use of {US} croplands for biofuels increases greenhouse gases through emissions from land-use change},<br />
volume = {319},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5867},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Searchinger, Timothy and Heimlich, Ralph and Houghton, Richard A and Dong, Fengxia and Elobeid, Amani and Fabiosa, Jacinto and Tokgoz, Simla and Hayes, Dermot and Yu, Tun-Hsiang},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
pages = {1238--1240}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007,<br />
title = {A bottom-up assessment and review of global bio-energy potentials to 2050},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0360-1285},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Progress in Energy and combustion science},<br />
author = {Smeets, Edward MW and Faaij, André PC and Lewandowski, Iris M and Turkenburg, Wim C},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {56--106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010,<br />
title = {Competition for land},<br />
volume = {365},<br />
issn = {0962-8436},<br />
number = {1554},<br />
journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences},<br />
author = {Smith, Pete and Gregory, Peter J and Van Vuuren, Detlef and Obersteiner, Michael and Havlík, Petr and Rounsevell, Mark and Woods, Jeremy and Stehfest, Elke and Bellarby, Jessica},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2941--2957}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999,<br />
title = {The costs of carbon sequestration: a revealed-preference approach},<br />
volume = {89},<br />
issn = {0002-8282},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {The American Economic Review},<br />
author = {Stavins, Robert N},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {994--1009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009,<br />
title = {Climate benefits of changing diet},<br />
volume = {95},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Stehfest, Elke and Bouwman, Lex and Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel GJ and Eickhout, Bas and Kabat, Pavel},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {83--102}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009,<br />
title = {Outlook on agricultural changes and its drivers},<br />
isbn = {1-59726-538-1},<br />
booktitle = {Agriculture at a {Crossroads}-the {Global} {Report} of the {International} {Assessment} of {Agricultural} {Knowledge}, {Science}, and {Technology}},<br />
publisher = {Island Press},<br />
author = {van Vuuren, Detlef and Ochola, Washington and Riha, Susan and Giampietro, Mario and Ginzo, Hector and Henrichs, Thomas and Hussain, Sajidin Hussain and Kok, Kaspar and Makhura, Moraka Makhura and Mirza, Monirul},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010,<br />
title = {Bio-energy use and low stabilization scenarios},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and Bellevrat, Elie and Kitous, Alban and Isaac, Morna},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {193--221}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012,<br />
title = {Copenhagen accord pledges imply higher costs for staying below 2 {C} warming},<br />
volume = {113},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {van Vliet, Jasper and van den Berg, Maarten and Schaeffer, Michiel and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Den Elzen, Michel and Hof, Andries F and Beltran, Angelica Mendoza and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {551--561}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995,<br />
title = {User's Guide for MESSAGE III},<br />
url = {http://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PUB/Documents/WP-95-069.pdf},<br />
institution = {International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007,<br />
title = {Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change},<br />
url = {http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_full_report.pdf},<br />
publisher = {IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland},<br />
author = {IPCC},<br />
year = {2007}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996,<br />
title = {Revised 1996 {IPCC} Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: The Workbook (Volume 2)},<br />
url = {http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs5a.html},<br />
publisher = {IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland},<br />
author = {IPCC},<br />
year = {1996}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008,<br />
title = {Long-term uranium supply estimates},<br />
volume = {162},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Nuclear Technology},<br />
author = {Schneider, Erich A and Sailor, William C},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
pages = {379--387}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004,<br />
author = "Richard Loulou and Gary Goldstein and Ken Noble",<br />
title = "Documentation for the MARKAL Family of Models - Part II: MARKAL-MACRO",<br />
publisher = "IEA Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (ETSAP)",<br />
year = "2004",<br />
type = "Manual",<br />
month = "October",<br />
url = "http://www.iea-etsap.org/web/MrklDoc-II_MARKALMACRO.pdf",<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015,<br />
title = {The roads ahead: narratives for shared socioeconomic pathways describing world futures in the 21st century},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Ebi, Kristie L and Kemp-Benedict, Eric and Riahi, Keywan and Rothman, Dale S and van Ruijven, Bas J and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Birkmann, Joern and Kok, Kasper},<br />
year = {2015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011,<br />
title = {Global land-use implications of first and second generation biofuel targets},<br />
volume = {39},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Havlík, Petr and Schneider, Uwe A and Schmid, Erwin and Böttcher, Hannes and Fritz, Steffen and Skalský, Rastislav and Aoki, Kentaro and De Cara, Stephane and Kindermann, Georg and Kraxner, Florian},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {5690--5702}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014,<br />
title = {Climate change mitigation through livestock system transitions},<br />
volume = {111},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {Havlík, Petr and Valin, Hugo and Herrero, Mario and Obersteiner, Michael and Schmid, Erwin and Rufino, Mariana C and Mosnier, Aline and Thornton, Philip K and Böttcher, Hannes and Conant, Richard T},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {3709--3714}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006,<br />
title = {Predicting the deforestation-trend under different carbon-prices},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Carbon Balance and management},<br />
author = {Kindermann, Georg E and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and McCallum, Ian},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {15}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010,<br />
title = {An algorithm for simulation of forest management decisions in the global forest model},<br />
issn = {1561-5359},<br />
journal = {Штучний інтелект},<br />
author = {Gusti, MI},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011,<br />
title = {Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models with a simpler model, {MAGICC}6–{Part} 1: {Model} description and calibration},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
issn = {1680-7316},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Raper, SCB and Wigley, TML},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {1417--1456}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {The {RCP} greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Smith, Steven J and Calvin, K and Daniel, John S and Kainuma, MLT and Lamarque, JF and Matsumoto, K and Montzka, SA and Raper, SCB and Riahi, K},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {213--241}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013,<br />
title = {2020 emissions levels required to limit warming to below 2°C},<br />
volume = {3},<br />
issn = {1758-678X},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Nature Climate Change},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and McCollum, David L and O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {405--412}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013,<br />
title = {Probabilistic cost estimates for climate change mitigation},<br />
volume = {493},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7430},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and McCollum, David L and Reisinger, Andy and Meinshausen, Malte and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {79--83}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013,<br />
author = {Sullivan, Patrick and Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
title = {Impacts of considering electric sector variability and reliability in the MESSAGE model},<br />
journal = {Energy Strategy Reviews},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {157-163},<br />
year = {2013}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015,<br />
title = {Mitigation choices impact carbon budget size compatible with low temperature goals},<br />
volume = {10},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Rogelj, Joeri and Reisinger, Andy and McCollum, David L and Knutti, Reto and Riahi, Keywan and Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
pages = {075003}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of global anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and methane until 2030},<br />
volume = {41},<br />
issn = {1352-2310},<br />
number = {38},<br />
journal = {Atmospheric Environment},<br />
author = {Cofala, Janusz and Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Kupiainen, Kaarle and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {8486--8499}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013,<br />
title = {Regional and global emissions of air pollutants: {Recent} trends and future scenarios},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {1543-5938},<br />
journal = {Annual Review of Environment and Resources},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Klimont, Zbigniew and Wagner, Fabian},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {31--55}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@webpage{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013,<br />
Type = webpage<br />
title = {Global {Mitigation} of {Non}-{CO}2 {Greenhouse} {Gases}: 2010-2030},<br />
url = {https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/EPAactivities/MAC_Report_2013.pdf},<br />
author = {Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)},<br />
year = {2013}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@webpage{MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011,<br />
title = {Emission {Database} for {Global} {Atmospheric} {Research} {EDGAR} v4.2},<br />
url = {http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=42},<br />
author = {Joint Research Centre, Global Emissions},<br />
month = nov,<br />
year = {2011}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997,<br />
title = {An assessment of world hydrocarbon resources},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
issn = {1056-3466},<br />
number = {1},<br />
journal = {Annual review of energy and the environment},<br />
author = {Rogner, Hans-Holger},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {217--262}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016,<br />
title = {The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their Energy, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implications},<br />
