]> 2026-05-25T02:40:32+02:00 Euro-Calliope 0 en Wind power-offshore Gas CHP Bioenergy CHP Waste CHP Hydroelectricity is constrained to current capacity. Bioenergy is constrained by resource limits. Nuclear is forced to be in the system whereas countries have declared they will maintain a certain amount of nuclear. Transmission expansion has limits Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) Regional other Optimization Energy system model Synthetic fuels (gases and liquids), aggregate Electric heat sources (e.g. resistance heating, heat pumps) Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) Static Optimization TU Delft (TU Delft), The Netherlands, https://www.tudelft.nl/. Sector-Coupled Euro-Calliope reference card only Aggregate heavy-duty vehicles (Buses and generic heavy duty vehicles), both electric and diesel-based Aggregate light-duty vehicles (passenger cars, motorcycles, generic light-duty vehicles), both electric and diesel based published Hydrogen to gas Hydrogen to Kerosene Hydrogene to Methanol Hydrogen to Diesel Static Bioenergy products Diesel Kerosene Methanol 1.0 2023-05-19T10:18:10Z 2460083.9292824 Euro-Calliope 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:Euro-Calliope]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYab755c769e956fd1014617b6dcd20451 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::About]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY977cd6080f49b3edbbb8857274234c92 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::About]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYfcc41b5ad1822a38d45b89829581acbc 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Name and version]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYe68cfbdb2255d03893151e7f20e42562 0 0 plainlist 1 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[[HasID::Employment rate]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY03543da57ee169cd236904e52829820f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Labor productivity]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY195d62e9686fd9abf266767cc4a4f6eb 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Total factor productivity]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYb5513cc231b6d4ac7047520558b710d3 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Autonomous energy efficiency improvements]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY33f8b0cf57d043c1ae59568aee9dbd62 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Other socio economic driver]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYdac1b791d7b19de3b0619fefe18ed5f4 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::Economic sector]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY5ad28c8be5e5a017084b8c09ff38703c 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::Macro-economy]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] 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TC]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY205344ccbbdbbca6bdc71e7ec71adf84 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Energy End-use TC]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY2e433da1003cf9537e7bf211c50600f5 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Material Use TC]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYa8b6d86528421a424f6758ca626dde83 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Agriculture TC]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYc7e61a2379b6027d9a9f12a492ed2110 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Other technological change]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY2ea9ba6c9b588d49ba513c12bcc2cdc0 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYc6618c0af5a34f941da1003d6ab0bffe 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::Energy technology substitution]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYb7784c8d757e168d5b40eebac11011fa 0 1 plainlist 6 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[[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Energy technology substitutability]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY33c1653b23c0319815f5f1b2df389645 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Energy technology deployment]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY6aefea1f6beebff4cbc338339f8b3eb2 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Electricity technologies]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY9495b62ed46eae190bf6a96256af757d 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Hydrogen production]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYfe971f6923f8457817bcaa1e526fa732 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Refined liquids]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYb2c15c93ec75dd0e8d443a4478af73d7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Refined gases]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYd6a3a3d223723dec1e0b16a08728bd75 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Heat generation]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYe778103d0d1e11cc7faae258563fbc65 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Electricity