References - POLES

Model Documentation - POLES
Model scope and methods - POLES Model concept, solver and details - POLES Temporal dimension - POLES Spatial dimension - POLES Policy - POLES Socio-economic drivers - POLES Population - POLES Economic activity - POLES Macro-economy - POLES Production system and representation of economic sectors - POLES Energy - POLES Energy resource endowments - POLES Fossil energy resources - POLES Uranium and other fissile resources - POLES Bioenergy - POLES Non-biomass renewables - POLES Energy conversion - POLES Electricity - POLES Heat - POLES Gaseous fuels - POLES Liquid fuels - POLES Solid fuels - POLES Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - POLES Energy end-use - POLES Transport - POLES Residential and commercial sectors - POLES Industrial sector - POLES Other end-use - POLES Energy demand - POLES Technological change in energy - POLES Land-use - POLES Emissions - POLES Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - POLES Climate - POLES Non-climate sustainability dimension - POLES Appendices - POLES Data - POLES References - POLES
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM COFFEE-TEA DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM POLES PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of POLES version ADVANCE
Model information
Model link	http://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/poles https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/poles-jrc-model-documentation-0
Institution	JRC - Joint Research Centre - European Commission (EC-JRC), Belgium, http://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/.
Solution concept	Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
Solution method	SimulationRecursive simulation
Anticipation	Myopic

EDGAR EC-JRC 2015 testing OECD/NEA 2014 OECD 2014 testing

{{#scite:

|reference=EC-JRC 2015 
|type=database
|citation text=Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), v4.2 and v4.2 FT2010. European Commission - Joint Research Centre. 2015. [1]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=FAO 2015
|type=database
|citation text=Emissions Land Use database FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. 2015. [2]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=IMF 2016
|type=database
|citation text=World Economic Outlook. International Monetary Fund. 2016. [3]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=OECD 2013
|type=database
|citation text=Economic Outlook No 93, Long term Baseline Projections. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. June 2013. [4]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=OECD 2014 
|type=report
|title=Uranium 2014: Resources, Production and Demand. A Joint Report by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency. NEA No. 7209. [5]
|author=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; Nuclear Energy Agency|+sep=;
|publisher=OECD
|month=
|year=2014
|institution=OECD/NEA
|address=Paris, France

}} {{#scite:

|reference=NREL 2013
|type=database
|citation text=Global CFDDA-based Onshore and Offshore Wind Potential Supply Curves by Country, Class, and Depth (quantities in GW and PWh). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2013. [6]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=UN 2015
|type=database
|citation text=Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects, the 2015 Revision. United Nations. 2015. [7]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=UNFCCC 2015
|type=database
|citation text=Greenhouse Gas Inventory Data, Flexible Queries. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2015. [8]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=USGS 2013
|type=database
|citation text=World Petroleum Assessment. US Geological Survey. 2013. [9], [10]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=WB 2015
|type=database
|citation text=World data bank, World development indicators. World Bank. 2015. [11]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=WEC 2013a
|type=database
|citation text=World Energy Resources, 2013 Survey. World Energy Council. 2013. [12]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=Enerdata 2015
|type=database
|citation text=Global Energy & CO2 Data. Enerdata. 2015. [13]

}} {{#scite:

|reference=IEA 2015
|type=database
|citation text=IEA online energy statistics. International Energy Agency. 2015. [14]

}}

{{#scite:

|reference=després2016st
|type=journal-article
|title=Storage as a flexibility option in power systems with high shares of variable renewable energy sources: a POLES-based analysis
|author=Jacques Després;Silvana Mima;Alban Kitous;Patrick Criqui;Nouredine Hadjsaid;Isabelle Noirot|+sep=;
|journal=Energy Economics
|publisher=Elsevier BV
|year=2016
|doi=10.1016/j.eneco.2016.03.006
|subject=Energy(all);Economics and Econometrics|+sep=;
|issn=0140-9883

}} {{#scite:

|reference=pietzcker2016sy
|type=journal-article
|title=System integration of wind and solar power in integrated assessment models: A cross-model evaluation of new approaches
|author=Robert C. Pietzcker;Falko Ueckerdt;Samuel Carrara;Harmen Sytze de Boer;Jacques Després;Shinichiro Fujimori;Nils Johnson;Alban Kitous;Yvonne Scholz;Patrick Sullivan;Gunnar Luderer|+sep=;
|journal=Energy Economics
|publisher=Elsevier BV
|year=2016
|doi=10.1016/j.eneco.2016.11.018
|subject=Energy(all);Economics and Econometrics|+sep=;
|issn=0140-9883

}} {{#scite:EC-JRC 2014

|type=report
|author=JRC
|year=2014
|title=ETRI 2014 - Energy Technology Reference Indicator projections for 2010-2050. [15]
|institution=European Commission - Joint Research Centre
|address=Petten, The Netherlands

}} {{#scite:

|reference=pietzcker2014us
|type=journal-article
|title=Using the sun to decarbonize the power sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar power
|author=Robert Carl Pietzcker;Daniel Stetter;Susanne Manger;Gunnar Luderer|+sep=;
|journal=Applied Energy
|publisher=Elsevier BV
|year=2014
|volume=135
|pages=704-720
|doi=10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.011
|subject=Energy(all);Civil and Structural Engineering|+sep=;
|issn=0306-2619

}} {{#scite:WEC 2013b

|type=report
|author=WEC
|year=2014
|title=World Energy Perspective, Cost of Energy Technologies: 2013 Survey. [16]
|institution=World Energy Council
|address=London, United Kingdom

}} {{#scite:

|reference=duscha2013co
|type=journal-article
|title=Costs of meeting international climate targets without nuclear power
|author=Vicki Duscha;Katja Schumacher;Joachim Schleich;Pierre Buisson|+sep=;
|journal=Climate Policy
|publisher=Informa UK Limited
|year=2013
|volume=14
|issue=3
|pages=327-352
|doi=10.1080/14693062.2014.852018
|subject=Atmospheric Science;Environmental Science(all)|+sep=;
|issn=1469-3062;1752-7457|+sep=;

}} {{#scite:

|reference=griffin2013wh
|type=journal-article
|title=White Knights: will wind and solar come to the rescue of a looming capacity gap from nuclear phase-out or slow CCS start-up?
|author=Bradford Griffin;Pierre Buisson;Patrick Criqui;Silvana Mima|+sep=;
|journal=Climatic Change
|publisher=Springer Nature
|year=2013
|volume=123
|issue=3-4
|pages=623-635
|doi=10.1007/s10584-013-0963-5
|subject=Atmospheric Science;Global and Planetary Change|+sep=;
|issn=0165-0009;1573-1480|+sep=;

}}