volume = {in press},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Vuuren, Detlef P. van and Kriegler, Elmar and Edmonds, Jae and O’Neill, Brian and Fujimori, Shinichiro and Bauer, Nico and Calvin, Katherine and Dellink, Rob and Fricko, Oliver and Lutz, Wolfgang and Popp, Alexander and Cuaresma, Jesus Crespo and KC, Samir and Leimbach, Marian and Jiang, Leiwen and Kram, Tom and Rao, Shilpa and Emmerling, Johannes and Ebi, Kristie and Hasegawa, Tomoko and Havlik, Petr and Humpenöder, Florian and Silva, Lara Aleluia Da and Smith, Steve and Stehfest, Elke and Bosetti, Valentina and Eom, Jiyong and Gernaat, David and Masui, Toshihiko and Rogelj, Joeri and Strefler, Jessica and Drouet, Laurent and Krey, Volker and Luderer, Gunnar and Harmsen, Mathijs and Takahashi, Kiyoshi and Baumstark, Lavinia and Doelman, Jonathan and Kainuma, Mikiko and Klimont, Zbigniew and Marangoni, Giacomo and Lotze-Campen, Hermann and Obersteiner, Michael and Tabeau, Andrzej and Tavoni, Massimo},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014,<br />
title = {A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept of shared socioeconomic pathways},<br />
volume = {122},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Riahi, Keywan and Ebi, Kristie L and Hallegatte, Stephane and Carter, Timothy R and Mathur, Ritu and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {387--400}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014,<br />
title = {The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: {Population} scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {KC, Samir and Lutz, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015,<br />
title = {Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Dellink, Rob and Chateau, Jean and Lanzi, Elisa and Magné, Bertrand},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016,<br />
title = {A reduced-form approach for representing the impacts of wind and solar PV deployment on the structure and operation of the electricity system},<br />
author = {Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and McPherson, Madleine and Parkinson, Simon and Krey, Volker and Sullivan, Patrick},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014,<br />
title = {Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power},<br />
author = {Pietzcker, R. C. and Stetter, D. and Manger, S. and Luderer, G.}, <br />
journal = {Applied Energy}, <br />
volume = {135},<br />
year = {2014},<br />
pages = {704-720}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016,<br />
title = {An improved global wind resource estimate for integrated assessment models},<br />
author = {Eurek, K. and Sullivan, P. and Gleason, M. and Hettinger, D. and Heimiller, D.M. and Lopez, A.},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}} <br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016,<br />
title = {The marker quantification of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2: a middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {In press},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Havlik, Petr and Rogelj, Joeri and Klimont, Zbigniew and Gusti, Mykola and Johnson, Nils and Kolp, Peter and Strubegger, Manfred and Valin, Hugo and Amann, Markus and Ermolieva, Tatiana and Forsell, Nicklas and Herrero, Mario and Heyes, Chris and Kindermann, Georg and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David L. and Obersteiner, Michael and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and Schmid, Erwin and Schoepp, Wolfgang and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012,<br />
title = {World {Development} {Indicators} 2012},<br />
isbn = {0-8213-8985-8},<br />
publisher = {World Bank Publications},<br />
author = {{World Bank Group}},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010,<br />
title = {World Population Projection},<br />
author = {UN Population Division},<br />
institution = {UN},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012,<br />
title = {Energy Balances},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014,<br />
title = {World {Energy} {Outlook} 2014},<br />
url = {http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2014/},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003,<br />
author = {{OECD} and {NEA}},<br />
title = {Uranium 2003: Resources, Production and Demand},<br />
institution = {{OECD/NEA}},<br />
number = {NEA-05291},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015,<br />
author = {Benjamin D. Leibowicz},<br />
title = {Growth and competition in renewable energy industries: Insights from an integrated assessment model with strategic firms},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {52, Part A},<br />
pages = {13 - 25},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.09.010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012,<br />
author = {Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle},<br />
title = {World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision},<br />
institution = {FAO},<br />
number = {12-03},<br />
type = {ESA Working Paper},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005,<br />
author = {Bouwman, A.F. and der Hoek, K.W. Van and Eickhout, B. and Soenario, I.},<br />
title = {Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {84},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {121 - 153},<br />
keywords = {Livestock production},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4D1R2W8-1/2/03e2156d5e708f1dd8a94eded7badddc},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004,<br />
author = {Conant, Richard T. and Paustian, Keith},<br />
title = {Grassland Management Activity Data: Current Sources and Future Needs},<br />
journal = {Environmental Management},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {467-473},<br />
keywords = {Soil carbon sequestration Grasslands Management activity data},<br />
issn = {0364-152X},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9104-7},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012,<br />
author = {EPA},<br />
title = {US Environmental Protection Agency Global Emissions Database},<br />
institution = {US Environmental Protection Agency},<br />
url = {http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011,<br />
author = {Fritz, Steffen and See, Linda and McCallum, Ian and Schill, Christian and Obersteiner, Michael and van der Velde, Marijn and Boettcher, Hannes and Havlík, Petr and Achard, Frédéric},<br />
title = {Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {6},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {044005},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/6/i=4/a=044005},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Havlik, P. and Valin, H. and Rufino, M.C. and Notenbaert, A.M.O. and Thornton, P.K. and Blummel, M. and Weiss, F. and Obertsteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Global livestock systems: biomass use, production, feed efficiencies and greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
type = {Journal Article},<br />
volume = {110},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {52},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {20888--20893}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R. and Reid, R.S.},<br />
title = {Systems dynamics and the spatial distribution of methane emissions from African domestic ruminants to 2030},<br />
journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems \& Environment},<br />
volume = {126},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
pages = {122 - 137},<br />
keywords = {Methane},<br />
issn = {0167-8809},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880908000121},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005,<br />
author = {Keyzer, M.A. and Merbis, M.D. and Pavel, I.F.P.W. and van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A.},<br />
title = {Diet shifts towards meat and the effects on cereal use: can we feed the animals in 2030?},<br />
journal = {Ecological Economics},<br />
volume = {55},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {187-202},<br />
keywords = {Cereal feed demand, Dietary change, Food consumption pattern, Land use, Meat demand},<br />
issn = {0921-8009},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004100},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. and Obersteiner, M. and Sohngen, B. and Sathaye, J. and Andrasko, K. and Rametsteiner, E. and Schlamadinger, B. and Wunder, S. and Beach, R.},<br />
title = {Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
volume = {105},<br />
number = {30},<br />
pages = {10302},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980,<br />
author = {McCarl, Bruce A. and Spreen, Thomas H.},<br />
title = {Price Endogenous Mathematical Programming as a Tool for Sector Analysis},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
volume = {62},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {87-102},<br />
issn = {00029092},<br />
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1239475},<br />
year = {1980},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005,<br />
author = {Mitchell, Timothy D. and Jones, Philip D.},<br />
title = {An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
number = {6},<br />
pages = {693-712},<br />
keywords = {climate, observations, grids, homogeneity, temperature, precipitation, vapour, cloud},<br />
issn = {1097-0088},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1181},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011,<br />
author = {Muhammad, A. and Seale, J. and Meade, B. and Regmi, A.},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1929},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012,<br />
author = {O’Neill, B.C. and Carter, T.R. and Ebi, K.L. and Edmonds, J. and Hallegatte, S. and Kemp-Benedict, E. and Kriegler, E. and Mearns, L. and Moss, R. and Riahi, K. and van Ruijven, B. and van Vuuren, D.},<br />
title = {Meeting Report of the Workshop on The Nature and Use of New Socioeconomic Pathways for Climate Change Research},<br />
institution = {NCAR},<br />
month = {November 2-4, 2011},<br />
url = {http://www.isp.ucar.edu/socio-economic-pathways},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987,<br />
author = {Parton, WJ and Schimel, DS and Ojima, DS and Cole, CV},<br />
title = {Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grasslands},<br />
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {5},<br />
pages = {1173-1179},<br />
year = {1987},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993,<br />
author = {Parton, W. J. and Scurlock, J. M. O. and Ojima, D. S. and Gilmanov, T. G. and Scholes, R. J. and Schimel, D. S. and Kirchner, T. and Menaut, J. C. and Seastedt, T. and Moya, E. G. and Kamnalrut, A. and Kinyamario, J. I.},<br />
title = {Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic-matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
pages = {785-809},<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008,<br />
author = {Ramankutty, N. and Evan, A.T. and Monfreda, C. and Foley, J.A.},<br />
title = {Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {1-19},<br />
issn = {0886-6236},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000,<br />
author = {Reynolds, CA and Jackson, TJ and Rawls, WJ},<br />
title = {Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions},<br />
journal = {Water Resources Research},<br />
volume = {36},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {3653-3662},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008,<br />
author = {Ruesch, Aaron and Gibbs, Holly K.},<br />
title = {New IPCC Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon Map For the Year 2000},<br />
institution = {Oak Ridge National Laboratory},<br />
type = {Available online from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center},<br />
url = {http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/global_carbon/carbon_documentation.html},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007,<br />
author = {Russ, P. and Wiesenthal, T. and van Regemorter, D. and Ciscar, J.C.},<br />
title = {Global Climate Policy Scenarios for 2030 and beyond: Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Pathway Scenarios with the POLES and GEME3 Models},<br />
journal = {Institute for Prospective technological Studies, October},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999,<br />
author = {Schloss, A. L. and Kicklighter, D. W. and Kaduk, J. and Wittenberg, U. and (The Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Comparison)},<br />
title = {Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): comparison of NPP to climate and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)},<br />
journal = {Global Change Biology},<br />
volume = {5},<br />
number = {S1},<br />
pages = {25-34},<br />
