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The IIASA IAM framework consists of a combination of five different models or modules - the energy model MESSAGE, the land use model GLOBIOM, the air pollution and GHG model GAINS, the aggregated macro-economic model MACRO and the simple climate model MAGICC - which complement each other and are specialized in different areas. All models and modules together build the IIASA IAM framework, also referred to as MESSAGE-GLOBIOM owing to the fact that the energy model MESSAGE and the land use model GLOBIOM are its most important components. The five models provide input to and iterate between each other during a typical SSP scenario development cycle. Below is a brief overview of how the models interact and describe which further steps are taken within the IIASA IAM framework to develop an SSP scenario.
== Introduction ==
The IIASA IAM framework consists of a combination of five different models or modules - the energy model MESSAGEix, the land use model GLOBIOM, the air pollution and GHG model GAINS, the aggregated macro-economic model MACRO, and the simple climate model MAGICC - which complement each other and are specialized in different areas. All models and modules together build the IIASA IAM framework, also referred to as MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM because the energy model MESSAGEix and the land use model GLOBIOM are its most important components. The five models provide input to and iterate between each other during a typical SSP scenario development cycle.


MESSAGE represents the core of the IIASA IAM framework <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam"/> and its main task is to optimize the energy system so that it can satisfy specified energy demands at the lowest costs. MESSAGE carries out this optimization in an iterative setup with MACRO, which provides estimates of the macro-economic demand response that results of energy system and services costs computed by MESSAGE. For the six commercial end-use demand categories depicted in MESSAGE (see [[Energy_demand_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Demand of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]), MACRO will adjust useful energy demands, until the two models have reached equilibrium (see [[Macro-economy_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Macro-economy section of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]). This iteration reflects price-induced energy efficiency improvements that can occur when energy prices increase.
== Table of contents ==


GLOBIOM provides MESSAGE with information on land use and its implications, like the availability and cost of bio-energy, and availability and cost of emission mitigation in the AFOLU (Agriculture, Forestry and Land Use) sector (see [[Land-use_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Land-use of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]). To reduce computational costs, MESSAGE iteratively queries a GLOBIOM emulator which can provide possible land-use outcomes during the optimization process instead of requiring the GLOBIOM model to be rerun continuously. Only once the iteration between MESSAGE and MACRO has converged, the resulting bioenergy demands along with corresponding carbon prices are used for a concluding online analysis with the full-fledged GLOBIOM model. This ensures full consistency in the modelled results from MESSAGE and GLOBIOM, and also allows the production of a more extensive set of reporting variables.
=== [[Model scope and methods - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Model scope and methods]] ===


Air pollution implications of the energy system are computed in MESSAGE by applying technology-specific pollution coefficients from GAINS (see [[Pollutants_and_non-GHG_forcing_agents_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents for MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]] and [[Air_pollution_and_health_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Air pollution and health of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]).
* '''[[Model concept, solver and details - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Model concept, solver and details]]'''
* '''[[Temporal dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Temporal dimension]]'''
* '''[[Spatial dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Spatial dimension]]'''
* '''[[Policy - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Policy]]'''


In general, cumulative global GHG emissions from all sectors are constrained at different levels to reach the forcing levels (cf. right-hand side <xr id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam"/>). The climate constraints are thus taken up in the coupled MESSAGE-GLOBIOM optimization, and the resulting carbon price is fed back to the full-fledged GLOBIOM model for full consistency. Finally, the combined results for land use, energy, and industrial emissions from MESSAGE and GLOBIOM are merged and fed into MAGICC (see [[Climate_-_MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Climate of MESSAGE-GLOBIOM]]), a global carbon-cycle and climate model, which then provides estimates of the climate implications in terms of atmospheric concentrations, radiative forcing, and global-mean temperature increase. Importantly, climate impacts and impacts of the carbon cycle are currently not accounted for in the IIASA IAM framework. The entire framework is linked to an online database infrastructure which allows straightforward visualisation, analysis, comparison and dissemination of results (Fricko et al., 2016 [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_fricko_marker_2016]]).
=== [[Socio-economic drivers - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Socio-economic drivers]] ===


