]> 2026-05-26T01:52:15+02:00 GMM 0 en Global social planner with perfect foresight Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) Global Intertemporal optimization (foresight) Optimization Energy system model Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) Intertemporal optimization (foresight) Optimization Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland, https://www.psi.ch/en. GMM full in preparation Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels 1.0 2022-04-25T15:31:18Z 2459695.1467361 GMM 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:GMM]] GMM# QUERYe348de7425f1bab87d4f9d53406add80 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::About]] GMM# QUERY9c731f4351622e897e7189b2f0396b12 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::About]] GMM# QUERYfcc41b5ad1822a38d45b89829581acbc 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Name and version]] GMM# QUERYe68cfbdb2255d03893151e7f20e42562 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureAbout]] GMM# QUERY11a609fa1a68fdaf46e4be932137fb9f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Model link]] GMM# QUERY0cf2420020804c54be14d83cc3355833 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Documentation]] GMM# QUERY5cb6c46a3ef8333ddb7e3b0b04632481 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Institution]] GMM# QUERY47258fb5dfe0ed499bbb731da6aa52c7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureAbout]] [[HasID::Process state]] GMM# QUERYcb247532a56757136acbd428aa6be5a5 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Model scope and methods]] GMM# QUERY993bd38f6b3805a172cac573c5b08734 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Model scope and methods]] GMM# QUERY1d6b0c276821095b224bd9bb700cdf29 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Model type]] GMM# QUERYc5dad25fdcff3a920046be568ab8e4d2 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] GMM# QUERY90415637d7f7c064e0d2843961661649 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Geographical scope]] GMM# QUERY0b79b25554ea56ef9d01b9a088c5f8f3 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Objective]] GMM# QUERYdbd2bb04c52fde73e79e42d16434c608 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Solution concept]] GMM# QUERY636dfe9b8c3b48d14c930af47a536e43 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Solution horizon]] GMM# QUERY76a47c0e2200251cf87400e5e4d4f897 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Solution method]] GMM# QUERYae358d420b29bb8153b8e3f7c70a943d 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Anticipation]] GMM# QUERYfcb5128f74ee473731c7d01411008aea 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Temporal dimension]] GMM# QUERY4a1a363cab3d62e4e04f3499205e6c07 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Spatial dimension]] GMM# QUERY3db10851f1c45f1f32441ef07b3cce32 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Time discounting type]] GMM# QUERY963ddc498650564151071f4e2fdb83cc 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureScopeMethod]] [[HasID::Policies]] GMM# QUERY69f6ea15968fe33c3d87b62ce6336ddb 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Socio-economic drivers]] GMM# QUERYe28add7d70190c7f5a5df8f4b39e2556 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Socio-economic drivers]] GMM# QUERYe5e48940ff7ff1c42866da28139de7c3 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Population]] GMM# QUERYb7ce6c1171fc3bd3128a58a68c62fd4e 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] GMM# QUERYf798289537313a5d8b283a5f5dfd830a 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Population age structure]] GMM# QUERY7740f540d846af5bbb971c1038f17d9a 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Education level]] GMM# QUERY35555d53ccea6b0a9d707ec2e1f22408 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Urbanization rate]] GMM# QUERY9e1c2f856eecd2157d5045be0fca02b1 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::GDP]] GMM# QUERY039ddb566990734c87c3d4609a0bce07 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Income distribution]] GMM# QUERYcd2f26fcff9c6a7e677798fc81a9ba18 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Employment rate]] GMM# QUERY03543da57ee169cd236904e52829820f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Labor productivity]] GMM# QUERY195d62e9686fd9abf266767cc4a4f6eb 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Total factor productivity]] GMM# QUERYb5513cc231b6d4ac7047520558b710d3 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Autonomous energy efficiency improvements]] GMM# QUERY33f8b0cf57d043c1ae59568aee9dbd62 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureSocio-economic]] [[HasID::Other socio