keywords = {NPP, global, model, climate, NDVI, seasonal},<br />
issn = {1365-2486},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00004.x},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007,<br />
author = {Schneider, Uwe A. and McCarl, Bruce A. and Schmid, Erwin},<br />
title = {Agricultural sector analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation in US agriculture and forestry},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {128 - 140},<br />
keywords = {Abatement function},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X06001028},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003,<br />
author = {Seale, James and Regmi, Anita and Bernstein, Jason},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1904},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
month = {October},<br />
url = {http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/InternationalFoodDemand/},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996,<br />
author = {Seré, C. and Steinfeld, H.},<br />
title = {World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organisation},<br />
number = {127},<br />
type = {Animal and Health Paper},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6101E/X6101E00.HTM},<br />
year = {1996},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008,<br />
author = {Skalsky, R. and Tarasovicova, Z. and Balkovic, J. and Schmid, E. and Fuchs, M. and Moltchanova, E. and Kindermann, G. and Scholtz, P.},<br />
title = {Geo-bene global database for bio-physical modeling v.1.0. Concepts, methodologies and data.Technical Report},<br />
institution = {IIASA},<br />
month = {accessed 13.03.09},<br />
url = {http://www.geo-bene.eu/?q=node/1734S},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971,<br />
author = {Takayama, T. and Judge, G.G.},<br />
title = {Spatial and temporal price and allocation models},<br />
publisher = {North-Holland Amsterdam},<br />
year = {1971},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013,<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Salvatore, Mirella and Rossi, Simone and Ferrara, Alessandro and Fitton, Nuala and Smith, Pete},<br />
title = {The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {015009},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/8/i=1/a=015009},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995,<br />
author = {Williams, J.R. and Singh, VP},<br />
title = {The EPIC model},<br />
journal = {Computer models of watershed hydrology},<br />
pages = {909-1000},<br />
year = {1995},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007,<br />
author = {Wint, W. and Robinson, T.},<br />
title = {Gridded livestock of the world 2007},<br />
publisher = {FAO},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006,<br />
author = {You, Liangzhi and Wood, Stanley},<br />
title = {An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {90},<br />
number = {1-3},<br />
pages = {329 - 347},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4JKYWM1-1/2/381253576eb09660fc9860c6c8bb8e1f},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006,<br />
author = {Izaurralde, R. C. and Williams, J. R. and McGill, W. B. and Rosenberg, N. J. and Jakas, M. C. Q.},<br />
title = {Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data},<br />
journal = {Ecological Modelling},<br />
volume = {192},<br />
number = {3-4},<br />
pages = {362-384},<br />
keywords = {Climate change<br />
Soil C model<br />
Soil carbon sequestration<br />
Tillage<br />
Water erosion<br />
Wind erosion},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31944437556&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{sauer_agriculture_2008,<br />
author = {Sauer, T. and Havlík, P. and Kindermann, G. and Schneider, U.A. . },<br />
title = {Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a changing World - the Role of Irrigation},<br />
institution = {Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management.},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. E. and McCallum, I. and Fritz, S. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {A global forest growing stock, biomass and carbon map based on FAO statistics},<br />
journal = {Silva Fennica},<br />
volume = {42},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {387-396},<br />
keywords = {Biomass map<br />
Downscaling<br />
Regression analysis},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46249088682&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005,<br />
author = {Biomass Technology Group},<br />
title = {Handbook Biomass Gasification},<br />
publisher = {H.A.M. Knoef. ISBN: 90-810068-1-9},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007,<br />
author = {Rametsteiner, E and Nilsson, S and Böttcher, H and Havlik, P and Kraxner, F and Leduc, S and Obersteiner, M and Rydzak, F and Schneider, U and Schwab, D and Willmore, L},<br />
title = {Study of the Effects of Globalization on the Economic Viability of EU Forestry. Final Report of the AGRI Tender Project: AGRI-G4-2006-06 [2007]. EC Contract Number 30-CE-0097579/00-89},<br />
institution = {EC/IIASA},<br />
url = {http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/viability_forestry/index_en.htm},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001,<br />
author = {Hamelinck, C.N. and Faaij, A.P.C.},<br />
title = {Future Prospects for Production of Methanol and Hydrogen from Biomass},<br />
institution = {Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Science Technology and Society},<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008,<br />
author = {Leduc, S. and Schwab, D. and Dotzauer, E. and Schmid, E. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},<br />
volume = {32},<br />
pages = {1080--1091 [2008]},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005,<br />
author = {Sørensen, A. L.},<br />
title = {Economies of Scale in Biomass Gasification Systems},<br />
institution = {IIASA },<br />
number = {Interim Report IR-05-030},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993,<br />
author = {Carpentieri, A. E. and Larson, E. D. and Woods, J.},<br />
title = {Future biomass-based electricity supply in Northeast Brazil},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
volume = {4},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {149-173},<br />
keywords = {bagasse<br />
Biomass electricity<br />
Brazil<br />
gas turbine<br />
gasifier<br />
plantations},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027382662&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008,<br />
author = {Herzogbaum, GmbH},<br />
title = {Forstpflanzen-Preisliste 2008. HERZOG.BAUM Samen & Pflanzen GmbH. Koaserbauerstr. 10, A - 4810 Gmunden. Austria (also available at www.energiehoelzer.at)},<br />
institution = {Herzogbaum GmbH},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997,<br />
author = {Jurvélius, Mike},<br />
title = {Labor-intensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern Philippines. Forest harvesting case -study 9. RAP Publication: 1997/41},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007,<br />
author = {ILO},<br />
title = {Occupational Wages and Hours of Work and Retail Food Prices, Statistics from the ILO October Inquiry},<br />
institution = {International Labor Organisation},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999,<br />
author = {FPP},<br />
title = {Holzernte in der Durchforstung; Leistungszahlen Kosten - OeBF Seiltabelle Sortimentverfahren (SKM-TAB)},<br />
institution = {Kooperationsabkommen Forst-Platte-Papier},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007,<br />
author = {Jiroušek, R. and Klvač, R. and Skoupý, A.},<br />
title = {Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations},<br />
journal = {Journal of Forest Science},<br />
volume = {53},<br />
number = {10},<br />
pages = {476-482},<br />
keywords = {Average tree volume<br />
Harvester<br />
Hauling distance<br />
Payload},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448931938&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986,<br />
author = {Stokes, B. J. and Frederick, D. J. and Curtin, D. T.},<br />
title = {Field trials of a short-rotation biomass feller buncher and selected harvesting systems},<br />
journal = {Biomass},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {185-204},<br />
keywords = {Biomass<br />
harvesting<br />
production<br />
yield},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0022984004&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1986},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004,<br />
author = {Wang, J. and Long, C. and McNeel, J. and Baumgras, J.},<br />
title = {Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {54},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {45-51},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844274724&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001,<br />
author = {Hartsough, B. R. and Zhang, X. and Fight, R. D.},<br />
title = {Harvesting cost model for small trees in natural stands in the Interior Northwest},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {54-61},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035306334&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006,<br />
author = {Heston, A. and Summers, R. and Aten, B.},<br />
title = {Penn World Table Version 6.2},<br />
institution = {Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. September 2006. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt62/pwt62_form.php},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=References_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5496References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T16:00:53Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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|HasLevel=1<br />
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|HasParent=Model Documentation_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM<br />
}}<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{{#referencelist:<br />
|references=MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016;MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010;MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009;MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010;MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005;MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997;MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010;MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013;MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004;MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008;MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995;MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009;MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000;MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004;MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006;MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008;MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006;MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002;MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011;MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004;MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003;MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009;MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008;MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008;MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009;MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011;MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992;MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000;MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007;MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999;MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012;MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013;MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012;MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007;MSG-GLB_sathaye_summary_2003;MSG-GLB_sathaye_ghg_2006;MSG-GLB_searchinger_use_2008;MSG-GLB_smeets_bottom-up_2007;MSG-GLB_smith_competition_2010;MSG-GLB_stavins_costs_1999;MSG-GLB_stehfest_climate_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_outlook_2009;MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_bio-energy_2010;MSG-GLB_van