GI]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY88d2bf129a67f21a8e09c5ec0f597abd 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Gas GI]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY7de3d2b2db6cb5e2c2d9951a9fa9bc21 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Heat GI]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYe346ae19cad0b96d0f11610cff4de1e7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::CO2 GI]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY424e911608285f54adad3659a127b859 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Hydrogen GI]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYf380c68e11ebcc90370c2a1cea58d270 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Other grid and infrastructure]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYdf2001cfefe2669d4910d37060ac7fb2 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Passenger transportation]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYa5e16f51a494ac04045c9f946c7faa6f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Freight transportation]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY8db2d64d3380b447ca1c71c845c24c7b 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Industry]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYb526b5f313f896c3aa2282fe4513f67f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Residential and commercial]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYee1ec2341ae461cef1355b2252722a5b 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Land-use]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYfaf0379e192205c7b623b81eb1ea9885 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Land-use]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYb4fe77d96c2100b19803b5d0d780ea06 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Land cover]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY87490187078cc866a39353a1f070563f 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureLand-use]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYa220370afae3a76c12c15b5cb62a78a0 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Agriculture and forestry demands]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY6757e039e38474d88aadf5fcf32af58e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Agricultural commodities]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY0fd727253754dbff62e27a98381692be 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::Euro-Calliope]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Emission, climate and impacts]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYefa06b2ec3a9a8c75da9e6264ea2923e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Emission, climate and impacts]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY1f354baba930006ee95a731047da170e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Greenhouse gases]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYe013095ab9d66c1198af0aee53eb3d05 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY64bdb2d73ae2511fdbde0d62dfd8924f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Pollutants]] Euro-Calliope# QUERYadd35a3927d0eab8fd43b4b6bc0be592 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Climate indicators]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY5cfc9eb63ea844083487cd94fd4328e6 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Carbon dioxide removal]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY85cf5e3f590cc360f023e47860586b12 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Climate change impacts]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY9f6f139d3504a8765d7882729fe46024 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Co-Linkages]] Euro-Calliope# QUERY85838152aaafebfdf70894b7693fc685 0 About Name and version 1 Sector-Coupled Euro-Calliope 1.0 main Euro-Calliope#Name and version 0 About Model link 2 https://github.com/calliope-project/sector-coupled-euro-calliope main Euro-Calliope#Model link 0 About Documentation 4 Euro-Calliope documentation is limited and consists of a reference card main Euro-Calliope#Documentation 0 About Institution 3 TU Delft (TU Delft), The Netherlands, https://www.tudelft.nl/. main Euro-Calliope#Institution 0 About Process state 5 published main Euro-Calliope#Process state 0 Model scope and methods Model type Integrated assessment model Energy system model CGE CBA-integrated assessment model Energy system model 1 main Euro-Calliope#Model type 0 Model scope and methods Geographical scope Global Regional Regional 2 main Euro-Calliope#Geographical scope 0 Model scope and methods Objective 3 Default: to minimise the actualised total system cost, including both investment costs and operation costs for a full weather year of operation. Different objective functions are possible. main Euro-Calliope#Objective 0 Model scope and methods Solution concept Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand) Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) General equilibrium (closed economy) Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) 4 main Euro-Calliope#Solution concept 0 Model scope and methods Optimising the end-state of the system for a given planning