economic driver]] GMM# QUERYdac1b791d7b19de3b0619fefe18ed5f4 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Economic sector]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] GMM# QUERY5232cf7e72bbe1f6660c9a1f998f519e 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Macro-economy]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] GMM# QUERY3b3da2c4b4ab44644825cf4817719869 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Resource use]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] GMM# QUERY0c188a02a346f86cff8a9649b08a9ee5 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Technological change]] [[BelongsToGroup::Macro-economy]] GMM# QUERY832331409cdcacf0380ebee94f7face6 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Macro-economy]] GMM# QUERY7c7b9e11410eed19f98107f53f7d9c34 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Industry ES]] GMM# QUERYa58e92a81eee4adab082df1d868a0fde 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] GMM# QUERY220c53560c7b3d590ed9e7c0ddfecee6 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Energy ES]] GMM# QUERY3489d169efeff7864315b7dd63b07fcd 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Transportation ES]] GMM# QUERYc0e6a63f0eb35524f2938cc1a768e133 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Residential and commercial ES]] GMM# QUERY7e4ffc68c1c43bafef98d8db28604e44 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Agriculture ES]] GMM# QUERYa8383dcbea139cd666627d59d1377533 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Forestry ES]] GMM# QUERY9549d690d87fa572553a91335f58e82c 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Other economic sector]] GMM# QUERY1c3552eea25371578149ba840b14416e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Trade]] GMM# QUERYbc984c080308480392bd9702e4641146 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Cost measures]] GMM# QUERY7a97cd2c432fe3a0f6deb0035eec7050 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Categorization by group]] GMM# QUERY2966315ca186d9b6163e52abd87ef726 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Institutional and political factors]] GMM# QUERY42a8ef0ad2d322979d0a4be8949bc874 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Coal RU]] GMM# QUERY29f579596396ae4f9518dec51c277b5f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Conventional Oil RU]] GMM# QUERY585455ef49613bdb63cdc3e573c3a097 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Unconventional Oil RU]] GMM# QUERYff15aa6fcb3b4ea30f3d73f176dd87c7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Conventional Gas RU]] GMM# QUERYdc3ffe9efd4598ad7fb92e027c48e45f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Unconventional Gas RU]] GMM# QUERY80b5c1442a2de22dbb92d70a3e042b66 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Uranium RU]] GMM# QUERY7a8179f4775ed384987b3d8ce218a8aa 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Bioenergy RU]] GMM# QUERY0d234f3bf09fe96f62296bf69af3d6f6 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Water RU]] GMM# QUERY0e8f320233d14a25b4ee9e0b38b5571f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Raw Materials RU]] GMM# QUERY35e431f624b6d22903af044b0dfa870b 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Land RU]] GMM# QUERYa7a29efa1a3ac3a982019bcebc858b33 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Other resource use]] GMM# QUERY1fbd75aa33cc62849e69e4beec460a15 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Energy conversion technologies TC]] GMM# QUERY205344ccbbdbbca6bdc71e7ec71adf84 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Energy End-use TC]] GMM# QUERY2e433da1003cf9537e7bf211c50600f5 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Material Use TC]] GMM# QUERYa8b6d86528421a424f6758ca626dde83 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Agriculture TC]] GMM# QUERYc7e61a2379b6027d9a9f12a492ed2110 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureMacro-economy]] [[HasID::Other technological change]] GMM# QUERY2ea9ba6c9b588d49ba513c12bcc2cdc0 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] GMM# QUERY7beefe4c65ca06d73b18375fe9902096 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Energy technology substitution]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] GMM# QUERY8b39f1e3a05b3b169238ab9a834a8ea0 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Energy]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] GMM# QUERYea0a2717f12016644432f2ba3786396a 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Grid Infra Structure]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] GMM# QUERY86ff1660629b36aa1051651416b13ae5 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::Energy end-use