_vliet_copenhagen_2012;MSG-GLB_messner_users_1995;MSG-GLB_ipcc_climate_2007;MSG-GLB_ipcc_revised_1996;MSG-GLB_schneider_long-term_2008;MSG-GLB_loulou_markal-macro_2004;MSG-GLB_oneill_roads_2015;MSG-GLB_havlik_global_2011;MSG-GLB_havlik_climate_2014;MSG-GLB_kindermann_predicting_2006;MSG-GLB_gusti_algorithm_2010;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_emulating_2011;MSG-GLB_meinshausen_rcp_2011;MSG-GLB_rogelj_2020_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_probabilistic_2013;MSG-GLB_sullivan_electric_2013;MSG-GLB_rogelj_mitigation_2015;MSG-GLB_cofala_scenarios_2007;MSG-GLB_amann_regional_2013;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_global_2013;MSG-GLB_joint_research_centre_global_emissions_emission_2011;MSG-GLB_rogner_assessment_1997;MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016;MSG-GLB_oneill_new_2014;MSG-GLB_kc_human_2014;MSG-GLB_dellink_long-term_2015;MSG-GLB_johnson_vre_2016;MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014;MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016;MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016;MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012;MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_energy_2012;MSG-GLB_international_energy_agency_world_2014;MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003;MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015;MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012;MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005;MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004;MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012;MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010;MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011;MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013;MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008;MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008;MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980;MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005;MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011;MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012;MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987;MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993;MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008;MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000;MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008;MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007;MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999;MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007;MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003;MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996;MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008;MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971;MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013;MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995;MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007;MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006;MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006;MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006;MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008;MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005;MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007;MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001;MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008;MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005;MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993;MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008;MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997;MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007;MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999;MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007;MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986;MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004;MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001;MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006|+sep=;<br />
|browselinks=yes<br />
|columns=2<br />
|header=List<br />
|listtype=ul<br />
}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_cameron_policy_2016,<br />
title = {Policy trade-offs between climate mitigation and clean cook-stove access in {South} {Asia}},<br />
volume = {1},<br />
issn = {2058-7546},<br />
journal = {Nature Energy},<br />
author = {Cameron, Colin and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Narasimha D and McCollum, David and Rogelj, Joeri and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016},<br />
pages = {15010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_short_2010,<br />
title = {Short term decisions for long term problems–The effect of foresight on model based energy systems analysis},<br />
volume = {35},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and Strubegger, Manfred},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {2033--2042}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_krey_implications_2009,<br />
title = {Implications of delayed participation and technology failure for the feasibility, costs, and likelihood of staying below temperature targets—Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {31},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
author = {Krey, Volker and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {S94--S106}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_oneill_mitigation_2010,<br />
title = {Mitigation implications of midcentury targets that preserve long-term climate policy options},<br />
volume = {107},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan and Keppo, Ilkka},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {1011--1016}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schafer_structural_2005,<br />
title = {Structural change in energy use},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Schäfer, Andreas},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
pages = {429--437}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_endogenized_1997,<br />
title = {Endogenized technological learning in an energy systems model},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
issn = {0936-9937},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Economics},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
pages = {291--313}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ekholm_determinants_2010,<br />
title = {Determinants of household energy consumption in India},<br />
volume = {38},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {10},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Ekholm, Tommi and Krey, Volker and Pachauri, Shonali and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
pages = {5696--5707}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_pachauri_pathways_2013,<br />
title = {Pathways to achieve universal household access to modern energy by 2030},<br />
volume = {8},<br />
issn = {1748-9326},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
author = {Pachauri, Shonali and van Ruijven, Bas J and Nagai, Yu and Riahi, Keywan and van Vuuren, Detlef P and Brew-Hammond, Abeeku and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {024015}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_rogner_chapter_2012,<br />
title = {Chapter 7 - Energy resources and potentials},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
publisher = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
author = {Rogner, H and Aguilera, Roberto F and Archer, Christina and Bertani, Ruggero and Bhattacharya, S and Dusseault, M and Gagnon, Luc and Harbel, H and Hoogwijk, Monique and Johnson, Arthur},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {423--512}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2004,<br />
type = {report},<br />
title = {On the global and regional potential of renewable energy sources (PhD Thesis)},<br />
institution = {Department of Science, Technology and Society. Utrecht University},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique Maria},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hoogwijk_global_2008,<br />
title = {Global potential of renewable energy sources: a literature assessment},<br />
journal = {Background report prepared by order of REN21. Ecofys, PECSNL072975},<br />
author = {Hoogwijk, Monique and Graus, Wina},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_christiansson_diffusion_1995,<br />
title = {Diffusion and learning curves of renewable-energy technologies},<br />
issn = {0304-7121},<br />
journal = {IIASA Report},<br />
author = {Christiansson, Lena},<br />
year = {1995}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_reducing_2007,<br />
title = {Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000–2080},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Fischer, Günther},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1030--1056}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_van_vuuren_future_2009,<br />
title = {Future bio-energy potential under various natural constraints},<br />
volume = {37},<br />
issn = {0301-4215},<br />
number = {11},<br />
journal = {Energy Policy},<br />
author = {Van Vuuren, Detlef P and van Vliet, Jasper and Stehfest, Elke},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {4220--4230}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_larson_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 12 - Fossil Energy},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Larson, Eric D. and Li, Zheng and Williams, Robert H.},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {901--992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_greenhouse_2000,<br />
title = {Greenhouse gas emissions in a dynamics-as-usual scenario of economic and energy development},<br />
volume = {63},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Roehrl, R Alexander},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {175--205}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_prospects_2004,<br />
title = {Prospects for carbon capture and sequestration technologies assuming their technological learning},<br />
volume = {29},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {9},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rubin, Edward S and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
pages = {1309--1318}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_role_2006,<br />
title = {The Role of Non-CO₃ Greenhouse Gases in Climate Change Mitigation: Long-term Scenarios for the 21st Century},<br />
issn = {0195-6574},<br />
journal = {The Energy Journal},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
pages = {177--200}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_rcp_2011,<br />
title = {{RCP} 8.5—{A} scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Rao, Shilpa and Krey, Volker and Cho, Cheolhung and Chirkov, Vadim and Fischer, Guenther and Kindermann, Georg and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Rafaj, Peter},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {33--57}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_riahi_scenarios_2007,<br />
title = {Scenarios of long-term socio-economic and environmental development under climate stabilization},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Grübler, Arnulf and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {887--935}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wigley_magicc/scengen_2008,<br />
title = {{MAGICC}/{SCENGEN} 5.3: {User} manual (version 2)},<br />
volume = {80},<br />
journal = {NCAR, Boulder, CO},<br />
author = {Wigley, Tom ML},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keppo_probabilistic_2007,<br />
title = {Probabilistic temperature change projections and energy system implications of greenhouse gas emission scenarios},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Keppo, Ilkka and O'Neill, Brian C and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {936--961}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_greenhouse-gas_2009,<br />
title = {Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 {C}},<br />
volume = {458},<br />
issn = {0028-0836},<br />
number = {7242},<br />