horizon Solution horizon Recursive dynamic (myopic) Intertemporal optimization (foresight) 5 Static main Euro-Calliope#Solution horizon 0 Model scope and methods Solution method Simulation Optimization Optimization 6 main Euro-Calliope#Solution method 0 Model scope and methods Anticipation 7 main Euro-Calliope#Anticipation 0 Model scope and methods Temporal dimension 8 Base year:, time steps:Hourly, horizon: 2020, 2030 or 2050 main Euro-Calliope#Temporal dimension 0 Model scope and methods The 35 considered countries are further divided into sub-country regions. In total, the model has 98 sub-national regions Spatial dimension Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Northern Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia 9 Number of regions:35 countries (further divided into 98 sub-regions)) main Euro-Calliope#Spatial dimension 0 Model scope and methods Time discounting type Discount rate exogenous Discount rate endogenous Discount rate exogenous 10 main Euro-Calliope#Time discounting type 0 Model scope and methods Policies Emission tax Emission pricing Cap and trade Fuel taxes Fuel subsidies Feed-in-tariff Portfolio standard Capacity targets Emission standards Energy efficiency standards Agricultural producer subsidies Agricultural consumer subsidies Land protection Pricing carbon stocks Emission tax 11 main Euro-Calliope#Policies 0 Socio-economic drivers Population Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 1 main Euro-Calliope#Population 0 Socio-economic drivers Population age structure Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 2 main Euro-Calliope#Population age structure 0 Socio-economic drivers Education level Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 3 main Euro-Calliope#Education level 0 Socio-economic drivers Urbanization rate Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 4 main Euro-Calliope#Urbanization rate 0 Socio-economic drivers GDP Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 5 main Euro-Calliope#GDP 0 Socio-economic drivers Income distribution Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 6 main Euro-Calliope#Income distribution 0 Socio-economic drivers Employment rate Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 7 main Euro-Calliope#Employment rate 0 Socio-economic drivers Labor productivity Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 8 main Euro-Calliope#Labor productivity 0 Socio-economic drivers Total factor productivity Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 9 main Euro-Calliope#Total factor productivity 0 Socio-economic drivers Autonomous energy efficiency improvements Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) Yes (endogenous) 10 main Euro-Calliope#Autonomous energy efficiency improvements 0 Socio-economic drivers Other socio economic driver 11 main Euro-Calliope#Other socio economic driver 0 Macro-economy Industry Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 1 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Industry ES 0 Macro-economy Energy Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 2 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Energy ES 0 Macro-economy Transportation Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 3 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Transportation ES 0 Macro-economy Residential and commercial Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 4 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Residential and commercial ES 0 Macro-economy Agriculture Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 5 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Agriculture ES 0 Macro-economy Forestry Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) Yes (physical) 6 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Forestry ES 0 Macro-economy Other economic sector 7 Economic sector Euro-Calliope#Other economic sector 0 Macro-economy Trade Coal Oil Gas Uranium Electricity Bioenergy crops Food crops Capital Emissions permits Non-energy goods Gas Electricity Non-energy goods 8 Bioenergy products Diesel Kerosene Methanol Macro-economy Euro-Calliope#Trade 0 Macro-economy Cost measures GDP loss Welfare loss Consumption loss Area under MAC Energy system cost mark-up 9 Macro-economy Euro-Calliope#Cost measures 0 Macro-economy Categorization by group Income Urban - rural Technology adoption Age Gender Education level Household size Technology adoption 10 Macro-economy Euro-Calliope#Categorization by group 0 Macro-economy Institutional and political factors Early retirement of capital allowed Interest rates differentiated by country/region Regional risk factors included Technology costs differentiated by country/region Technological change differentiated by country/region Behavioural change differentiated by country/region Constraints on cross country financial transfers 11 Demand profiles (electricity, heat, mobility, industry) differentiated by country/region Macro-economy Euro-Calliope#Institutional and political factors 0 Macro-economy Coal Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 12 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Coal RU 0 Macro-economy Conventional Oil Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 