technologies]] [[BelongsToGroup::Energy]] GMM# QUERY2513951651fd62e96f8e22f834a8961b 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Energy]] GMM# QUERY59dbe623f5c729cd546742c1e63b0409 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Behaviour]] GMM# QUERYa16cf118a3e77b12c09a62bacc701e05 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureEnergy]] GMM# QUERY2900ee563e4c65b023dc8a4777fe6da9 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Energy technology choice]] GMM# QUERY2741e8aeb96b399c4f1a801455a35fc9 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Energy technology substitutability]] GMM# QUERY33c1653b23c0319815f5f1b2df389645 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Energy technology deployment]] GMM# QUERY6aefea1f6beebff4cbc338339f8b3eb2 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Electricity technologies]] GMM# QUERY9495b62ed46eae190bf6a96256af757d 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Hydrogen production]] GMM# QUERYfe971f6923f8457817bcaa1e526fa732 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Refined liquids]] GMM# QUERYb2c15c93ec75dd0e8d443a4478af73d7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Refined gases]] GMM# QUERYd6a3a3d223723dec1e0b16a08728bd75 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Heat generation]] GMM# QUERYe778103d0d1e11cc7faae258563fbc65 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Electricity GI]] GMM# QUERY88d2bf129a67f21a8e09c5ec0f597abd 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Gas GI]] GMM# QUERY7de3d2b2db6cb5e2c2d9951a9fa9bc21 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Heat GI]] GMM# QUERYe346ae19cad0b96d0f11610cff4de1e7 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::CO2 GI]] GMM# QUERY424e911608285f54adad3659a127b859 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Hydrogen GI]] GMM# QUERYf380c68e11ebcc90370c2a1cea58d270 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Other grid and infrastructure]] GMM# QUERYdf2001cfefe2669d4910d37060ac7fb2 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Passenger transportation]] GMM# QUERYa5e16f51a494ac04045c9f946c7faa6f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Freight transportation]] GMM# QUERY8db2d64d3380b447ca1c71c845c24c7b 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Industry]] GMM# QUERYb526b5f313f896c3aa2282fe4513f67f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEnergy]] [[HasID::Residential and commercial]] GMM# QUERYee1ec2341ae461cef1355b2252722a5b 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Land-use]] GMM# QUERYbda4a76f350319a6058b333fdaac5b38 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Land-use]] GMM# QUERYb4fe77d96c2100b19803b5d0d780ea06 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Land cover]] GMM# QUERY87490187078cc866a39353a1f070563f 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureLand-use]] GMM# QUERYa220370afae3a76c12c15b5cb62a78a0 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Agriculture and forestry demands]] GMM# QUERY6757e039e38474d88aadf5fcf32af58e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureLand-use]] [[HasID::Agricultural commodities]] GMM# QUERY0fd727253754dbff62e27a98381692be 0 1 plainlist 6 [[-Has subobject::GMM]] [[InSection::main]] [[BelongsToGroup::Emission, climate and impacts]] GMM# QUERYf47474b57a8543b6e74bf3a06a1ea06f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::GroupStructure]] [[IsSectionOf::Emission, climate and impacts]] GMM# QUERY1f354baba930006ee95a731047da170e 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Greenhouse gases]] GMM# QUERYe013095ab9d66c1198af0aee53eb3d05 0 0 plainlist 1 [[:FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] GMM# QUERY64bdb2d73ae2511fdbde0d62dfd8924f 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Pollutants]] GMM# QUERYadd35a3927d0eab8fd43b4b6bc0be592 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Climate indicators]] GMM# QUERY5cfc9eb63ea844083487cd94fd4328e6 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Carbon dioxide removal]] GMM# QUERY85cf5e3f590cc360f023e47860586b12 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Climate change impacts]] GMM# QUERY9f6f139d3504a8765d7882729fe46024 0 1 plainlist 4 [[-Has subobject::FeatureStructureEmissionClimate]] [[HasID::Co-Linkages]] GMM# QUERY85838152aaafebfdf70894b7693fc685 0 About Name and version 1 GMM 1.0 main GMM#Name and version 0 About Model link 2 https://www.psi.ch/sites/default/files/import/eem/PublicationsTabelle/PSI-Bericht_13-03.pdf main GMM#Model link 0 About Documentation 4 GMM documentation consists of a referencecard and [[Model Documentation - GMM|detailed model documentation]] main GMM#Documentation 0 About Institution 3 Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland, https://www.psi.ch/en. main GMM#Institution 0 About Process state 5 in preparation main GMM#Process state 0 Switzerland PSI Paul Scherrer Institute GMM#Institution PSI 0 Model scope and methods Model type Integrated assessment model Energy system model CGE CBA-integrated assessment model Energy system model 1 main GMM#Model type 0 Model scope and methods Geographical scope Global Regional Global 2 main GMM#Geographical scope 0 Model scope and methods Objective 3 GMM is a cost optimization energy systems model that determines the least-cost combination of technologies and fuels to satisfy demands and fulfil other constraints, from the perspective of a single social planner. GMM has a bottom-up representation of the energy system of 17 world regions, with a detailed representation of energy supply technologies and an aggregate representation of demand technologies. main GMM#Objective 0 Model scope and methods Solution concept Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand) Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) General equilibrium (closed economy) Partial equilibrium (fixed demand) 4 main GMM#Solution concept 0 Model scope and methods Solution horizon Recursive dynamic (myopic) Intertemporal optimization (foresight) Intertemporal optimization (foresight) 5 main GMM#Solution horizon 0 Model scope and methods Solution method Simulation Optimization Optimization 6 main GMM#Solution method 0 Model scope and methods Anticipation 7 Global social planner with perfect foresight main GMM#Anticipation 0 Model scope and methods Temporal dimension 8 Base year:2010, time steps:10 time steps of each one of 10 years, horizon: 2010 - 2100 main GMM#Temporal dimension 0 Model scope and methods Spatial dimension Asia Pacific Australia and New Zealand Brazil Canada and Mexico Central and South Asia China Eastern Europe European Union+ India Japan, Korea and Taiwan Latin America and Caribbean Middle East North Africa Russia Subsaharan Africa USA 9 Number of regions:17 main GMM#Spatial dimension 0 Model scope and methods Time discounting type Discount rate exogenous Discount rate endogenous Discount rate exogenous 10 main GMM#Time discounting type 0 Model scope and methods Policies Emission tax Emission pricing Cap and trade Fuel taxes Fuel subsidies Feed-in-tariff Portfolio standard Capacity targets Emission standards Energy efficiency standards Agricultural producer subsidies Agricultural consumer subsidies Land protection Pricing carbon stocks Emission tax Emission pricing Cap and trade Fuel taxes Fuel subsidies Feed-in-tariff Portfolio standard Capacity targets Emission standards Energy efficiency standards 11 main GMM#Policies 0 Socio-economic drivers Population Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) Yes (exogenous) 1 main GMM#Population 0 Socio-economic drivers Population age structure Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 2 main GMM#Population age structure 0 Socio-economic drivers Education level Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 3 main GMM#Education level 0 Socio-economic drivers Urbanization rate Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) Yes (exogenous) 4 main GMM#Urbanization rate 0 Socio-economic drivers GDP Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) Yes (exogenous) 5 main GMM#GDP 0 Socio-economic drivers Income distribution Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 6 main GMM#Income distribution 0 Socio-economic drivers Employment rate Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 7 main GMM#Employment rate 0 Socio-economic drivers Labor productivity Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 8 main GMM#Labor productivity 0 Socio-economic drivers Total factor productivity Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 9 main GMM#Total factor productivity 0 Socio-economic drivers Autonomous energy efficiency improvements Yes (exogenous) Yes (endogenous) 10 main GMM#Autonomous energy efficiency improvements 0 Socio-economic drivers Other socio economic driver 11 main GMM#Other socio economic driver 0 Macro-economy Industry Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 1 Economic sector GMM#Industry ES 0 Macro-economy Energy Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 2 Economic sector GMM#Energy ES 0 Macro-economy Transportation Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 3 Economic sector GMM#Transportation ES 0 Macro-economy Residential and commercial Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 4 Economic sector GMM#Residential and commercial ES 0 Macro-economy Agriculture Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 5 Economic sector GMM#Agriculture ES 0 