journal = {Nature},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte and Meinshausen, Nicolai and Hare, William and Raper, Sarah CB and Frieler, Katja and Knutti, Reto and Frame, David J and Allen, Myles R},<br />
year = {2009},<br />
pages = {1158--1162}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_meinshausen_what_2006,<br />
title = {What does a 2 {C} target mean for greenhouse gas concentrations? {A} brief analysis based on multi-gas emission pathways and several climate sensitivity uncertainty estimates},<br />
volume = {270},<br />
journal = {Avoiding dangerous climate change},<br />
author = {Meinshausen, Malte},<br />
year = {2006}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_forest_quantifying_2002,<br />
title = {Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations},<br />
volume = {295},<br />
issn = {0036-8075},<br />
number = {5552},<br />
journal = {Science},<br />
author = {Forest, Chris E and Stone, Peter H and Sokolov, Andrei P and Allen, Myles R and Webster, Mort D},<br />
year = {2002},<br />
pages = {113--117}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_cost-effective_2011,<br />
title = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}: {Modeling} and policy applications},<br />
volume = {26},<br />
issn = {1364-8152},<br />
shorttitle = {Cost-effective control of air quality and greenhouse gases in {Europe}},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815211001733},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.07.012},<br />
number = {12},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modelling \& Software},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Bertok, Imrich and Borken-Kleefeld, Jens and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Höglund-Isaksson, Lena and Klimont, Zbigniew and Nguyen, Binh and Posch, Maximilian and Rafaj, Peter and Sandler, Robert and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Wagner, Fabian and Winiwarter, Wilfried},<br />
month = dec,<br />
year = {2011},<br />
keywords = {Air pollution, Convention on Long-range transboundary air pollution, Cost-effectiveness, Decision support, GAINS model, Integrated assessment, Science–policy interface},<br />
pages = {1489--1501}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_amann_current_2004,<br />
title = {Current {Legislation}” and the “{Maximum} {Technically} {Feasible} {Reduction}” cases for the {CAFE} baseline emission projections},<br />
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zbigniew_Klimont/publication/230709494_The_Current_Legislation_and_the_Maximum_Technically_Feasible_Reduction_cases_for_the_CAFE_baseline_emission_projections._CAFE_Report__2/links/0deec53cd2d778aafb000000.pdf},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {IIASA, Vienna},<br />
author = {Amann, Markus and Cabala, Rafal and Cofala, Janusz and Heyes, Chris and Klimont, Zbigniew and Schöpp, Wolfgang and Tarrason, Leonor and Simpson, David and Wind, Peter and Jonson, Jan-Eiof},<br />
year = {2004}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_berndes_contribution_2003,<br />
title = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply: a review of 17 studies},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0961-9534},<br />
shorttitle = {The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096195340200185X},<br />
doi = {10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00185-X},<br />
abstract = {This paper discusses the contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply. The discussion is based on a review of 17 earlier studies on the subject. These studies have arrived at widely different conclusions about the possible contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply (e.g., from below 100 EJ yr−1 to above 400 EJ yr−1 in 2050). The major reason for the differences is that the two most crucial parameters—land availability and yield levels in energy crop production—are very uncertain, and subject to widely different opinions (e.g., the assessed 2050 plantation supply ranges from below 50 EJ yr−1 to almost 240 EJ yr−1). However, also the expectations about future availability of forest wood and of residues from agriculture and forestry vary substantially among the studies.<br />
<br />
The question how an expanding bioenergy sector would interact with other land uses, such as food production, biodiversity, soil and nature conservation, and carbon sequestration has been insufficiently analyzed in the studies. It is therefore difficult to establish to what extent bioenergy is an attractive option for climate change mitigation in the energy sector. A refined modeling of interactions between different uses and bioenergy, food and materials production—i.e., of competition for resources, and of synergies between different uses—would facilitate an improved understanding of the prospects for large-scale bioenergy and of future land-use and biomass management in general},<br />
number = {1},<br />
urldate = {2016-03-24},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
author = {Berndes, Göran and Hoogwijk, Monique and van den Broek, Richard},<br />
month = jul,<br />
year = {2003},<br />
keywords = {Assessment, Bioenergy, Biomass energy, Global, Potential, Regional, Review, Scenario},<br />
pages = {1--28}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_bringezu_assessing_2009,<br />
title = {Assessing biofuels: towards sustainable production and use of resources},<br />
isbn = {92-807-3052-5},<br />
publisher = {United Nations Environment Programme},<br />
author = {Bringezu, Stefan and Schütz, Helmut and O’Brien, Meghan and Kauppi, Lea and Howarth, Robert W and McNeely, Jeff},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_dornburg_biomass_2008,<br />
title = {Biomass assessment: assessment of global biomass potentials and their links to food, water, biodiversity, energy demand and economy: inventory and analysis of existing studies: supporting document},<br />
number = {500102 014},<br />
journal = {Report/WAB},<br />
author = {Dornburg, Veronika and Faaij, APC and Verweij, PA and Banse, Martin and Diepen, Kees van and Keulen, Herman van and Langeveld, Hans and Meeusen, Marieke and Ven, Gerrie van de and Wester, Flip},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_eickhout_local_2008,<br />
title = {Local and global consequences of the {EU} renewable directive for biofuels: {Testing} the sustainability criteria},<br />
journal = {Local and global consequences of the EU renewable directive for biofuels: testing the sustainability criteria},<br />
author = {Eickhout, Bas and van den Born, Gert Jan and Notenboom, Jos and Oorschot, M van and Ros, JPM and Van Vuuren, DP and Westhoek, HJ},<br />
year = {2008}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_MSG-GLB_fischer_can_2009,<br />
title = {Can technology deliver on the yield challenge to 2050?},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/3/a-ak542e/ak542e12a.pdf},<br />
institution = {Expert Meeting on How to feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
author = {Fischer, RA and Byerlee, Derek and Edmeades, Gregory O},<br />
year = {2009}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_granier_evolution_2011,<br />
title = {Evolution of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of air pollutants at global and regional scales during the 1980–2010 period},<br />
volume = {109},<br />
issn = {0165-0009},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {Granier, Claire and Bessagnet, Bertrand and Bond, Tami and D’Angiola, Ariela and van Der Gon, Hugo Denier and Frost, Gregory J and Heil, Angelika and Kaiser, Johannes W and Kinne, Stefan and Klimont, Zbigniew},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
pages = {163--190}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_manne_buying_1992,<br />
title = {Buying greenhouse insurance: the economic costs of carbon dioxide emission limits},<br />
isbn = {0-262-13280-X},<br />
publisher = {MIT press},<br />
author = {Manne, Alan Sussmann and Richels, Richard G},<br />
year = {1992}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_messner_messagemacro:_2000,<br />
title = {MESSAGE–MACRO: linking an energy supply model with a macroeconomic module and solving it iteratively},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
issn = {0360-5442},<br />
number = {3},<br />
journal = {Energy},<br />
author = {Messner, Sabine and Schrattenholzer, Leo},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
pages = {267--282}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_nonhebel_energy_2007,<br />
title = {Energy from agricultural residues and consequences for land requirements for food production},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
number = {2},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
author = {Nonhebel, Sanderine},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {586--592}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_plantinga_econometric_1999,<br />
title = {An econometric analysis of the costs of sequestering carbon in forests},<br />
volume = {81},<br />
issn = {0002-9092},<br />
number = {4},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
author = {Plantinga, Andrew J and Mauldin, Thomas and Miller, Douglas J},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
pages = {812--824}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_environmental_2012,<br />
title = {Environmental modeling and methods for estimation of the global health impacts of air pollution},<br />
volume = {17},<br />
issn = {1420-2026},<br />
number = {6},<br />
journal = {Environmental Modeling \& Assessment},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Chirkov, Vadim and Dentener, Frank and Van Dingenen, Rita and Pachauri, Shonali and Purohit, Pallav and Amann, Markus and Heyes, Chris and Kinney, Patrick and Kolp, Peter},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {613--622}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rao_better_2013,<br />
title = {Better air for better health: {Forging} synergies in policies for energy access, climate change and air pollution},<br />
volume = {23},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
number = {5},<br />
journal = {Global environmental change},<br />
author = {Rao, Shilpa and Pachauri, Shonali and Dentener, Frank and Kinney, Patrick and Klimont, Zbigniew and Riahi, Keywan and Schoepp, Wolfgang},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {1122--1130}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@incollection{MSG-GLB_riahi_chapter_2012,<br />
address = {Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria},<br />
title = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
isbn = {9781 10700 5198 hardback 9780 52118 2935 paperback},<br />
shorttitle = {Chapter 17 - Energy Pathways for Sustainable Development},<br />
url = {www.globalenergyassessment.org},<br />
booktitle = {Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future},<br />
author = {Riahi, Keywan and Dentener, Frank and Gielen, Dolf and Grubler, Arnulf and Jewell, Jessica and Klimont, Zbigniew and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and van Ruijven, Bas and van Vuuren, Detlef P. and Wilson, Charlie},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
pages = {1203--1306}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_rokityanskiy_geographically_2007,<br />
title = {Geographically explicit global modeling of land-use change, carbon sequestration, and biomass supply},<br />
volume = {74},<br />
issn = {0040-1625},<br />
number = {7},<br />
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},<br />
author = {Rokityanskiy, Dmitry and Benítez, Pablo C and Kraxner, Florian and McCallum, Ian and Obersteiner, Michael and Rametsteiner, Ewald and Yamagata, Yoshiki},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
pages = {1057--1082}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
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url = {https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/EPAactivities/MAC_Report_2013.pdf},<br />
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title = {An assessment of world hydrocarbon resources},<br />
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volume = {in press},<br />
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009},<br />
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title = {A new scenario framework for climate change research: the concept of shared socioeconomic pathways},<br />