13 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Conventional Oil RU 0 Macro-economy Unconventional Oil Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 14 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Unconventional Oil RU 0 Macro-economy Conventional Gas Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 15 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Conventional Gas RU 0 Macro-economy Unconventional Gas Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 16 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Unconventional Gas RU 0 Macro-economy Uranium Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 17 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Uranium RU 0 Macro-economy Bioenergy Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (fixed) 18 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Bioenergy RU 0 Macro-economy Water Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 19 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Water RU 0 Macro-economy Raw Materials Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 20 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Raw Materials RU 0 Macro-economy Land Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (fixed) 21 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Land RU 0 Macro-economy Other resource use 22 Resource use Euro-Calliope#Other resource use 0 Macro-economy Energy conversion technologies No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change Exogenous technological change 23 Technological change Euro-Calliope#Energy conversion technologies TC 0 Macro-economy Energy End-use No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change Endogenous technological change 24 Technological change Euro-Calliope#Energy End-use TC 0 Macro-economy Material Use No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change 25 Technological change Euro-Calliope#Material Use TC 0 Macro-economy Agriculture (tc) No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change 26 Technological change Euro-Calliope#Agriculture TC 0 Macro-economy Other technological change 27 Technological change Euro-Calliope#Other technological change 0 Energy Behaviour 1 main Euro-Calliope#Behaviour 0 Energy Energy technology choice No discrete technology choices Logit choice model Production function Linear choice (lowest cost) Lowest cost with adjustment penalties 2 Energy technology substitution Euro-Calliope#Energy technology choice 0 Energy Energy technology substitutability Mostly high substitutability Mostly low substitutability Mixed high and low substitutability Mixed high and low substitutability 3 Energy technology substitution Euro-Calliope#Energy technology substitutability 0 Energy Energy technology deployment Expansion and decline constraints System integration constraints Expansion and decline constraints 4 Hydroelectricity is constrained to current capacity. Bioenergy is constrained by resource limits. Nuclear is forced to be in the system whereas countries have declared they will maintain a certain amount of nuclear. Transmission expansion has limits Energy technology substitution Euro-Calliope#Energy technology deployment 0 Energy Electricity technologies Coal w/o CCS Coal w/ CCS Gas w/o CCS Gas w/ CCS Oil w/o CCS Oil w/ CCS Bioenergy w/o CCS Bioenergy w/ CCS Geothermal power Nuclear power Solar power Solar power-central PV Solar power-distributed PV Solar power-CSP Wind power Wind power-onshore Wind power-offshore Hydroelectric power Ocean power Coal w/o CCS Gas w/o CCS Bioenergy w/o CCS Nuclear power Solar power-central PV Solar power-distributed PV Wind power-onshore Wind power-offshore Hydroelectric power 5 Wind power-offshore Gas CHP Bioenergy CHP Waste CHP Energy Euro-Calliope#Electricity technologies 0 Energy Hydrogen production Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen Solar thermochemical hydrogen Electrolysis Electrolysis 6 Energy Euro-Calliope#Hydrogen production 0 Energy Refined liquids Coal to liquids w/o CCS Coal to liquids w/ CCS Gas to liquids w/o CCS Gas to liquids w/ CCS Bioliquids w/o CCS Bioliquids w/ CCS Oil refining Bioliquids w/o CCS 7 Hydrogen to Kerosene Hydrogene to Methanol Hydrogen to Diesel Energy Euro-Calliope#Refined liquids 0 Energy Refined gases Coal to gas w/o CCS Coal to gas w/ CCS Oil to gas w/o CCS Oil to gas w/ CCS Biomass to gas w/o CCS Biomass to gas w/ CCS Biomass to gas w/o CCS 8 Hydrogen to gas Energy Euro-Calliope#Refined gases 0 Energy Heat generation Coal heat Natural gas heat Oil heat Biomass heat Geothermal heat Solarthermal heat CHP (coupled heat and power) Natural gas heat Biomass heat CHP (coupled heat and power) 9 Electric heat sources (e.g. resistance heating, heat pumps) Energy Euro-Calliope#Heat generation 0 Energy Electricity Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (spatially explicit) 10 Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#Electricity GI 0 Energy Gas Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 11 Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#Gas GI 0 Energy Heat Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) 12 Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#Heat GI 0 