Macro-economy Forestry Yes (physical) Yes (economic) Yes (physical & economic) 6 Economic sector GMM#Forestry ES 0 Macro-economy Other economic sector 7 Economic sector GMM#Other economic sector 0 Macro-economy Trade Coal Oil Gas Uranium Electricity Bioenergy crops Food crops Capital Emissions permits Non-energy goods Coal Oil Gas Uranium Electricity Bioenergy crops Emissions permits 8 Macro-economy GMM#Trade 0 Macro-economy Cost measures GDP loss Welfare loss Consumption loss Area under MAC Energy system cost mark-up Area under MAC Energy system cost mark-up 9 Macro-economy GMM#Cost measures 0 Macro-economy Categorization by group Income Urban - rural Technology adoption Age Gender Education level Household size 10 Macro-economy GMM#Categorization by group 0 Macro-economy Institutional and political factors Early retirement of capital allowed Interest rates differentiated by country/region Regional risk factors included Technology costs differentiated by country/region Technological change differentiated by country/region Behavioural change differentiated by country/region Constraints on cross country financial transfers Technology costs differentiated by country/region Technological change differentiated by country/region Behavioural change differentiated by country/region 11 Macro-economy GMM#Institutional and political factors 0 Macro-economy Coal Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 12 Resource use GMM#Coal RU 0 Macro-economy Conventional Oil Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 13 Resource use GMM#Conventional Oil RU 0 Macro-economy Unconventional Oil Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 14 Resource use GMM#Unconventional Oil RU 0 Macro-economy Conventional Gas Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 15 Resource use GMM#Conventional Gas RU 0 Macro-economy Unconventional Gas Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 16 Resource use GMM#Unconventional Gas RU 0 Macro-economy Uranium Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 17 Resource use GMM#Uranium RU 0 Macro-economy Bioenergy Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) Yes (supply curve) 18 Resource use GMM#Bioenergy RU 0 Macro-economy Water Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 19 Resource use GMM#Water RU 0 Macro-economy Raw Materials Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 20 Resource use GMM#Raw Materials RU 0 Macro-economy Land Yes (fixed) Yes (supply curve) Yes (process model) 21 Resource use GMM#Land RU 0 Macro-economy Other resource use 22 Resource use GMM#Other resource use 0 Macro-economy Energy conversion technologies No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change Exogenous technological change 23 Technological change GMM#Energy conversion technologies TC 0 Macro-economy Energy End-use No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change Exogenous technological change 24 Technological change GMM#Energy End-use TC 0 Macro-economy Material Use No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change 25 Technological change GMM#Material Use TC 0 Macro-economy Agriculture (tc) No technological change Exogenous technological change Endogenous technological change 26 Technological change GMM#Agriculture TC 0 Macro-economy Other technological change 27 Technological change GMM#Other technological change 0 Energy Behaviour 1 Consumer energy behaviour is modelled with side constraints influencing deployment and adoption of energy supply and demand technologies main GMM#Behaviour 0 Energy Energy technology choice No discrete technology choices Logit choice model Production function Linear choice (lowest cost) Lowest cost with adjustment penalties Linear choice (lowest cost) 2 Energy technology substitution GMM#Energy technology choice 0 Energy Energy technology substitutability Mostly high substitutability Mostly low substitutability Mixed high and low substitutability Mixed high and low substitutability 3 Energy technology substitution GMM#Energy technology substitutability 0 Energy Energy technology deployment Expansion and decline constraints System integration constraints Expansion and decline constraints System integration constraints 4 Energy technology substitution GMM#Energy technology deployment 0 Energy Electricity technologies Coal w/o CCS Coal w/ CCS Gas w/o CCS Gas w/ CCS Oil w/o CCS Oil w/ CCS Bioenergy w/o CCS Bioenergy w/ CCS Geothermal power Nuclear power Solar power Solar power-central PV Solar power-distributed PV Solar power-CSP Wind power Wind power-onshore Wind power-offshore Hydroelectric power Ocean power Coal w/o CCS Coal w/ CCS Gas w/o CCS Gas w/ CCS Oil w/o CCS Oil w/ CCS Bioenergy w/o CCS Bioenergy w/ CCS Geothermal power Nuclear power