Production system and representation of economic sectors - REMIND-MAgPIE: Difference between revisions

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Figure 3. Production structure of REMIND. Linear production functions describe the conversion of primary energy (lowest level) to final energy carriers. Nested CES structures describe the aggregation of final energy carriers for end-use.
Figure 3. Production structure of REMIND. Linear production functions describe the conversion of primary energy (lowest level) to final energy carriers. Nested CES structures describe the aggregation of final energy carriers for end-use.


The macro-economic budget constraint for each region ensures that, in each region and for every time step, the sum of GDP Yrt and imports of composite goods MGrt can be spent on consumption Crt, investments into the macroeconomic capital stock Irt (depreciation rate of 5%) , energy system expenditures Ert and the export of composite goods MGrt. Energy system expenditures consist of investment costs, fuel costs, and operation and maintenance costs.
The macro-economic budget constraint for each region ensures that, in each region and for every time step, the sum of GDP Yrt and imports of composite goods MGrt can be spent on consumption Crt, investments into the macroeconomic capital stock Irt (depreciation rate of 5%)<ref>footnote text</ref> , energy system expenditures Ert and the export of composite goods MGrt. Energy system expenditures consist of investment costs, fuel costs, and operation and maintenance costs.


[[File:REMIND_production_structure.JPG]]
[[File:REMIND_production_structure.JPG]]


The balance of demand from the macro-economy and supply from the energy system delivers equilibrium prices at the final energy level.
The balance of demand from the macro-economy and supply from the energy system delivers equilibrium prices at the final energy level.

Revision as of 17:27, 20 November 2016

Model Documentation - REMIND-MAgPIE

Corresponding documentation
Previous versions
Model information
Model link
Institution Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK), Germany, https://www.pik-potsdam.de.
Solution concept General equilibrium (closed economy)MAgPIE: partial equilibrium model of the agricultural sector;
Solution method OptimizationMAgPIE: cost minimization;
Anticipation

REMIND uses a nested production function with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) to determine a region’s gross domestic product (GDP) (see Figure 3). Inputs at the upper level of the production function include labor, capital, and final energy. We use the population at working age to determine labor. Final energy input to the upper production level forms a CES nest, which comprises energy for transportation and stationary energy coupled with a substitution elasticity of 0.3. In turn, these two energy types are determined by the nested CES functions of more specific final energy carriers. REMIND assumes substitution elasticities between 1.5 and 3 for the lower levels of the CES nest. It assigns an efficiency parameter to each production factor in the various macroeconomic CES functions. The changes of efficiency parameters over time are tuned such that baseline economic growth and energy intensity improvements match exogenous scenario specifications, such as the shared socio-economic pathways SSP (O’Neill et al. 2014).

File:REMIND production structure 2.png

Figure 3. Production structure of REMIND. Linear production functions describe the conversion of primary energy (lowest level) to final energy carriers. Nested CES structures describe the aggregation of final energy carriers for end-use.

The macro-economic budget constraint for each region ensures that, in each region and for every time step, the sum of GDP Yrt and imports of composite goods MGrt can be spent on consumption Crt, investments into the macroeconomic capital stock Irt (depreciation rate of 5%)[1] , energy system expenditures Ert and the export of composite goods MGrt. Energy system expenditures consist of investment costs, fuel costs, and operation and maintenance costs.

File:REMIND production structure.JPG

The balance of demand from the macro-economy and supply from the energy system delivers equilibrium prices at the final energy level.

  1. ↑ footnote text
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