Energy CO2 Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) 13 Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#CO2 GI 0 Energy Hydrogen Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) 14 Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#Hydrogen GI 0 Energy Other grid and infrastructure 15 Synthetic fuels (gases and liquids), aggregate Grid Infra Structure Euro-Calliope#Other grid and infrastructure 0 Energy Passenger transportation Passenger trains Buses Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) Electric LDVs Hydrogen LDVs Hybrid LDVs Gasoline LDVs Diesel LDVs Passenger aircrafts Passenger trains Buses Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) Electric LDVs Diesel LDVs Passenger aircrafts 16 Aggregate heavy-duty vehicles (Buses and generic heavy duty vehicles), both electric and diesel-based Aggregate light-duty vehicles (passenger cars, motorcycles, generic light-duty vehicles), both electric and diesel based Energy end-use technologies Euro-Calliope#Passenger transportation 0 Energy Transport is not disaggregated based on Freight and Passenger, but based on vehicle type (heavy-duty, light-duty, rail, shipping, aviation) Freight transportation Freight trains Heavy duty vehicles Freight aircrafts Freight ships Freight trains Heavy duty vehicles Freight aircrafts Freight ships 17 Energy end-use technologies Euro-Calliope#Freight transportation 0 Energy Industry is aggregated by type of needs: processes that can be electrified, high-temperature processes that cannot be electrified, processes requiring fuel feedstocks Industry Steel production Aluminium production Cement production Petrochemical production Paper production Plastics production Pulp production Steel production Aluminium production Cement production Petrochemical production Paper production Plastics production Pulp production 18 Energy end-use technologies Euro-Calliope#Industry 0 Energy Residential and commercial demand is aggregated as: heating (space + water), cooking and any other appliances (including cooling, lighting, washing, refrigeration) Residential and commercial Space heating Space cooling Cooking Refrigeration Washing Lighting Space heating Space cooling Cooking Refrigeration Washing Lighting 19 Energy end-use technologies Euro-Calliope#Residential and commercial 0 Land-use Land cover Cropland Cropland irrigated Cropland food crops Cropland feed crops Cropland energy crops Forest Managed forest Natural forest Pasture Shrubland Built-up area 1 main Euro-Calliope#Land cover 0 Land-use Agriculture and forestry demands Agriculture food Agriculture food crops Agriculture food livestock Agriculture feed Agriculture feed crops Agriculture feed livestock Agriculture non-food Agriculture non-food crops Agriculture non-food livestock Agriculture bioenergy Agriculture residues Forest industrial roundwood Forest fuelwood Forest residues 2 main Euro-Calliope#Agriculture and forestry demands 0 Land-use Agricultural commodities Wheat Rice Other coarse grains Oilseeds Sugar crops Ruminant meat Non-ruminant meat and eggs Dairy products 3 main Euro-Calliope#Agricultural commodities 0 Emission, climate and impacts Greenhouse gases CO2 fossil fuels CO2 cement CO2 land use CH4 energy CH4 land use CH4 other N2O energy N2O land use N2O other CFCs HFCs SF6 PFCs CO2 fossil fuels 1 main Euro-Calliope#Greenhouse gases 0 Emission, climate and impacts Pollutants CO energy CO land use CO other NOx energy NOx land use NOx other VOC energy VOC land use VOC other SO2 energy SO2 land use SO2 other BC energy BC land use BC other OC energy OC land use OC other NH3 energy NH3 land use NH3 other 2 main Euro-Calliope#Pollutants 0 Emission, climate and impacts Climate indicators Concentration: CO2 Concentration: CH4 Concentration: N2O Concentration: Kyoto gases Radiative forcing: CO2 Radiative forcing: CH4 Radiative forcing: N2O Radiative forcing: F-gases Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases Radiative forcing: aerosols Radiative forcing: land albedo Radiative forcing: AN3A Radiative forcing: total Temperature change Sea level rise Ocean acidification 3 main Euro-Calliope#Climate indicators 0 Emission, climate and impacts Carbon dioxide removal Bioenergy with CCS Reforestation Afforestation Soil carbon enhancement Direct air capture Enhanced weathering 4 main Euro-Calliope#Carbon dioxide removal 0 Emission, climate and impacts Climate change impacts Agriculture Energy supply Energy demand Economic output Built capital Inequality 5 main Euro-Calliope#Climate change impacts 0 Emission, climate and impacts Co-Linkages Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region) Energy access: Household energy consumption Air pollution & health: Source-based aerosol emissions Air pollution & health: Health impacts of air Pollution Food access Water availability Biodiversity 6 main Euro-Calliope#Co-Linkages 0 The Netherlands TU Delft TU Delft Euro-Calliope#Institution TU Delft Reference Card-Euro-Calliope 0 en Reference Card-Euro-Calliope Reference card - Euro-Calliope 0 en Reference card - Euro-Calliope IsAttributeOfModel 102 en IsAttributeOfModel ReferenceCardOfModel 102 en ReferenceCardOfModel IsInstituteOfModel 102 en IsInstituteOfModel