Solar power Solar power-central PV Solar power-distributed PV Solar power-CSP Wind power Wind power-onshore Wind power-offshore Hydroelectric power Ocean power 5 Energy GMM#Electricity technologies 0 Energy Hydrogen production Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen Solar thermochemical hydrogen Electrolysis Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen Solar thermochemical hydrogen Electrolysis 6 Energy GMM#Hydrogen production 0 Energy Refined liquids Coal to liquids w/o CCS Coal to liquids w/ CCS Gas to liquids w/o CCS Gas to liquids w/ CCS Bioliquids w/o CCS Bioliquids w/ CCS Oil refining Coal to liquids w/o CCS Coal to liquids w/ CCS Gas to liquids w/o CCS Gas to liquids w/ CCS Bioliquids w/o CCS Bioliquids w/ CCS Oil refining 7 Energy GMM#Refined liquids 0 Energy Refined gases Coal to gas w/o CCS Coal to gas w/ CCS Oil to gas w/o CCS Oil to gas w/ CCS Biomass to gas w/o CCS Biomass to gas w/ CCS Coal to gas w/o CCS Coal to gas w/ CCS Oil to gas w/o CCS Oil to gas w/ CCS Biomass to gas w/o CCS Biomass to gas w/ CCS 8 Energy GMM#Refined gases 0 Energy Heat generation Coal heat Natural gas heat Oil heat Biomass heat Geothermal heat Solarthermal heat CHP (coupled heat and power) Coal heat Natural gas heat Oil heat Biomass heat Geothermal heat Solarthermal heat CHP (coupled heat and power) 9 Energy GMM#Heat generation 0 Energy Electricity Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 10 Grid Infra Structure GMM#Electricity GI 0 Energy Gas Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 11 Grid Infra Structure GMM#Gas GI 0 Energy Heat Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 12 Grid Infra Structure GMM#Heat GI 0 Energy CO2 Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 13 Grid Infra Structure GMM#CO2 GI 0 Energy Hydrogen Yes (aggregate) Yes (spatially explicit) Yes (aggregate) 14 Grid Infra Structure GMM#Hydrogen GI 0 Energy Other grid and infrastructure 15 Grid Infra Structure GMM#Other grid and infrastructure 0 Energy Passenger transportation Passenger trains Buses Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) Electric LDVs Hydrogen LDVs Hybrid LDVs Gasoline LDVs Diesel LDVs Passenger aircrafts Electric LDVs Hydrogen LDVs Hybrid LDVs Gasoline LDVs Diesel LDVs Passenger aircrafts 16 Energy end-use technologies GMM#Passenger transportation 0 Energy Freight transportation Freight trains Heavy duty vehicles Freight aircrafts Freight ships 17 Aggregate transport technologies that correspond to fuel consumption Energy end-use technologies GMM#Freight transportation 0 Energy Industry Steel production Aluminium production Cement production Petrochemical production Paper production Plastics production Pulp production 18 Aggregate industry technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels Energy end-use technologies GMM#Industry 0 Energy Residential and commercial Space heating Space cooling Cooking Refrigeration Washing Lighting 19 Aggregate residential and commercial technologies corresponding to boilers/fuels Energy end-use technologies GMM#Residential and commercial 0 Land-use Land cover Cropland Cropland irrigated Cropland food crops Cropland feed crops Cropland energy crops Forest Managed forest Natural forest Pasture Shrubland Built-up area 1 main GMM#Land cover 0 Land-use Agriculture and forestry demands Agriculture food Agriculture food crops Agriculture food livestock Agriculture feed Agriculture feed crops Agriculture feed livestock Agriculture non-food Agriculture non-food crops Agriculture non-food livestock Agriculture bioenergy Agriculture residues Forest industrial roundwood Forest fuelwood Forest residues 2 main GMM#Agriculture and forestry demands 0 Land-use Agricultural commodities Wheat Rice Other coarse grains Oilseeds Sugar crops Ruminant meat Non-ruminant meat and eggs Dairy products 3 main GMM#Agricultural commodities 0 Emission, climate and impacts Greenhouse gases CO2 fossil fuels CO2 cement CO2 land use CH4 energy CH4 land use CH4 other N2O energy N2O land use N2O other CFCs HFCs SF6 PFCs CO2 fossil fuels 1 main GMM#Greenhouse gases 0 Emission, climate and impacts Pollutants CO energy CO land use CO other NOx energy NOx land use NOx other VOC energy VOC land use VOC other SO2 energy SO2 land use SO2 other BC energy BC land use BC other OC energy OC land use OC other NH3 energy NH3 land use NH3 other 2 main GMM#Pollutants 0 Emission, climate and impacts Climate indicators Concentration: CO2 Concentration: CH4 Concentration: N2O Concentration: Kyoto gases Radiative forcing: CO2 Radiative forcing: CH4 Radiative forcing: N2O Radiative forcing: F-gases Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases Radiative forcing: aerosols Radiative forcing: land albedo Radiative forcing: AN3A Radiative forcing: total Temperature change Sea level rise Ocean acidification 3 main GMM#Climate indicators 0 Emission, climate and impacts Carbon dioxide removal Bioenergy with CCS Reforestation Afforestation Soil carbon enhancement Direct air capture Enhanced weathering Bioenergy with CCS 4 main GMM#Carbon dioxide removal 0 Emission, climate and impacts Climate change impacts Agriculture Energy supply Energy demand Economic output Built capital Inequality 5 main GMM#Climate change impacts 0 Emission, climate and impacts Co-Linkages Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region) Energy access: Household energy consumption Air pollution & health: Source-based aerosol emissions Air pollution & health: Health impacts of air Pollution Food access Water availability Biodiversity Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region) Energy access: Household energy consumption 6 main GMM#Co-Linkages Agricultural demand - GMM 0 en Agricultural demand - GMM Agriculture - GMM 0 en Agriculture - GMM Air pollution and health - GMM 0 en Air pollution and health - GMM Appendices - GMM 0 en Appendices - GMM Bioenergy - GMM 0 en Bioenergy - GMM Bioenergy land-use - GMM 0 en Bioenergy land-use - GMM Capital and labour markets - GMM 0 en Capital and labour markets - GMM Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - GMM 0 en Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - GMM Climate - GMM 0 en Climate - GMM Climate damages, temperature changes - GMM 0 en Climate damages, temperature changes - GMM Data - GMM 0 en Data - GMM Economic activity - GMM 0 en Economic activity - GMM Electricity - GMM 0 en Electricity - GMM Emissions - GMM 0 en Emissions - GMM Energy - GMM 0 en Energy - GMM Energy conversion - GMM 0 en Energy conversion - GMM Energy demand - GMM 0 en Energy demand - GMM Energy end-use - GMM 0 en Energy end-use - GMM Energy resource endowments - GMM 0 en Energy resource endowments - GMM Forestry - GMM 0 en Forestry - GMM Fossil energy resources - GMM 0 en Fossil energy resources - GMM GHGs - GMM 0 en GHGs - GMM Gaseous fuels - GMM 0 en Gaseous fuels - GMM Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - GMM 0 en Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - GMM Heat - GMM 0 en Heat - GMM Industrial sector - GMM 0 en Industrial sector - GMM Land-use - GMM 0 en Land-use - GMM Land-use change - GMM 0 en Land-use change - GMM Liquid fuels - GMM 0 en Liquid fuels - GMM Macro-economy - GMM 0 en Macro-economy - GMM Mathematical model description - GMM 0 en Mathematical model description - GMM Model Documentation - GMM 0 en Model Documentation - GMM Model concept, solver and details - GMM 0 en Model concept, solver and details - GMM Model scope and methods - GMM 0 en Model scope and methods - GMM Modelling of climate indicators - GMM 0 en Modelling of climate indicators - GMM Monetary instruments - GMM 0 en Monetary instruments - GMM Non-biomass renewables - GMM 0 en Non-biomass renewables - GMM Non-climate sustainability dimension - GMM 0 en Non-climate sustainability dimension - GMM Other end-use - GMM 0 en Other end-use - GMM Other land-use - GMM 0 en Other land-use - GMM Other materials - GMM 0 en Other materials - GMM Other sustainability dimensions - GMM 0 en Other sustainability dimensions - GMM Policy - GMM 0 en Policy - GMM Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - GMM 0 en Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - GMM Population - GMM 0 en Population - GMM Production system and representation of economic sectors - GMM 0 en Production system and representation of economic sectors - GMM References - GMM 0 en References - GMM Residential and commercial sectors - GMM 0 en Residential and commercial sectors - GMM Socio-economic drivers - GMM 0 en Socio-economic drivers - GMM Solid fuels - GMM 0 en Solid fuels - GMM Spatial dimension - GMM 0 en Spatial dimension - GMM Technological change - GMM 0 en Technological change - GMM Technological change in energy - GMM 0 en Technological change in energy - GMM Technological change in land-use - GMM 0 en Technological change in land-use - GMM Temporal dimension - GMM 0 en Temporal dimension - GMM Trade - GMM 0 en Trade - GMM Transport - GMM 0 en Transport - GMM Uranium and other fissile resources - GMM 0 en Uranium and other fissile resources - GMM Water - GMM 0 en Water - GMM Reference card - GMM 0 en Reference card - GMM Snapshot of - GMM 0 en Snapshot of - GMM Archive page of - GMM 0 en Archive page of - GMM IsDocumentationOf 102 en IsDocumentationOf IsAttributeOfModel 102 en IsAttributeOfModel ReferenceCardOfModel 102 en ReferenceCardOfModel IsInstituteOfModel 102 en IsInstituteOfModel IsSnapshotOf 102 en IsSnapshotOf IsArchiverPageOf 102 en IsArchiverPageOf