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number = {3},<br />
journal = {Climatic Change},<br />
author = {O’Neill, Brian C and Kriegler, Elmar and Riahi, Keywan and Ebi, Kristie L and Hallegatte, Stephane and Carter, Timothy R and Mathur, Ritu and van Vuuren, Detlef P},<br />
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title = {The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: {Population} scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100},<br />
issn = {0959-3780},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
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year = {2014}<br />
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title = {Long-term economic growth projections in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways},<br />
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journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Dellink, Rob and Chateau, Jean and Lanzi, Elisa and Magné, Bertrand},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
url = {http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/13280/}<br />
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title = {A reduced-form approach for representing the impacts of wind and solar PV deployment on the structure and operation of the electricity system},<br />
author = {Johnson, Nils and Strubegger, Manfred and McPherson, Madleine and Parkinson, Simon and Krey, Volker and Sullivan, Patrick},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_pietzcker_solar_2014,<br />
title = {Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power},<br />
author = {Pietzcker, R. C. and Stetter, D. and Manger, S. and Luderer, G.}, <br />
journal = {Applied Energy}, <br />
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year = {2014},<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_eurek_wind_2016,<br />
title = {An improved global wind resource estimate for integrated assessment models},<br />
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journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {In Review},<br />
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title = {The marker quantification of the shared socioeconomic pathway 2: a middle-of-the-road scenario for the 21st century},<br />
volume = {In press},<br />
journal = {Global Environmental Change},<br />
author = {Fricko, Oliver and Havlik, Petr and Rogelj, Joeri and Klimont, Zbigniew and Gusti, Mykola and Johnson, Nils and Kolp, Peter and Strubegger, Manfred and Valin, Hugo and Amann, Markus and Ermolieva, Tatiana and Forsell, Nicklas and Herrero, Mario and Heyes, Chris and Kindermann, Georg and Krey, Volker and McCollum, David L. and Obersteiner, Michael and Pachauri, Shonali and Rao, Shilpa and Schmid, Erwin and Schoepp, Wolfgang and Riahi, Keywan},<br />
year = {2016}<br />
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@book{MSG-GLB_world_bank_group_world_2012,<br />
title = {World {Development} {Indicators} 2012},<br />
isbn = {0-8213-8985-8},<br />
publisher = {World Bank Publications},<br />
author = {{World Bank Group}},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
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@techreport{MSG-GLB_un_population_division_world_2010,<br />
title = {World Population Projection},<br />
author = {UN Population Division},<br />
institution = {UN},<br />
year = {2010}<br />
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title = {Energy Balances},<br />
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institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2012}<br />
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title = {World {Energy} {Outlook} 2014},<br />
url = {http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo2014/},<br />
author = {International Energy Agency},<br />
institution = {International Energy Agency},<br />
year = {2014}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oecd_uranium_2003,<br />
author = {{OECD} and {NEA}},<br />
title = {Uranium 2003: Resources, Production and Demand},<br />
institution = {{OECD/NEA}},<br />
number = {NEA-05291},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leibowicz_growth_2015,<br />
author = {Benjamin D. Leibowicz},<br />
title = {Growth and competition in renewable energy industries: Insights from an integrated assessment model with strategic firms},<br />
journal = {Energy Economics},<br />
volume = {52, Part A},<br />
pages = {13 - 25},<br />
year = {2015},<br />
issn = {0140-9883},<br />
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.09.010}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_alexandratos_world_2012,<br />
author = {Alexandratos, Nikos and Bruinsma, Jelle},<br />
title = {World agriculture towards 2030/2050: the 2012 revision},<br />
institution = {FAO},<br />
number = {12-03},<br />
type = {ESA Working Paper},<br />
month = {June},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_bouwman_exploring_2005,<br />
author = {Bouwman, A.F. and der Hoek, K.W. Van and Eickhout, B. and Soenario, I.},<br />
title = {Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {84},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {121 - 153},<br />
keywords = {Livestock production},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4D1R2W8-1/2/03e2156d5e708f1dd8a94eded7badddc},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_conant_grassland_2004,<br />
author = {Conant, Richard T. and Paustian, Keith},<br />
title = {Grassland Management Activity Data: Current Sources and Future Needs},<br />
journal = {Environmental Management},<br />
volume = {33},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {467-473},<br />
keywords = {Soil carbon sequestration Grasslands Management activity data},<br />
issn = {0364-152X},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9104-7},<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_environmental_protection_agency_epa_US_2012,<br />
author = {EPA},<br />
title = {US Environmental Protection Agency Global Emissions Database},<br />
institution = {US Environmental Protection Agency},<br />
url = {http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_food_and_agricultural_organization_fao_global_2010,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
url = {http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/},<br />
year = {2010},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_fritz_highlighting_2011,<br />
author = {Fritz, Steffen and See, Linda and McCallum, Ian and Schill, Christian and Obersteiner, Michael and van der Velde, Marijn and Boettcher, Hannes and Havlík, Petr and Achard, Frédéric},<br />
title = {Highlighting continued uncertainty in global land cover maps for the user community},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
volume = {6},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {044005},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/6/i=4/a=044005},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_global_2013,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Havlik, P. and Valin, H. and Rufino, M.C. and Notenbaert, A.M.O. and Thornton, P.K. and Blummel, M. and Weiss, F. and Obertsteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Global livestock systems: biomass use, production, feed efficiencies and greenhouse gas emissions},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
type = {Journal Article},<br />
volume = {110},<br />
issn = {0027-8424},<br />
number = {52},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
pages = {20888--20893}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_herrero_systems_2008,<br />
author = {Herrero, M. and Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R. and Reid, R.S.},<br />
title = {Systems dynamics and the spatial distribution of methane emissions from African domestic ruminants to 2030},<br />
journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems \& Environment},<br />
volume = {126},<br />
number = {1-2},<br />
pages = {122 - 137},<br />
keywords = {Methane},<br />
issn = {0167-8809},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880908000121},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_keyzer_diet_2005,<br />
author = {Keyzer, M.A. and Merbis, M.D. and Pavel, I.F.P.W. and van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A.},<br />
title = {Diet shifts towards meat and the effects on cereal use: can we feed the animals in 2030?},<br />
journal = {Ecological Economics},<br />
volume = {55},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {187-202},<br />
keywords = {Cereal feed demand, Dietary change, Food consumption pattern, Land use, Meat demand},<br />
issn = {0921-8009},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004100},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. and Obersteiner, M. and Sohngen, B. and Sathaye, J. and Andrasko, K. and Rametsteiner, E. and Schlamadinger, B. and Wunder, S. and Beach, R.},<br />
title = {Global cost estimates of reducing carbon emissions through avoided deforestation},<br />
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},<br />
volume = {105},<br />
number = {30},<br />
pages = {10302},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mccarl_surplus_1980,<br />
author = {McCarl, Bruce A. and Spreen, Thomas H.},<br />
title = {Price Endogenous Mathematical Programming as a Tool for Sector Analysis},<br />
journal = {American Journal of Agricultural Economics},<br />
volume = {62},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {87-102},<br />
issn = {00029092},<br />
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1239475},<br />
year = {1980},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_mitchell_improved_2005,<br />
author = {Mitchell, Timothy D. and Jones, Philip D.},<br />
title = {An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},<br />
volume = {25},<br />
number = {6},<br />
pages = {693-712},<br />
keywords = {climate, observations, grids, homogeneity, temperature, precipitation, vapour, cloud},<br />
issn = {1097-0088},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1181},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_muhammad_international_2011,<br />
author = {Muhammad, A. and Seale, J. and Meade, B. and Regmi, A.},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns: An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1929},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
year = {2011},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_oneill_meeting_2012,<br />
author = {O’Neill, B.C. and Carter, T.R. and Ebi, K.L. and Edmonds, J. and Hallegatte, S. and Kemp-Benedict, E. and Kriegler, E. and Mearns, L. and Moss, R. and Riahi, K. and van Ruijven, B. and van Vuuren, D.},<br />
title = {Meeting Report of the Workshop on The Nature and Use of New Socioeconomic Pathways for Climate Change Research},<br />
institution = {NCAR},<br />
month = {November 2-4, 2011},<br />
url = {http://www.isp.ucar.edu/socio-economic-pathways},<br />
year = {2012},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_analysis_1987,<br />
author = {Parton, WJ and Schimel, DS and Ojima, DS and Cole, CV},<br />
title = {Analysis of factors controlling soil organic matter levels in Great Plains grasslands},<br />
journal = {Soil Science Society of America Journal},<br />
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pages = {1173-1179},<br />
year = {1987},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_parton_observations_1993,<br />
author = {Parton, W. J. and Scurlock, J. M. O. and Ojima, D. S. and Gilmanov, T. G. and Scholes, R. J. and Schimel, D. S. and Kirchner, T. and Menaut, J. C. and Seastedt, T. and Moya, E. G. and Kamnalrut, A. and Kinyamario, J. I.},<br />
title = {Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic-matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {7},<br />
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year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_ramankutty_farming_2008,<br />
author = {Ramankutty, N. and Evan, A.T. and Monfreda, C. and Foley, J.A.},<br />
title = {Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000},<br />
journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},<br />
volume = {22},<br />
number = {1},<br />
pages = {1-19},<br />