<div style=" overflow: auto;">
* '''[[Population - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Population]]'''
<figure id="fig:MESSAGE-GLOBIOM_iiasaiam">
* '''[[Economic activity - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Economic activity]]'''
[[File:iiasaiam.png|left|900px|thumb|<caption>Overview of the IIASA IAM framework. Coloured boxes represent respective specialized disciplinary models which are integrated for generating internally consistent scenarios. Figure from Riahi et al. (2016).</caption>]] [[CiteRef::MSG-GLB_riahi_shared_2016]]
 
</figure>
=== [[Macro-economy - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Macro-economy]] ===
</div>
 
* '''[[Production system and representation of economic sectors - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Production system and representation of economic sectors]]'''
* '''[[Capital and labour markets - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Capital and labour markets]]'''
* '''[[Monetary instruments - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Monetary instruments]]'''
* '''[[Trade - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Trade]]'''
* '''[[Technological change - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Technological change]]'''
 
=== [[Energy - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Energy]] ===
 
* '''[[Energy resource endowments - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Energy resource endowments]]'''
** [[Fossil energy resources - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Fossil energy resources]]
** [[Uranium and other fissile resources - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Uranium and other fissile resources]]
** [[Bioenergy - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Bioenergy]]
** [[Non-biomass renewables - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Non-biomass renewables]]
 
* '''[[Energy conversion - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Energy conversion]]'''
** [[Electricity - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Electricity]]
** [[Heat - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Heat]]
** [[Gaseous fuels - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Gaseous fuels]]
** [[Liquid fuels - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Liquid fuels]]
** [[Solid fuels - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Solid fuels]]
** [[Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure]]
** [[Energy end-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Energy end-use]]
** [[Transport - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Transport]]
** [[Residential and commercial sectors - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Residential and commercial sectors]]
** [[Industrial sector - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Industrial sector]]
** [[Other end-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Other end-use]]
 
* '''[[Energy demand - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Energy demand]]'''
* '''[[Technological change in energy - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Technological change in energy]]'''
 
=== [[Land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Land-use]] ===
 
* '''[[Agriculture - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Agriculture]]'''
* '''[[Forestry - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Forestry]]'''
* '''[[Land-use change - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Land-use change]]'''
* '''[[Bioenergy land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Bioenergy land-use]]'''
* '''[[Other land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Other land-use]]'''
* '''[[Agricultural demand - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Agricultural demand]]'''
* '''[[Technological change in land-use - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Technological change in land-use]]'''
=== [[Emissions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Emissions]] ===
* '''[[GHGs - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|GHGs]]'''
* '''[[Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents]]'''
* '''[[Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options]]'''
 
=== [[Climate - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Climate]] ===
* '''[[Modelling of climate indicators - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Modelling of climate indicators ]]'''
* '''[[Climate damages, temperature changes - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Climate damages, temperature changes ]]'''
=== [[Non-climate sustainability dimension - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Non-climate sustainability dimension]] ===
 
* '''[[Air pollution and health - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Air pollution and health]]'''
* '''[[Water - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Water]]'''
* '''[[Other materials - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Other materials]]'''
* '''[[Other sustainability dimensions - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Other sustainability dimensions]]'''
 
=== [[Appendices - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Appendices]] ===
* '''[[Mathematical model description - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Mathematical model description]]'''
* '''[[Data - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|Data]]'''
 
=== [[References - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM|References]] ===

Latest revision as of 11:40, 22 July 2025

Model Documentation - MESSAGE-GLOBIOM

    Corresponding documentation
    Previous versions
    Model information
    Model link
    Institution International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria, http://data.ene.iiasa.ac.at.
    Solution concept General equilibrium (closed economy)
    Solution method Optimization
    Anticipation

    Introduction

    The IIASA IAM framework consists of a combination of five different models or modules - the energy model MESSAGEix, the land use model GLOBIOM, the air pollution and GHG model GAINS, the aggregated macro-economic model MACRO, and the simple climate model MAGICC - which complement each other and are specialized in different areas. All models and modules together build the IIASA IAM framework, also referred to as MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM because the energy model MESSAGEix and the land use model GLOBIOM are its most important components. The five models provide input to and iterate between each other during a typical SSP scenario development cycle.

    Table of contents

    Model scope and methods

    Socio-economic drivers

    Macro-economy

    Energy

    Land-use

    Emissions

    Climate

    Non-climate sustainability dimension

    Appendices

    References

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