issn = {0886-6236},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_reynolds_estimating_2000,<br />
author = {Reynolds, CA and Jackson, TJ and Rawls, WJ},<br />
title = {Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions},<br />
journal = {Water Resources Research},<br />
volume = {36},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {3653-3662},<br />
year = {2000},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ruesch_new_ipcc_2008,<br />
author = {Ruesch, Aaron and Gibbs, Holly K.},<br />
title = {New IPCC Tier-1 Global Biomass Carbon Map For the Year 2000},<br />
institution = {Oak Ridge National Laboratory},<br />
type = {Available online from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center},<br />
url = {http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/ndp/global_carbon/carbon_documentation.html},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_russ_global_2007,<br />
author = {Russ, P. and Wiesenthal, T. and van Regemorter, D. and Ciscar, J.C.},<br />
title = {Global Climate Policy Scenarios for 2030 and beyond: Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Pathway Scenarios with the POLES and GEME3 Models},<br />
journal = {Institute for Prospective technological Studies, October},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schloss_comparing_1999,<br />
author = {Schloss, A. L. and Kicklighter, D. W. and Kaduk, J. and Wittenberg, U. and (The Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Comparison)},<br />
title = {Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): comparison of NPP to climate and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)},<br />
journal = {Global Change Biology},<br />
volume = {5},<br />
number = {S1},<br />
pages = {25-34},<br />
keywords = {NPP, global, model, climate, NDVI, seasonal},<br />
issn = {1365-2486},<br />
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00004.x},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_schneider_agricultural_2007,<br />
author = {Schneider, Uwe A. and McCarl, Bruce A. and Schmid, Erwin},<br />
title = {Agricultural sector analysis on greenhouse gas mitigation in US agriculture and forestry},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {94},<br />
number = {2},<br />
pages = {128 - 140},<br />
keywords = {Abatement function},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X06001028},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_seale_international_2003,<br />
author = {Seale, James and Regmi, Anita and Bernstein, Jason},<br />
title = {International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns},<br />
institution = {USDA-ERS},<br />
number = {1904},<br />
type = {Technical Bulletin},<br />
month = {October},<br />
url = {http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/InternationalFoodDemand/},<br />
year = {2003},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sere_world_1996,<br />
author = {Seré, C. and Steinfeld, H.},<br />
title = {World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organisation},<br />
number = {127},<br />
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url = {http://www.fao.org/WAIRDOCS/LEAD/X6101E/X6101E00.HTM},<br />
year = {1996},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_skalsky_geo-bene_2008,<br />
author = {Skalsky, R. and Tarasovicova, Z. and Balkovic, J. and Schmid, E. and Fuchs, M. and Moltchanova, E. and Kindermann, G. and Scholtz, P.},<br />
title = {Geo-bene global database for bio-physical modeling v.1.0. Concepts, methodologies and data.Technical Report},<br />
institution = {IIASA},<br />
month = {accessed 13.03.09},<br />
url = {http://www.geo-bene.eu/?q=node/1734S},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_takayama_spatial_1971,<br />
author = {Takayama, T. and Judge, G.G.},<br />
title = {Spatial and temporal price and allocation models},<br />
publisher = {North-Holland Amsterdam},<br />
year = {1971},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
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}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
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@article{MSG-GLB_tubiello_faostat_2013,<br />
author = {Tubiello, Francesco N and Salvatore, Mirella and Rossi, Simone and Ferrara, Alessandro and Fitton, Nuala and Smith, Pete},<br />
title = {The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture},<br />
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},<br />
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pages = {015009},<br />
url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/8/i=1/a=015009},<br />
year = {2013},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_williams_computer_1995,<br />
author = {Williams, J.R. and Singh, VP},<br />
title = {The EPIC model},<br />
journal = {Computer models of watershed hydrology},<br />
pages = {909-1000},<br />
year = {1995},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_wint_gridded_2007,<br />
author = {Wint, W. and Robinson, T.},<br />
title = {Gridded livestock of the world 2007},<br />
publisher = {FAO},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_you_entropy_2006,<br />
author = {You, Liangzhi and Wood, Stanley},<br />
title = {An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production},<br />
journal = {Agricultural Systems},<br />
volume = {90},<br />
number = {1-3},<br />
pages = {329 - 347},<br />
issn = {0308-521X},<br />
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T3W-4JKYWM1-1/2/381253576eb09660fc9860c6c8bb8e1f},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_izaurralde_simulating_2006,<br />
author = {Izaurralde, R. C. and Williams, J. R. and McGill, W. B. and Rosenberg, N. J. and Jakas, M. C. Q.},<br />
title = {Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long-term data},<br />
journal = {Ecological Modelling},<br />
volume = {192},<br />
number = {3-4},<br />
pages = {362-384},<br />
keywords = {Climate change<br />
Soil C model<br />
Soil carbon sequestration<br />
Tillage<br />
Water erosion<br />
Wind erosion},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-31944437556&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{sauer_agriculture_2008,<br />
author = {Sauer, T. and Havlík, P. and Kindermann, G. and Schneider, U.A. . },<br />
title = {Agriculture, Population, Land and Water Scarcity in a changing World - the Role of Irrigation},<br />
institution = {Congress of the European Association of Agricultural Economists},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FAO_global_2006,<br />
author = {FAO},<br />
title = {Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Progress towards sustainable forest management.},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_kindermann_global_forest_2008,<br />
author = {Kindermann, G. E. and McCallum, I. and Fritz, S. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {A global forest growing stock, biomass and carbon map based on FAO statistics},<br />
journal = {Silva Fennica},<br />
volume = {42},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {387-396},<br />
keywords = {Biomass map<br />
Downscaling<br />
Regression analysis},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46249088682&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@book{MSG-GLB_biomass_handbook_2005,<br />
author = {Biomass Technology Group},<br />
title = {Handbook Biomass Gasification},<br />
publisher = {H.A.M. Knoef. ISBN: 90-810068-1-9},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Book}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_rametsteiner_study_2007,<br />
author = {Rametsteiner, E and Nilsson, S and Böttcher, H and Havlik, P and Kraxner, F and Leduc, S and Obersteiner, M and Rydzak, F and Schneider, U and Schwab, D and Willmore, L},<br />
title = {Study of the Effects of Globalization on the Economic Viability of EU Forestry. Final Report of the AGRI Tender Project: AGRI-G4-2006-06 [2007]. EC Contract Number 30-CE-0097579/00-89},<br />
institution = {EC/IIASA},<br />
url = {http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/viability_forestry/index_en.htm},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_hamelinck_future_2001,<br />
author = {Hamelinck, C.N. and Faaij, A.P.C.},<br />
title = {Future Prospects for Production of Methanol and Hydrogen from Biomass},<br />
institution = {Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Science Technology and Society},<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
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{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_leduc_optimal_2008,<br />
author = {Leduc, S. and Schwab, D. and Dotzauer, E. and Schmid, E. and Obersteiner, M.},<br />
title = {Optimal location of wood gasification plants for methanol production with heat recovery},<br />
journal = {International Journal of Energy Research},<br />
volume = {32},<br />
pages = {1080--1091 [2008]},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_sørensen_economies_2005,<br />
author = {Sørensen, A. L.},<br />
title = {Economies of Scale in Biomass Gasification Systems},<br />
institution = {IIASA },<br />
number = {Interim Report IR-05-030},<br />
year = {2005},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_carpentieri_future_1993,<br />
author = {Carpentieri, A. E. and Larson, E. D. and Woods, J.},<br />
title = {Future biomass-based electricity supply in Northeast Brazil},<br />
journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy},<br />
volume = {4},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {149-173},<br />
keywords = {bagasse<br />
Biomass electricity<br />
Brazil<br />
gas turbine<br />
gasifier<br />
plantations},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027382662&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1993},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@report{MSG-GLB_herzogbaum_forstpflanzen_2008,<br />
author = {Herzogbaum, GmbH},<br />
title = {Forstpflanzen-Preisliste 2008. HERZOG.BAUM Samen & Pflanzen GmbH. Koaserbauerstr. 10, A - 4810 Gmunden. Austria (also available at www.energiehoelzer.at)},<br />
institution = {Herzogbaum GmbH},<br />
year = {2008},<br />
type = {report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_jurvélius_labor_1997,<br />
author = {Jurvélius, Mike},<br />
title = {Labor-intensive harvesting of tree plantations in the southern Philippines. Forest harvesting case -study 9. RAP Publication: 1997/41},<br />
institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations},<br />
year = {1997},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_ILO_occupational_2007,<br />
author = {ILO},<br />
title = {Occupational Wages and Hours of Work and Retail Food Prices, Statistics from the ILO October Inquiry},<br />
institution = {International Labor Organisation},<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_FPP_holzernte_1999,<br />
author = {FPP},<br />
title = {Holzernte in der Durchforstung; Leistungszahlen Kosten - OeBF Seiltabelle Sortimentverfahren (SKM-TAB)},<br />
institution = {Kooperationsabkommen Forst-Platte-Papier},<br />
year = {1999},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_jiroušek_productivity_2007,<br />
author = {Jiroušek, R. and Klvač, R. and Skoupý, A.},<br />
title = {Productivity and costs of the mechanised cut-to-length wood harvesting system in clear-felling operations},<br />
journal = {Journal of Forest Science},<br />
volume = {53},<br />
number = {10},<br />
pages = {476-482},<br />
keywords = {Average tree volume<br />
Harvester<br />
Hauling distance<br />
Payload},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35448931938&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2007},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_stokes_field_1986,<br />
author = {Stokes, B. J. and Frederick, D. J. and Curtin, D. T.},<br />
title = {Field trials of a short-rotation biomass feller buncher and selected harvesting systems},<br />
journal = {Biomass},<br />
volume = {11},<br />
number = {3},<br />
pages = {185-204},<br />
keywords = {Biomass<br />
harvesting<br />
production<br />
yield},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0022984004&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {1986},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_wang_productivity_2004,<br />
author = {Wang, J. and Long, C. and McNeel, J. and Baumgras, J.},<br />
title = {Productivity and cost of manual felling and cable skidding in central Appalachian hardwood forests},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {54},<br />
number = {12},<br />
pages = {45-51},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11844274724&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2004},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@article{MSG-GLB_hartsough_harvesting_2001,<br />
author = {Hartsough, B. R. and Zhang, X. and Fight, R. D.},<br />
title = {Harvesting cost model for small trees in natural stands in the Interior Northwest},<br />
journal = {Forest Products Journal},<br />
volume = {51},<br />
number = {4},<br />
pages = {54-61},<br />
url = {http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035306334&partnerID=40&rel=R8.2.0 },<br />
year = {2001},<br />
type = {Journal Article}<br />
}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{#scite:<br />
|bibtex=<br />
@techreport{MSG-GLB_heston_penn_2006,<br />
author = {Heston, A. and Summers, R. and Aten, B.},<br />
title = {Penn World Table Version 6.2},<br />
institution = {Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania. September 2006. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt62/pwt62_form.php},<br />
year = {2006},<br />
type = {Report}<br />
}<br />
}}</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Model_scope_and_methods_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5495Model scope and methods - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T15:50:45Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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MESSAGE represents the core of the IIASA IAM framework <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam"/> and its main task is to optimize the energy system so that it can satisfy specified energy demands at the lowest costs. MESSAGE carries out this optimization in an iterative setup with MACRO, which provides estimates of the macro-economic demand response that results of energy system and services costs computed by MESSAGE. For the six commercial end-use demand categories depicted in MESSAGE (see [[Energy_demand_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Demand of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]), MACRO will adjust useful energy demands, until the two models have reached equilibrium (see [[Macro-economy_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Macro-economy section of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]). This iteration reflects price-induced energy efficiency improvements that can occur when energy prices increase.<br />
<br />
GLOBIOM provides MESSAGE with information on land use and its implications, like the availability and cost of bio-energy, and availability and cost of emission mitigation in the AFOLU (Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use) sector (see [[Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Land-use of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]). To reduce computational costs, MESSAGE iteratively queries a GLOBIOM emulator which can provide possible land-use outcomes during the optimization process instead of requiring the GLOBIOM model to be rerun continuously. Only once the iteration between MESSAGE and MACRO has converged, the resulting bioenergy demands along with corresponding carbon prices are used for a concluding online analysis with the full-fledged GLOBIOM model. This ensures full consistency in the modelled results from MESSAGE and GLOBIOM, and also allows the production of a more extensive set of reporting variables.<br />
<br />
Air pollution implications of the energy system are computed in MESSAGE by applying technology-specific pollution coefficients from GAINS (see [[Pollutants_and_non-GHG_forcing_agents_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents for MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]] and [[Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Air pollution and health of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]).<br />
<br />
In general, cumulative global GHG emissions from all sectors are constrained at different levels to reach the forcing levels (cf. right-hand side <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam"/>). The climate constraints are thus taken up in the coupled MESSAGE-GLOBIOM optimization, and the resulting carbon price is fed back to the full-fledged GLOBIOM model for full consistency. Finally, the combined results for land use, energy, and industrial emissions from MESSAGE and GLOBIOM are merged and fed into MAGICC (see [[Climate_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Climate of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]), a global carbon-cycle and climate model, which then provides estimates of the climate implications in terms of atmospheric concentrations, radiative forcing, and global-mean temperature increase. Importantly, climate impacts and impacts of the carbon cycle are currently not accounted for in the IIASA IAM framework. The entire framework is linked to an online database infrastructure which allows straightforward visualisation, analysis, comparison and dissemination of results (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]]).<br />
<br />
<div style=" overflow: auto;"><br />
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam"><br />
[[File:iiasaiam.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the IIASA IAM framework. Coloured boxes represent respective specialized disciplinary models which are integrated for generating internally consistent scenarios. Figure from Riahi et al. (2016).</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016]]<br />
</figure><br />
</div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Model_Documentation_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5494Model Documentation - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T15:49:30Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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The IIASA IAM framework consists of a combination of five different models or modules - the energy model MESSAGE, the land use model GLOBIOM, the air pollution and GHG model GAINS, the aggregated macro-economic model MACRO and the simple climate model MAGICC - which complement each other and are specialized in different areas. All models and modules together build the IIASA IAM framework, also referred to as MESSAGE-GLOBIOM owing to the fact that the energy model MESSAGE and the land use model GLOBIOM are its most important components. The five models provide input to and iterate between each other during a typical SSP scenario development cycle.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5493Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T15:46:08Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to '''Cameron et al (2016)''', "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in '''Figure x'''.<br />
<br />
[access figure here]<br />
<br />
('''Cameron et al, 2016''')</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Non-climate_sustainability_dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5492Non-climate sustainability dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T15:45:09Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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Even other non-climate sustainable development dimensions have been modeled with the MESSAGE-GLOBIOM model framework. These include health impacts of air pollution, water implications and energy access. These are presented in the subsections of this chapter.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Other_sustainability_dimensions_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5491Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-14T15:44:16Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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Even other non-climate sustainable development dimensions have been modeled with the MESSAGE-GLOBIOM model framework. These include health impacts of air pollution, water implications and energy access. These are presented in the subsections of this chapter.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=File:Access.png&diff=5489File:Access.png2016-10-14T15:31:09Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Water_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5469Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-13T16:02:23Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ModelDocumentationTemplate<br />
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Quantifying water implications of energy transitions is important for assessing long-term freshwater sustainability since large volumes of water are currently used throughout the energy sector. MESSAGE has been adapted to quantify the water impact of energy system transformation pathways developed in the global energy assessment (GEA, '''add link''') ('''Riahi et al 2012'''). The GEA pathways were designed to describe transformative changes toward a more sustainable future, and include a 2 °C climate policy. The GEA scenarios were chosen for the water analysis because the broad range of energy transitions covered by the scenario space which provides an ideal platform to assess uncertainties in future water demand stemming from technology choices made in the energy sector.</div>Johanna Zilliacushttps://www.iamcdocumentation.eu/index.php?title=Non-climate_sustainability_dimension_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM&diff=5468Non-climate sustainability dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM2016-10-13T15:37:24Z<p>Johanna Zilliacus: </p>
<hr />
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==Energy access==<br />
<br />
Three billion people globally depend on solid fuels for cooking and heating. According to '''Cameron et al (2016)''', "household air pollution from the incomplete combustion of these fuels globally leads to 4.3 million premature deaths each year, with 1.7 million of those in South Asia". The Indian government is subsidizing petroleum-based fuels (such as kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas - LPG) to increase their uptake, however, still more than 72% of Indians mostly rely on solid fuels. Further, it is expected that more stringent climate policies will increase the cost of fuels making a switch to cleaner cooking more challenging.<br />
<br />
For studying energy access issues, a household fuel-choice model, Access, is used in combination with MESSAGE. At the moment the MESSAGE Access runs have been developed for South Asia, which has the largest amount of solid-fuel users in the world. These two models are run iteratively until convergence: the Access model takes fuel prices from MESSAGE, selects optimal fuel choices for all household groups, and returns aggregate residential demand for the five cooking fuels (LPG, piped gas, electricity, kerosene, and biomass). MESSAGE, in turn, determines the least-cost energy supply pathway to meet these demands and returns new prices. Climate policy is implemented from 2020 through 2100, with the implied carbon equivalent value rising at a discount rate of 5% per year over the time period.<br />
<br />
The Access model reads in prices for five fuels from MESSAGE over the period from 2005 to 2100 and determines demand for each fuel in multiple heterogeneous population sub-groups. In<br />
this study, Access is implemented only for the MESSAGE South Asia region and represents only demand for cooking fuels. The Access model requires data inputs in three categories: 1) household<br />
characteristics and fuel preferences for each population sub-group calculated from nationally representative household surveys, 2) regional projections of population, GDP, urbanization, and<br />
electrification source and 3) cooking technology attribute data. When used in conjunction with MESSAGE, the two models iterate to account for the impact of changing household energy<br />
demands on fuel prices. MESSAGE-Access iterates until the output of the Access model from a given run is within 2% of its output from the previous run. This process is visualized in '''Figure x'''.<br />
<br />
[access figure here]<br />
<br />
('''Cameron et al, 2016''')</div>Johanna Zilliacus